Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Март 28, 2025
Язык: Английский
Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 55(7), С. 1314 - 1321
Опубликована: Июль 10, 2023
Abstract As a type of short noncoding RNAs, microRNA (miRNA) undoubtedly plays crucial role in cancer development. Since the discovery identity and clinical functions miRNAs, over past few decades, roles miRNAs have been actively investigated. Numerous pieces evidence indicate that are pivotal factors most types cancer. Recent research focused on has identified characterized large cohort commonly dysregulated or exclusively specific These studies suggested potential as biomarkers diagnosis prognostication Moreover, many these oncogenic tumor-suppressive functions. MiRNAs focus given their applications therapeutic targets. Currently, various oncology trials using screening, diagnosis, drug testing underway. Although studying diseases reviewed before, there fewer related to Furthermore, updated results recent preclinical miRNA drugs needed. Therefore, this review aims provide up-to-date information trials.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
202
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(3), С. 1469 - 1469
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024
The discovery of the link between microRNAs (miRNAs) and a myriad human diseases, particularly various cancer types, has generated significant interest in exploring their potential as novel class drugs. This led to substantial investments interdisciplinary research fields such biology, chemistry, medical science for development miRNA-based therapies. Furthermore, recent global success SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 pandemic further revitalized RNA-based immunotherapies, including approaches treatment. Consequently, RNA therapeutics have emerged highly adaptable modular options therapy. Moreover, advancements chemistry delivery methods been pivotal shaping landscape immunotherapy, approaches. biotechnology pharmaceutical industry witnessed resurgence incorporating immunotherapies miRNA into programs. Despite progress preclinical research, field remains its early stages, with only few progressing clinical development, none reaching phase III trials or being approved by US Food Drug Administration (FDA), several facing termination due toxicity issues. These setbacks highlight existing challenges that must be addressed broad application therapeutics. Key include establishing sensitivity, specificity, selectivity towards intended targets, mitigating immunogenic reactions off-target effects, developing enhanced targeted delivery, determining optimal dosing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. Additionally, limited understanding precise functions miRNAs limits utilization. viable treatment, they technically economically feasible widespread adoption As result, thorough risk evaluation is crucial minimize prevent overdosing, address other Nevertheless, diseases evident, future investigations are essential determine applicability settings.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
87
Pathology - Research and Practice, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 252, С. 154908 - 154908
Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
54
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(17), С. 13340 - 13340
Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2023
There is an urgent unmet need for robust and reliable biomarkers early diagnosis, prognosis, prediction of response to specific treatments many aggressive deadly cancers, such as pancreatic cancer, liquid biopsy-based miRNA profiling has the potential this. MiRNAs are a subset non-coding RNAs that regulate expression multitude genes post-transcriptionally thus diagnostic, prognostic, predictive have also emerged therapeutics. Because miRNAs involved in post-transcriptional regulation their target mRNAs via repressing gene expression, defects biogenesis pathway perturb oncogenic or tumor-suppressive pathogenesis various cancers. As such, numerous been identified be downregulated upregulated functioning either oncomes oncosuppressor miRs. Moreover, dysregulation pathways can change function cancer. Profiling dysregulated cancer shown correlate with disease indicate optimal treatment options predict therapy. Specific signatures track stages hold markers, well therapeutics mimics inhibitors (antagomirs). Furthermore, they along downstream used therapeutic targets. However, limited understanding validation roles miRNAs, lack tissue specificity, methodological, technical, analytical reproducibility, harmonization isolation quantification methods, use standard operating procedures, availability automated standardized assays improve reproducibility between independent studies limit bench-to-bedside translation clinical applications. Here I review recent findings on markers.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
29
Cell Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(9), С. 609 - 629
Опубликована: Июль 25, 2024
The advent of high-throughput sequencing uncovered that our genome is pervasively transcribed into RNAs are seemingly not translated proteins. It was also found non-coding RNA transcripts outnumber canonical protein-coding genes. This mindboggling discovery prompted a surge in research started unraveling the functional relevance these new genetic units, shaking classic definition "gene". While revolution still taking place, polysome/ribosome profiling and mass spectrometry analyses revealed peptides can be from non-canonical open reading frames. Therefore, it becoming evident coding vs dichotomy way blurrier than anticipated. In this review, we focus on several examples which binary classification genes outdated, since same bifunctional gene expresses both products. We discuss implications intricate usage terms molecular mechanisms expression biological outputs, often concordant, but surprisingly discordant. Finally, methodological caveats associated with study genes, highlight opportunities challenges therapeutic exploitation intricacy towards development anticancer therapies.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
14
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(14), С. 7974 - 7974
Опубликована: Июль 21, 2024
