Immunosenescence and Cytomegalovirus: Exploring Their Connection in the Context of Aging, Health, and Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(2), С. 753 - 753

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2024

Aging induces numerous physiological alterations, with immunosenescence emerging as a pivotal factor. This phenomenon has attracted both researchers and clinicians, prompting profound questions about its implications for health disease. Among the contributing factors, one intriguing actor in this complex interplay is human cytomegalovirus (CMV), member of herpesvirus family. Latent CMV infection exerts influence on aging immune system, potentially to age-related diseases. review delves into intricate relationship between CMV, revealing how chronic viral impacts landscape. We explore mechanisms through which can impact composition functionality cell populations induce shifts inflammatory profiles aging. Moreover, we examine potential role pathologies such cardiovascular diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, COVID-19, Long COVID. underlines importance understanding CMV. It offers insights pathophysiology age-associated well COVID-19 outcomes among elderly. By unraveling connections gain deeper aging’s remarkable journey that infections play transforming system.

Язык: Английский

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Immunosenescence and COVID-19

Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 204, С. 111672 - 111672

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Immune system modulation in aging: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2022

The function of the immune system declines during aging, compromising its response against pathogens, a phenomenon termed as “immunosenescence.” Alterations undergone by aged individuals include thymic involution, defective memory T cells, impaired activation naïve and weak response. Age-linked alterations innate immunity comprise perturbed chemotactic, phagocytic, natural killing functions, well antigen presentation. Overall, these result in chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) that negatively impacts health elderly people. In this review, we address most relevant molecules mechanisms regulate relationship between immunosenescence inflammaging provide an updated description therapeutic strategies aimed to improve individuals.

Язык: Английский

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From aging to long COVID: exploring the convergence of immunosenescence, inflammaging, and autoimmunity

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2023

The process of aging is accompanied by a dynamic restructuring the immune response, phenomenon known as immunosenescence. This mini-review navigates through complex landscape age-associated changes, chronic inflammation, age-related autoimmune tendencies, and their potential links with immunopathology Long COVID. Immunosenescence serves an introductory departure point, elucidating alterations in cell profiles functional dynamics, changes T-cell receptor signaling, cytokine network dysregulation, compromised regulatory function. Subsequent scrutiny or “inflammaging,” highlights its roles susceptibilities mediator perturbations observed COVID patients. introduction epigenetic facets further amplifies interconnections. In this compact review, we consider interactions between immunosenescence, autoimmunity. We aim to explore multifaceted relationships that link these processes shed light on underlying mechanisms drive interconnectedness. With focus understanding immunological context aging, seek provide insights into how immunosenescence inflammation contribute emergence progression disorders elderly may serve for disturbances.

Язык: Английский

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Aged brain and neuroimmune responses to COVID-19: post-acute sequelae and modulatory effects of behavioral and nutritional interventions

Immunity & Ageing, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2023

Advanced age is one of the significant risk determinants for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related mortality and long COVID complications. The contributing factors may include age-related dynamical remodeling immune system, known as immunosenescence chronic low-grade systemic inflammation. Both these induce an inflammatory milieu in aged brain drive changes microenvironment neurons microglia, which are characterized by a general condition inflammation, so-called neuroinflammation. Emerging evidence reveals that privilege aging be compromised. Resident cells, such astrocytes, neurons, oligodendrocytes but also infiltrating monocytes, T cells macrophages participate complex intercellular networks multiple reciprocal interactions. Especially microglia playing regulatory role contribute to disturbing homeostasis impairments neuroimmune responses. Neuroinflammation trigger structural damage, diminish regeneration, neuronal cell death, modulate synaptic this manner negatively interfere with functions.In review article, we give insights into interactions highlight impact COVID-19 on functional systems already modulated We discuss potential ways severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) proposed mechanisms biological development persisting conditions. summarize responsible COVID, including autoimmunity, direct virus-mediated cytotoxicity, hypercoagulation, mitochondrial failure, dysbiosis, reactivation other viruses, Cytomegalovirus (CMV). Finally, effects various interventional options can decrease propagation biological, physiological, psychosocial stressors activation inhibit triggering unbalanced modulatory bioactive nutritional compounds along multimodal benefits behavioral interventions moderate exercise, applied postinfectious order improve health.

