New Insights into Antioxidant Peptides: An Overview of Efficient Screening, Evaluation Models, Molecular Mechanisms, and Applications

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(2), С. 203 - 203

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2024

Antioxidant peptides are currently a hotspot in food science, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. In different fields, the screening, activity evaluation, mechanisms, applications of antioxidant pivotal areas research. Among these topics, efficient screening stands at forefront cutting-edge To this end, with novel technologies has significantly accelerated research process, gradually replacing traditional approach. After screened identified, time-consuming evaluation is another indispensable procedure, especially vivo models. Cellular rodent models have been widely used for whilst non-rodent provide an solution, even potential high-throughput screening. Meanwhile, further molecular mechanisms can elucidate essence underlying activity, which related to several signaling pathways, including Keap1-Nrf2/ARE, mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, TGF-β/SMAD, AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB. Last but not least, broad manufacture, therapy, cosmetics industry, requires systematic review. This review introduces peptides, categorized new vision. A wide range assays, encompassing cellular models, as well provided comprehensive manner. addition, recent advances analyzed specific cases. Finally, production, systematically reviewed.

Язык: Английский

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Insect-pathogen crosstalk and the cellular-molecular mechanisms of insect immunity: uncovering the underlying signaling pathways and immune regulatory function of non-coding RNAs

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2023

Multicellular organisms are constantly subjected to pathogens that might be harmful. Although insects lack an adaptive immune system, they possess highly effective anti-infective mechanisms. Bacterial phagocytosis and parasite encapsulation some forms of cellular responses. Insects often defend themselves against infections through a humoral response. This phenomenon includes the secretion antimicrobial peptides into hemolymph. Specific receptors for detecting infection required recognition foreign such as proteins recognize glucans peptidoglycans, together referred PGRPs βGRPs. Activation these leads stimulation signaling pathways which further activates genes encoding peptides. Some instances JAK-STAT, Imd, Toll. The host response frequently accompanies has, however, been circumvented by diseases, may have assisted evolve their own complicated systems. role ncRNAs in insect immunology has discussed several notable studies reviews. paper examines most recent research on regulatory function during insect-pathogen crosstalk, including insect- pathogen-encoded miRNAs lncRNAs, provides overview important effector mechanisms activated diverse pathogen invaders.

Язык: Английский

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Exposure to cytarabine causes side effects on adult development and physiology and induces intestinal damage via apoptosis in Drosophila

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 159, С. 114265 - 114265

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2023

Cytarabine (Ara-C) is a widely used drug in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, it faces serious challenges clinical application due to side effects such as gastrointestinal disorders and neurologic toxicities. Until now, the mechanism of Ara-C-induced damage not clear. Here, we Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) vivo model explore Ara-C. Our results showed that Ara-C supplementation delayed larval development, reduced lifespan, impaired locomotor capacity, increased susceptibility stress response adult flies. In addition, led intestinal morphological ROS accumulation guts. Moreover, administration promoted gene expressions Toll pathway, IMD apoptotic pathway These findings raise prospects using rapidly assess chemotherapy-mediated toxicity efficiently screen protective drugs.

Язык: Английский

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Genetic, Environmental, and Stochastic Components of Lifespan Variability: The Drosophila Paradigm

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(8), С. 4482 - 4482

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2024

Lifespan is a complex quantitative trait involving genetic and non-genetic factors as well the peculiarities of ontogenesis. As with all traits, lifespan shows considerable variation within populations between individuals. Drosophila, favourite object geneticists, has greatly advanced our understanding how different forms variability affect lifespan. This review considers role heritable variability, phenotypic plasticity stochastic in controlling Drosophila melanogaster. We discuss major historical milestones development approach to study lifespan, breeding long-lived lines, advances QTL mapping, environmental that have greatest influence on laboratory maintained flies, mechanisms, by which individual affects longevity. The interplay approaches ageing limitation will also be discussed. Particular attention paid interaction types control

Язык: Английский

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Are we missing a trick by not exploiting fruit flies in inflammation-led drug discovery for neurodegeneration?

Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 15, 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a formidable challenge in neurodegeneration research, with limited therapeutic options despite decades of study. While Drosophila melanogaster has been instrumental modeling AD related Tau and amyloid beta toxicity, inflammation, key driver pathology, unexplored fly models. Given the evolutionary conservation innate immune pathways between flies mammals, drosophila presents powerful yet underutilized tool for inflammation led drug discovery AD. This perspective highlights relevance studying neuroinflammatory processes, including microglial-like glial activation, systemic gut-brain axis interactions. It further explores how models can be leveraged to screen anti-inflammatory compounds dissect genetic factors implicated By integrating modulation Drosophila-based pipeline we accelerate identification novel strategies. Fully exploiting potential screening may usher new era therapeutics, bridging gaps fundamental research translational medicine.

Язык: Английский

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Using Drosophila melanogaster to Dissect the Roles of the mTOR Signaling Pathway in Cell Growth

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(22), С. 2622 - 2622

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2023

The evolutionarily conserved target of rapamycin (TOR) serine/threonine kinase controls eukaryotic cell growth, metabolism and survival by integrating signals from the nutritional status growth factors. TOR is catalytic subunit two distinct functional multiprotein complexes termed mTORC1 (mechanistic complex 1) mTORC2, which phosphorylate a different set substrates display physiological functions. Dysregulation signaling has been involved in development progression several disease states including cancer diabetes. Here, we highlight how genetic biochemical studies model system

Язык: Английский

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Muscular TOR knockdown and endurance exercise ameliorate high salt and age-related skeletal muscle degradation by activating the MTOR-mediated pathway

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20(1), С. e0311159 - e0311159

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

The target of rapamycin(TOR)gene is closely related to metabolism and cellular aging, but it unclear whether the TOR pathways mediate endurance exercise against accelerated aging skeletal muscle induced by high salt intake. In this study, muscular gene overexpression RNAi were constructed constructing Mhc GAL4 /TOR-overexpression /TOR UAS-RNAi systems in Drosophila. results showed that knockdown significantly increased climbing speed, endurance, expression autophagy 2(ATG2), silent information regulator 2(SIR2), pparγ coactivator 1(PGC-1α) genes, superoxide dismutases(SOD) activity, decreased reactive oxygen species(ROS) level, protected myofibrillar fibers mitochondria Drosophila on a high-salt diet. yielded similar diet(HSD) alone, with opposite effect knockout found regard HSD-induced age-related degradation. Therefore, current findings confirm plays an important role degeneration, as determines activity mammalian rapamycin(MTOR)/SIR2/PGC-1α MTOR/ATG2/PGC-1α muscle.

Язык: Английский

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Preclinical Models to Study the Molecular Pathophysiology of Meniere’s Disease: A Pathway to Gene Therapy

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(5), С. 1427 - 1427

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2025

Background: Meniere’s disease (MD) is a set of rare disorders that affects >4 million people worldwide. Individuals with MD suffer from episodes vertigo associated fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus. Hearing can involve one or both ears. Over 10% the reported cases are observed in families, suggesting its significant genetic contribution. The condition polygenic >20 genes, several patterns inheritance have been reported, including autosomal dominant, recessive, digenic across multiple families. Preclinical research using animal models has an indispensable tool for studying neurophysiology auditory vestibular systems to get better understanding functional role genes involved dysfunction. While mouse most used preclinical model, this review analyzes alternative non-animal be study genes. Methods: A literature search 21 familial investigate their was performed. Results: Comparing homology proteins encoded by these other model organisms revealed Drosophila zebrafish as cost-effective screen pathophysiology MD. Conclusions: Murine preferred quantitative neurophysiological assessment functions develop drug gene therapy.

Язык: Английский

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New insights into the reproductive hazards posed by polystyrene nanoplastics

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 138210 - 138210

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Transformative Advances in Modeling Brain Aging and Longevity: Success, Challenges and Future Directions

Ageing Research Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 102753 - 102753

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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