Frontiers in Genetics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Март 29, 2023
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs)
are
highly
conserved,
small
non-coding
RNA
molecules
(∼21
nucleotides)
that
regulate
numerous
biological
processes,
including
developmental
timing,
hematopoiesis,
organogenesis,
apoptosis,
cell
differentiation,
and
proliferation
either
by
mRNA
degradation
or
translation
repression.
Since
eye
physiology
requires
a
perfect
orchestration
of
complex
regulatory
networks,
an
altered
expression
key
such
as
miRNAs
potentially
leads
to
disorders.
In
recent
years,
comprehensive
progress
has
been
made
in
demonstrating
the
precise
roles
miRNAs,
emphasizing
their
potential
use
diagnostic
therapeutic
purposes
chronic
human
diseases.
Thus,
this
review
explicitly
illustrates
four
common
disorders,
cataract,
glaucoma,
macular
degeneration,
uveitis,
application
disease
management.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(6), С. 3403 - 3403
Опубликована: Март 17, 2024
The
potential
of
liquid
biopsy
for
the
prognosis
and
diagnosis
diseases
is
unquestionable.
Within
evolving
landscape
disease
diagnostics
personalized
medicine,
circulating
microRNAs
(c-miRNAs)
stand
out
among
biomarkers
found
in
blood
circulation
other
biological
fluids
due
to
their
stability,
specificity,
non-invasive
detection
biofluids.
However,
complexity
human
limitations
inherent
single-marker
highlight
need
a
more
integrative
approach.
It
has
been
recently
suggested
that
multi-analyte
approach
offers
advantages
over
single-analyte
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
explore
combining
three
well-studied
classes
biofluids—miRNAs,
DNAs,
proteins—to
enhance
accuracy
efficacy
monitoring.
Initially,
provide
an
overview
each
biomarker
class
discuss
main
disadvantages
highlighting
superiority
c-miRNAs
biomarkers.
Additionally,
challenges
future
directions
integrating
these
into
clinical
practice,
emphasizing
standardized
protocols
further
validation
studies.
This
integrated
revolutionize
precision
medicine
by
offering
insights
mechanisms,
facilitating
early
detection,
guiding
therapeutic
strategies.
collaborative
power
with
represents
promising
frontier
comprehensive
understanding
management
complex
Nevertheless,
several
must
be
addressed
before
can
translated
practice.
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
39(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
(
Mtb
)
complex,
responsible
for
(TB)
infection,
continues
to
be
a
predominant
global
cause
of
mortality
due
intricate
host‐pathogen
interactions
that
affect
disease
progression.
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs),
essential
posttranscriptional
regulators,
have
become
pivotal
modulators
these
relationships.
Recent
findings
indicate
miRNAs
actively
regulate
immunological
responses
complex
by
modulating
autophagy,
apoptosis,
and
immune
cell
activities.
This
has
resulted
in
increased
interest
as
prospective
diagnostic
indicators
TB,
especially
differentiating
active
infection
from
latent
or
inactive
stages.
Variations
miRNA
expression
during
progression
offer
insights
into
the
response.
Furthermore,
present
potential
therapeutic
targets
host‐directed
therapy
(HDT)
techniques
TB
infection.
work
examines
function
pathogenesis,
with
objective
identifying
particular
response
evaluating
their
value
exploring
implications
The
is
enhance
comprehension
how
can
facilitate
improved
diagnosis
treatment
TB.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
23(9), С. 4998 - 4998
Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2022
The
atherosclerotic
vascular
disease
is
a
cardiovascular
continuum
in
which
the
main
role
attributed
to
atherosclerosis,
from
its
appearance
associated
complications.
increasing
prevalence
of
risk
factors,
population
ageing,
and
burden
on
both
economy
healthcare
system
have
led
development
new
diagnostic
therapeutic
strategies
field.
better
understanding
or
discovery
pathophysiological
mechanisms
molecules
modulating
various
signaling
pathways
involved
atherosclerosis
potential
biomarkers,
with
key
early,
subclinical
diagnosis.
evolution
technological
processes
medicine
has
shifted
attention
researchers
profiling
classical
factors
identification
biomarkers
such
as
midregional
pro-adrenomedullin,
midkine,
stromelysin-2,
pentraxin
3,
inflammasomes,
endothelial
cell-derived
extracellular
vesicles.