Gliomas, particularly glioblastoma (GBM), represent the most prevalent and aggressive tumors of central nervous system (CNS). Despite recent treatment advancements, patient survival rates remain low. The diagnosis GBM traditionally relies on neuroimaging methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans postoperative confirmation via histopathological molecular analysis. Imaging techniques struggle to differentiate between tumor progression treatment-related changes, leading potential misinterpretation delays. Similarly, tissue biopsies, while informative, are invasive not suitable for monitoring ongoing treatments. These challenges have led emergence liquid biopsy, through blood samples, a promising alternative monitoring. Presently, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling offers minimally means obtaining tumor-related information guide therapy. idea that any biofluid tests can be used screen many cancer types has huge potential. Tumors release various components into bloodstream other biofluids, including cell-free nucleic acids microRNAs (miRNAs), circulating DNA (ctDNA), cells (CTCs), proteins, extracellular vesicles (EVs) exosomes, metabolites, factors. factors been shown cross blood-brain barrier (BBB), presenting an opportunity well real-time assessment distinct genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic changes associated with brain tumors. their potential, clinical utility biopsy-based biomarkers is somewhat constrained by limitations absence standardized methodologies CSF collection, analyte extraction, analysis methods, small cohort sizes. Additionally, biopsies offer more precise insights morphology microenvironment. Therefore, objective biopsy should complement enhance diagnostic accuracy patients providing additional alongside traditional biopsies. Moreover, utilizing combination diverse biomarker may effectiveness compared solely relying one category, potentially improving sensitivity specificity addressing some existing GBM. This review presents overview latest research found in discusses diagnostic, predictive, prognostic indicators, future perspectives.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12
Human Gene Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 35(17-18), С. 628 - 648
Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2024
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression involved in various pathophysiological processes. Their ability to modulate multiple pathways simultaneously and their involvement numerous diseases make miRNAs attractive tools targets therapeutic development. Significant efforts have been made advance miRNA research the preclinical stage, attracting considerable investment from biopharmaceutical companies. Consequently, an increasing number miRNA-based therapies entered clinical trials for both diagnostic applications across a wide range diseases. While individual can regulate broad array mRNA targets, this also complicates management adverse effects seen trials. Several candidates discontinued due toxicity concerns, underscoring need comprehensive risk assessments therapeutics. Despite no strategies yet received approval regulatory agencies, prominent progress modulation approaches nano-delivery systems last decade, leading development novel safe well-tolerated drug candidates. In review, we present recent advances therapeutics currently or stages treating rare genetic disorders multifactorial common conditions. We address challenges related safety targeted delivery therapies, as well identification most effective
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
10
Journal of Cancer, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(4), С. 990 - 998
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Objective MiRNA-766-3p has been shown to be associated with a variety of cancers.However, few studies have done in gastric cancer (GC).This study explores the mechanism miR-766-3p GC.Methods The potential targets microRNA (miRNA) were predicted using Tarbase and Targetscan databases.The results are intersected differential genes (DEGs) (fold change > 1.5, P < 0.05) obtain core targets.The hub screened by constructing PPI networks (degree 5, expression 0.5).Validating immunohistochemistry these through database.And binding sites between miRNAs mRNAs verified dual-luciferase Assay.Finally, qRT-PCR Western Blot experiments conducted validate signal pathways. ResultsThe from network THBS2, COL1A1, FGG, FGB, PLAU.Combining database, luciferase Assay experimental validation, can sponge COL1A1 it plays most important role progression.In GC, was upregulated enrichment analysis revealed that regulates PI3K/AKT pathway, AKT is also highly expressed cancer. ConclusionThe inhibit progression targeting regulating pathway.It could therapy option for GC.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
8
Genes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1), С. 123 - 123
Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2024
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two crucial classes of transcripts that belong to the major group (ncRNAs). These RNA molecules have significant influence over diverse molecular processes due their role as regulators gene expression. However, dysregulated expression these ncRNAs constitutes a fundamental factor in etiology progression wide variety multifaceted human diseases, including kidney diseases. In this context, past years, compelling evidence has shown miRNAs lncRNAs could be prospective targets for development next-generation drugs against diseases they participate number disease-associated processes, such podocyte nephron death, renal fibrosis, inflammation, transition from acute injury chronic disease, vascular changes, sepsis, pyroptosis, apoptosis. Hence, current review, we critically analyze recent findings concerning therapeutic inferences pathophysiological context Additionally, with aim driving advances formulation ncRNA-based tailored management discuss some key challenges future prospects should addressed forthcoming investigations.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
8
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12
Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2024
Among women, breast cancer ranks as the most prevalent form of cancer, and presence metastases significantly reduces prognosis diminishes overall survival rates. Gaining insights into biological mechanisms governing conversion cells, their subsequent spread to other areas body, immune system’s monitoring tumor growth will contribute advancement more efficient targeted therapies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in interaction between cells facilitating cells’ evasion system promoting progression. Additionally, miRNAs also influence metastasis formation, including establishment metastatic sites transformation migratory phenotypes. Specifically, dysregulated expression these genes has been associated with abnormal oncogenes suppressor genes, thereby development. This study aims provide concise overview significance function focusing on involvement suppressors antitumor response formation. Furthermore, hold tremendous potential targets for gene therapy due ability modulate specific pathways that can either promote or suppress carcinogenesis. perspective highlights latest strategies developed miRNA-based
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
8