Dual Approaches in Oncology: The Promise of siRNA and Chemotherapy Combinations in Cancer Therapies

Onco, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(1), С. 2 - 2

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

The integration of small interfering RNA (siRNA) with traditional cancer therapies represents a promising frontier in oncology aimed at enhancing treatment effectiveness, reducing side effects, and overcoming drug resistance. This review highlights the potential siRNA to selectively silence genes that are overexpressed or uniquely expressed cells, thereby disrupting critical pathways support tumor growth survival. Key target discussed include survivin, VEGF, EGFR, c-MET, HER2, MUC1, Bcl-2, all which play vital roles proliferation, angiogenesis, resistance therapies. Clinical trials investigating various candidates, such as EZN-3042 ALN-VSP, indicate these generally well-tolerated; however, significant challenges persist, including effective delivery stability siRNA. Recent advancements nanoparticle-based systems have shown promise addressing issues. Future research will focus on optimizing methods, personalizing based individual genetic profiles, establishing clearer regulatory guidelines for approval. As field evolves, siRNA-based combination poised become an integral part precision oncology, offering new therapeutic options hope patients difficult-to-treat cancers.

Язык: Английский

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Long Non-Coding RNAs in Ovarian Cancer: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Applications

Cancers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(3), С. 472 - 472

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025

Background/Objectives: Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of gynecological mortality worldwide, often diagnosed at advanced stages due to vague symptoms and the lack effective early detection methods. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators in biology, influencing cellular processes such proliferation, apoptosis, chemoresistance. This review explores multifaceted roles lncRNAs ovarian pathogenesis their potential biomarkers therapeutic targets. Methods: A comprehensive literature was conducted analyze structural functional characteristics contributions biology. includes regulatory mechanisms, interactions with signaling pathways, implications for resistance. Advanced bioinformatics omics approaches were also evaluated lncRNA research. Results: The highlights dual role oncogenes tumor suppressors, modulating cell invasion, angiogenesis. Specific lncRNAs, HOTAIR GAS5, demonstrate significant diagnostic Emerging technologies, single-cell sequencing, provide valuable insights into microenvironment heterogeneity expression. Conclusions: LncRNAs hold transformative advancing diagnosis, prognosis, treatment. Targeting or associated pathways offers promising strategies overcome therapy resistance enhance personalized medicine. Continued research integrating will be essential unlock full clinical management.

Язык: Английский

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Research trends in glioma chemoradiotherapy resistance: a bibliometric analysis (2003–2023)

Frontiers in Oncology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

Background Glioma is the most aggressive primary malignant tumor of central nervous system, characterized by high recurrence rates and resistance to chemoradiotherapy, making therapeutic a major challenge in neuro-oncology. Recent research emphasizes role microenvironment (TME) immune modulation glioma progression resistance. Despite these advances, comprehensive bibliometric analysis trends chemoradiotherapy over past two decades lacking. This study aims systematically evaluate landscape, identify emerging hotspots, provide guidance for future investigations. Methods Articles on published between 2003 2023 were retrieved from Web Science Core Collection, resulting 4,528 publications. Bibliometric tools, including VOSviewer, CiteSpace, R packages such as bibliometrix ggplot2, used analyze co-authorship networks, keyword evolution, citation bursts collaboration patterns, thematic developments, influential contributions. Results Publication output increased significantly 2013 2022, peaking at 650 articles 2022. Over 1,000 institutions 88 countries contributed this research. The United States, Switzerland, Germany showed highest impact, while China led publication volume but demonstrated relatively lower influence. focus has shifted traditional topics “MGMT gene” areas “tumor microenvironment,” “immune infiltration,” “nanoparticles.” androgen receptor was identified promising underexplored target. Conclusions Research seen substantial growth, with increasing emphasis modulation, microenvironment, novel targets receptor. represents first field, providing detailed overview potential directions studies. findings highlight need strengthened international multidisciplinary approaches address challenges glioma.

Язык: Английский

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Defective DNA Repair: A Putative Nexus Linking Immunological Diseases, Neurodegenerative Disorders, and Cancer

Mutagenesis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2025

DNA damage is a common event in cells, resulting from both internal and external factors. The maintenance of genomic integrity vital for cellular function physiological processes. inadequate repair results the instability, which has been associated with development progression various human diseases. Accumulation can lead to multiple diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders, cancers, immune deficiencies, infertility aging. This comprehensive review delves impact alterations response genes (DDR) tries elucidate how what extent same traits modulate diverse major cancer, immunological disorders. DDR apparently trait connecting important complex disorders humans. However, pathogenesis above diseases are different leading divergent consequences. It discover switch(es) that direct further pathogenic process either proliferative, or degenerative Our understanding influence on may enable strategies prevent, diagnose, treat these In our article, we analysed publicly available GWAS summary statistics NHGRI-EBI Catalog identified 12,009 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) cancer. Among these, 119 SNPs were found pathways, exhibiting significant p-values. Additionally, 44 linked cancer types (NDDs), including four located DDR-related genes: ATM, CUX2, WNT3. Furthermore, 402 two gene RAD51B. highlights versatility pathway multifactorial specific mechanisms regulate initiate distinct processes remain be elucidated.

Язык: Английский

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Unveiling Novel Targets in Lung Tumors for Enhanced Radiotherapy Efficacy: A Comprehensive Review

Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 39(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2025

ABSTRACT Radiotherapy is a cornerstone of lung cancer management, though its efficacy frequently undermined by intrinsic and acquired radioresistance. This review examines the complexity tumors, highlighting their potential as reservoir novel targets for radiosensitization. Ionizing radiation (IR) primarily exerts effects through oxidative damage DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs). Lung cells, however, develop mutations that enhance response (DDR) suppress cell death pathways. Additionally, interactions between tumor cells microenvironment (TME) components—including immune stromal molecular mediators such cytokines, chemokines, growth factors—contribute to resistance against IR. Understanding these intricate relationships reveals improve radiotherapy outcomes. Promising include DDR pathways, immunosuppressive molecules, hypoxia, proangiogenic mediators, other key signaling discusses emerging strategies, combining with immunomodulators, hypoxia inhibitors, DDR‐targeting agents, innovative approaches. By offering comprehensive analysis TME, this underscores opportunities effectiveness targeted radiosensitization strategies.

Язык: Английский

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