These
are
seen
future
targets
decreased
morbidity
mortality
through
early
diagnosis
lesions
research
directions.
Journal of Diabetes Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
2024, С. 1 - 21
Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2024
Diabetic
retinopathy
(DR)
is
a
severe
microvascular
complication
of
diabetes
and
one
the
primary
causes
blindness
in
working-age
population
Europe
United
States.
At
present,
no
cure
available
for
DR,
but
early
detection
timely
intervention
can
prevent
rapid
progression
disease.
Several
treatments
DR
are
known,
primarily
ophthalmic
treatment
based
on
glycemia,
blood
pressure,
lipid
control,
which
includes
laser
photocoagulation,
glucocorticoids,
vitrectomy,
antivascular
endothelial
growth
factor
(anti-VEGF)
medications.
Despite
clinical
efficacy
aforementioned
therapies,
none
them
entirely
shorten
course
or
reverse
retinopathy.
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs)
vital
regulators
gene
expression
participate
cell
growth,
differentiation,
development,
apoptosis.
have
been
shown
to
play
significant
role
particularly
molecular
mechanisms
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
neurodegeneration.
The
aim
this
review
systematically
summarize
signaling
pathways
miRNAs
involved
occurrence
development
mainly
from
pathogenesis
neovascularization.
Meanwhile,
article
also
discusses
research
progress
application
miRNA-specific
therapies
DR.
Journal of Applied Genetics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
64(3), С. 459 - 477
Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2023
Abstract
Lung
cancer
is
the
most
common
cause
of
cancer-related
deaths
in
world.
One
reasons
poor
prognosis
and
high
mortality
lung
patients
diagnosis
disease
its
advanced
stage.
Despite
innovative
diagnostic
methods
multiple
completed
ongoing
clinical
trials
aiming
at
therapy
improvement,
no
significant
increase
patients’
long-term
survival
has
been
noted
over
last
decades.
Patients
would
certainly
benefit
from
early
detection
cancer.
Therefore,
it
crucial
to
find
new
biomarkers
that
can
help
predict
outcomes
tumor
responses
order
maximize
effectiveness
avoid
over-
or
under-treating
with
Nowadays,
scientists’
attention
mainly
dedicated
so-called
liquid
biopsy,
which
fully
non-invasive
easily
available
method
based
on
simple
blood
draw.
Among
biopsy
elements,
circulating
nucleic
acids
are
worth
mentioning.
Epigenetic
biomarkers,
particularly
miRNA
expression,
have
several
distinct
features
make
them
promising
prognostic
markers.
In
this
review,
we
described
miRNA’s
involvement
tumorigenesis
present
as
a
predictor
development
progression,
potential
indicator
treatment
efficacy,
importantly
therapeutic
target.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(20), С. 11060 - 11060
Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2024
Colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
remains
the
second
most
common
cause
of
cancer-related
mortality
worldwide,
necessitating
advancements
in
early
detection
and
innovative
treatment
strategies.
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs),
small
non-coding
RNAs
involved
gene
regulation,
have
emerged
as
crucial
players
pathogenesis
CRC.
This
review
synthesizes
latest
findings
on
miRNA
deregulated
precancerous
lesions
By
examining
deregulation
patterns
miRNAs
across
different
stages
CRC
development,
this
highlights
their
potential
diagnostic
tools.
We
specifically
analyse
roles
relevance
four
miRNAs-miR-15b,
miR-21,
miR-31,
miR-146a-that
consistently
exhibit
altered
expression
The
current
knowledge
role
key
oncogenic
pathways,
drug
resistance,
clinical
is
discussed.
Despite
challenges
posed
by
heterogeneity
research
CRC,
integrating
diagnostics
into
screening
methods
holds
promise
for
enhancing
personalized
medicine
approaches.
emphasizes
transformative
diagnosis,
paving
way
improved
patient
outcomes
novel
therapeutic
paradigms.
