Targeting Cytokine-Mediated Inflammation in Brain Disorders: Developing New Treatment Strategies

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(1), С. 104 - 104

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Cytokine-mediated inflammation is increasingly recognized for playing a vital role in the pathophysiology of wide range brain disorders, including neurodegenerative, psychiatric, and neurodevelopmental problems. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) cause neuroinflammation, alter function, accelerate disease development. Despite progress understanding these pathways, effective medicines targeting are still limited. Traditional anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory drugs peripheral inflammatory illnesses. Still, they face substantial hurdles when applied to central nervous system (CNS), blood-brain barrier (BBB) unwanted systemic effects. This review highlights developing treatment techniques modifying cytokine-driven focusing on advances that selectively target critical involved pathology. Novel approaches, cytokine-specific inhibitors, antibody-based therapeutics, gene- RNA-based interventions, sophisticated drug delivery systems like nanoparticles, show promise with respect lowering neuroinflammation greater specificity safety. Furthermore, developments biomarker discoveries neuroimaging improving our ability monitor responses, allowing more accurate personalized regimens. Preclinical clinical trial data demonstrate therapeutic potential tailored techniques. However, significant challenges remain, across BBB reducing off-target As research advances, creation personalized, cytokine-centered therapeutics has therapy landscape illnesses, giving patients hope better results higher quality life.

Язык: Английский

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Colistin treatment causes neuronal loss and cognitive impairment via ros accumulation and neuronal plasticity alterations

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 183, С. 117839 - 117839

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The weight of multiple hits: how TBI and infectious encephalitis co-modulate adverse outcomes

Brain Injury, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 10

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

Chronic neurologic deficits from traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subsequent infectious encephalitis are poorly characterized. Using TriNetX database we queried patients 18 years or older with a confirmed diagnosis of between 2016 2024. Patient cohorts included those TBI at least one month before (N = 1,038), anytime 1,886), but no TBI, 45,210; N 45,215). A murine model controlled cortical impact (CCI) Venezuelan equine virus (VEEV) infection was used to reflect the clinical model, followed by extracting hippocampal tissue for bulk RNA sequencing analysis. Patients history have an increased risk mortality, epilepsy, dementia delirium. Bulk hippocampus mice subjected CCI VEEV demonstrated that key pathways, specifically involved in granzyme mediated cell death, were enriched compared alone. Our findings reveal portends worse outcomes, may be vulnerable death under these conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Postoperative sepsis and its sequential impact on dementia

Critical Care, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 29(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025

Postoperative sepsis is a severe complication associated with increased mortality and potential long-term cognitive decline, including dementia. However, the relationship between postoperative dementia remains poorly understood. This retrospective cohort study used data from National Database in Taiwan, covering period January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2022. The index for surgeries was set 2008, 2013, allowing identification of patients without prior A landmark 12 months following surgery defined capture number events, which were then analyzed their impact on risk. After 1:4 propensity score matching (PSM), evaluated using Cox proportional hazards Fine-Gray competing risk models. Following PSM, 778 group 3,112 non-postoperative group. Dementia incidence higher (26%) compared non- (13.6%), hazard ratio (HR) 1.25 (95% CI, 1.03–1.52). dose–response observed, rates 24.5% one event 34.9% two or more latter showing an HR 1.77 1.17–2.66). Mortality also elevated (40.5% vs. 31.6%; 1.45, 95% 1.28–1.65). significantly dose-dependent manner. These findings highlight importance enhancing perioperative infection control reduce both immediate complications.

Язык: Английский

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The neuroprotective potentials of cinnamon oil

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 289 - 314

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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