Язык: Английский

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Outer Membrane Vesicle Vaccine Platforms

BioDrugs, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 38(1), С. 47 - 59

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2023

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spontaneously released by many gram-negative bacteria during their growth and constitute an important virulence factor for bacteria, helping them to survive through harsh environmental conditions. Native OMVs, naturally-released from produced at a level too low vaccine manufacturing, requiring chemical treatment (detergent-extracted) or genetic manipulation, resulting in generalized modules antigens (GMMAs). Over the years, nature properties of OMVs have made viable platform development. There few licensed OMV vaccines mainly prevention meningitis caused Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MenB) Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). several candidates clinical development against other organisms which derived, but also heterologous targets used as carriers (e.g. coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]). The use than those they derived is major advancement technology, improving its versatility being able deliver protein polysaccharide antigens. Other advances include range modifications that can be improve safety, reduce reactogenicity, increase immunogenicity protective efficacy. However, significant challenges remain, such identification general tools high-content surface expression proteins on surface. Here, we outline progress date, particularly discussing OMV-based Recent trends preclinical research described, focused manipulation conjugation Remaining with directions future discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Navigating the Neuroimmunomodulation Frontier: Pioneering Approaches and Promising Horizons—A Comprehensive Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(17), С. 9695 - 9695

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2024

The research in neuroimmunomodulation aims to shed light on the complex relationships that exist between immune and neurological systems how they affect human body. This multidisciplinary field focuses way responses are influenced by brain activity neural function is impacted immunological signaling. provides important insights into a range of medical disorders. Targeting both pathways, neuroimmunomodulatory approaches used clinical pain management address chronic pain. Pharmacological therapies aim modulate neuroimmune interactions reduce inflammation. Furthermore, bioelectronic techniques like vagus nerve stimulation offer non-invasive control these systems, while neuromodulation transcranial magnetic modify neuronal Within context aging, analyzes ways which alterations brought aging contribute cognitive decline neurodegenerative illnesses. Restoring homeostasis through strategies shows promise reducing age-related decline. Research mood disorders dysregulation relates illnesses including anxiety depression. Immune system fluctuations increasingly recognized for their impact function, leading novel treatments target interactions. review emphasizes interdisciplinary cooperation continuous necessary better understand relationship systems.

Язык: Английский

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Inflammaging at the Time of COVID-19

Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 38(3), С. 473 - 481

Опубликована: Март 21, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Accelerated T-Cell Immunosenescence in Cytomegalovirus-Seropositive Individuals After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 228(5), С. 576 - 585

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2023

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major driver of accelerated immunosenescence related to CD28null T cell expansion. CMV and these proatherogenic cells have been independently associated with cardiovascular disease coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) severity. We investigated the potential contribution severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) its relationship CMV. Innate adaptive immune subpopulations from individuals mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 (mCOVID-19) healthy donors were immunophenotyped. A significant increase in CD28nullCD57+CX3CR1+ percentages (CD4+ [P ≤ .01], CD8+ TcRγδ (CD4-CD8-) .001]) was found unnvaccinated CMV-seropositive mCOVID-19 stable up 12 months after infection. This expansion did not occur CMV-seronegative infected vaccination. There no differences between aortic stenosis groups. Thus, coinfected senescence, which might lead an increased risk disease.

Язык: Английский

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Aging brain: exploring the interplay between bone marrow aging, immunosenescence, and neuroinflammation

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

Aging is a complex process characterized by myriad of physiological changes, including alterations in the immune system termed immunosenescence. It exerts profound effects on both bone marrow and central nervous system, with significant implications for immunosenescence neurological contexts. Our mini-review explores relationship between aging its impact immunosenescence, specifically within context diseases. The serves as crucial hub hematopoiesis cell production, yet age, it undergoes alterations, hematopoietic stem function, niche composition, inflammatory signaling. These age-related shifts microenvironment contribute to dysregulation homeostasis impacting neuroinflammatory processes neuronal health. In our review, we aim explore cellular molecular mechanisms that link inflammaging, neuroinflammation, specific focus their relevance pathophysiology disorders. By exploring this interplay, strive provide comprehensive understanding how impacts function contributes progression diseases individuals. Ultimately, knowledge can hold substantial promise development innovative therapeutic interventions aimed at preserving mitigating disorders elderly population.

Язык: Английский

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