Pharmaceutics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(1), С. 128 - 128
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
represents
an
escalating
global
health
crisis,
constituting
the
leading
cause
of
dementia
among
elderly
and
profoundly
impairing
their
quality
life.
Current
FDA-approved
drugs,
such
as
rivastigmine,
donepezil,
galantamine,
memantine,
offer
only
modest
symptomatic
relief
are
frequently
associated
with
significant
adverse
effects.
Faced
this
challenge
in
line
advances
understanding
pathophysiology
neurodegenerative
condition,
various
innovative
therapeutic
strategies
have
been
explored.
Here,
we
review
novel
approaches
inspired
by
advanced
knowledge
underlying
pathophysiological
mechanisms
disease.
Among
alternatives,
immunotherapy
stands
out,
employing
monoclonal
antibodies
to
specifically
target
eliminate
toxic
proteins
implicated
AD.
Additionally,
use
medicinal
plants
is
examined,
synergistic
effects
components
may
confer
neuroprotective
properties.
The
modulation
gut
microbiota
also
addressed
a
peripheral
strategy
that
could
influence
neuroinflammatory
degenerative
processes
brain.
Furthermore,
potential
emerging
approaches,
microRNAs
regulate
key
cellular
nanotherapy,
which
enables
precise
drug
delivery
central
nervous
system,
analyzed.
Despite
promising
these
strategies,
incidence
continues
rise.
Therefore,
it
proposed
achieving
effective
treatment
future
require
integration
combined
maximizing
different
interventions.
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
39(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Recently,
many
studies
focused
on
the
billions
of
native
bacteria
found
inside
and
all
over
human
body,
commonly
known
as
microbiota,
its
interactions
with
eukaryotic
host.
One
niches
for
such
microbiota
is
gastrointestinal
tract
(GIT),
which
harbors
hundreds
to
thousands
bacterial
species
enteric
bacteria.
Changes
in
populations
were
linked
various
pathologies
irritable
bowel
syndrome
obesity.
The
gut
microbiome
could
affect
health
status
individuals.
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs)
are
one
extensively
studied
small‐sized
noncoding
RNAs
(ncRNAs)
past
decade
explore
their
multiple
roles
disease.
It
was
proven
that
miRNAs
circulate
almost
body
fluids
tissues,
showing
signature
patterns
dysregulation
associated
pathologies.
Both
cellular
circulating
participate
posttranscriptional
regulation
genes
considered
potential
key
regulators
communication.
This
manuscript
explores
unique
interplay
between
tract,
emphasizing
dual
role
shaping
host‐microbiota
dynamics.
delves
into
molecular
mechanisms
by
influence
colonization
host
immune
responses,
linking
these
findings
gut‐related
diseases.
review
highlights
innovative
therapeutic
diagnostic
opportunities,
offering
insights
targeted
treatments
dysbiosis‐associated
International Journal of General Medicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
Volume 18, С. 847 - 855
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
The
2024
Nobel
Prize
in
Physiology
or
Medicine,
awarded
for
the
discovery
of
microRNAs
(miRNAs)
as
essential
regulators
gene
expression,
has
spotlighted
their
pivotal
roles
disease
processes,
including
autoimmune
conditions
such
Sjögren's
(SD).
SD
is
a
chronic
marked
by
lymphocytic
infiltration
exocrine
glands,
resulting
significant
glandular
dysfunction
and
diverse
systemic
effects.
Recent
research
revealed
that
miRNAs
play
crucial
pathogenesis,
orchestrating
immune
cell
activity,
epithelial
integrity,
regulation
inflammatory
pathways.
Dysregulation
specific
associated
with
exacerbated
responses,
damage,
dysfunction,
sustained
inflammation,
positioning
these
small
RNA
molecules
central
players
progression.
This
review
synthesizes
current
findings
on
SD,
highlighting
how
certain
contribute
to
dysregulation,
chronicity.
Additionally,
we
explore
potential
biomarkers
reflecting
both
health,
novel
therapeutic
targets.
By
consolidating
recent
advancements,
aim
offer
comprehensive
perspective
involvement
underscore
miRNA-based
strategies
transform
diagnosis,
management,
treatment
SD.
