Nestin, CD44, Ki-67, GS and AQP4 expression in the brain neurogenic niches of deceased patients with liver cirrhosis of different degree DOI Creative Commons
T. V. Shulyatnikova, V. A. Tumanskiy

Pathologia, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(2), С. 108 - 117

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2023

The aim of the study. Immunohistochemical study Nestin, CD44, Ki-67, GS, AQP4 expression in subventricular zone lateral ventricle and hippocampus deceased patients with liver cirrhosis depending on age Child–Pugh score. Materials methods. brains 90 aged 65 ± 3 years non-alcoholic (LC) class A, B C were studied, which comprised groups: group “A” – 30 compensated LC; “B” subcompensated LC (“mild decompensation”); “C” decompensated LC. Control included died from acute cardiovascular failure did not have disease. Each was divided into 2 subgroups: ≤59 y. o. ≥60 Grade 1–4 hepatic encephalopathy detected 59 out (65.55 %) immunohistochemical levels GS evaluated paraffin tissue sections zones (SVZ) anterior lower horns brain ventricles, as well subgranular (SGZ) dentate gyrus (DG) other structures standardized fields view microscope Scope A1 Carl Zeiss (Germany) using Videotest-Morphology 5.2.0.158 software. Results. In SVZ control subgroups, Nestin+ astrocyte-like stem cells localized mainly glial nodules (SGN) to a lesser extent astrocytic ribbon. LC, there increased Nestin compared (by 61.36 % 208.74 %, respectively) due numbers ribbons. cirrhotic patients, determined fimbria-fornix, “glial plates” around blood vessels entering choroid plexus subpial zone. expressions Ki-67 maximally 37.83 times, respectively), moreover, areas periventricular reparative astrogliosis, small foci encephalolysis head caudate nucleus, among GS+ CD44+ astrocytes clusters detected. significant decrease CD44 absence observed SVZ, simultaneous maximum increase AQP4. Conclusions. neurogenic niches ventricles are signs activation neural niche reaches Clusters appear repair, probably migrate active adjacent niche. severe 3–4 encephalopathy, deep dysmetabolic dystrophy is associated substantial activity expected astrocytogenesis.

Язык: Английский

Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroprotection after the Intermittent Exposures of Hypercapnic Hypoxia DOI Open Access
П. П. Трегуб, Kulikov Vp, Irada Ibrahimli

и другие.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(7), С. 3665 - 3665

Опубликована: Март 25, 2024

The review introduces the stages of formation and experimental confirmation hypothesis regarding mutual potentiation neuroprotective effects hypoxia hypercapnia during their combined influence (hypercapnic hypoxia). main focus is on mechanisms signaling pathways involved in ischemic tolerance brain intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia. Importantly, effect exerts a more pronounced compared to separate application. Some systems are associated with predominance hypoxic stimulus (HIF-1α, A1 receptors), while others (NF-κB, antioxidant activity, inhibition apoptosis, maintenance selective blood-brain barrier permeability) mainly modulated by hypercapnia. Most molecular cellular ischemia due contribution both excess carbon dioxide oxygen deficiency (ATP-dependent potassium channels, chaperones, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial metabolism reprogramming). Overall, studies indicate dominance its action Recent clinical have demonstrated effectiveness hypercapnic-hypoxic training treatment childhood cerebral palsy diabetic polyneuropathy children. Combining pharmacological modulators neuro/cardio/cytoprotection likely be promising for translating research into medicine.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

7
The Glial Scar: To Penetrate or Not for Motor Pathway Restoration? DOI Creative Commons
Tetsuji Sekiya, Matthew C. Holley

Cell Transplantation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 34

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Although notable progress has been made, restoring motor function from the brain to muscles continues be a substantial clinical challenge in neuron diseases/disorders such as spinal cord injury (SCI). While cell transplantation widely explored potential therapeutic method for reconstructing functional pathways, there remains considerable opportunity enhancing its effectiveness. We reviewed studies on pathway regeneration identify molecular and ultrastructural cues that could enhance efficacy of transplantation. glial scar is often cited an intractable barrier axon regeneration, this mainly applies axons trying penetrate "core" reach opposite side. However, exhibits "duality," with anti-regenerative core pro-regenerative "surface." This surface permissiveness attributed molecules, laminin basement membrane (BM). Transplanting donor cells onto BM, which forms plastically after injury, may significantly Specifically, forming detour pathways between transplanted endogenous propriospinal neurons BM efficiently bypass promote regeneration. believe harnessing tissue's innate repair capacity crucial, targeting post-injury plasticity astrocytes Schwann cells, especially those associated predominantly overlooked field SCI research, can advance system restoration new stage. A shift delivery routes-from traditional intra-parenchymal (InP) route via extra-parenchymal (ExP) route-may signify transformative step forward neuro-regeneration research. Practically, however, complementary use both InP ExP methods offer most benefit pathways. aim review deepen understanding provide framework evaluating modality comparison others.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Exploring the Intricacies of Neurogenic Niches: Unraveling the Anatomy and Neural Microenvironments DOI Creative Commons
Ismael Sánchez-Gomar, Noelia Geribaldi‐Doldán, Celeste Santos-Rosendo

и другие.

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(3), С. 335 - 335

Опубликована: Март 12, 2024

Neurogenesis is the process of forming new neurons from neural stem cells (NSCs). In adults, this takes place in specific areas brain, known as neurogenic niches. These regions have unique anatomical features that been studied animal models and human brain; however, there are differences between these need to be addressed. The most subventricular zone, lateral latero-dorsal walls ventricles, dentate gyrus hippocampus (Hp), which canonical areas. Other, less-studied niches, such hypothalamus, cerebellum, amygdala, non-canonical Anatomy occupies a relevant adult neurogenesis, tissue architecture cellular location necessities for interaction release diverse molecules allow phenomenon. cell arrangement within niche itself particular relevance state NSCs found. Consequently, majority previous discoveries related pathology. While many studies based on models, neurogenesis humans also made; case, opinions vary, leading extensive controversy recent years. review, we address characteristics different brain better understand their relationships neurogenesis.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Effect of lathyrane-type diterpenoids in neural stem cell physiology: Microbial transformations, molecular docking and dynamics studies DOI Creative Commons
Felipe Escobar-Montaño, Ricardo Gómez‐Oliva, Abdellah Ezzanad

и другие.

Bioorganic Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 153, С. 107769 - 107769

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2024

Promoting endogenous neurogenesis for brain repair is emerging as a promising strategy to mitigate the functional impairments associated with various neurological disorders characterized by neuronal death. Diterpenes featuring tigliane, ingenane, jatrophane and lathyrane skeletons, frequently found in Euphorbia plant species, are known protein kinase C (PKC) activators exhibit wide variety of pharmacological properties, including stimulation neurogenesis. Microbial transformation these diterpenes represents green sustainable methodology that offers hitherto little explored approach obtaining novel derivatives exploring structure-activity relationships. In present study, we report biotransformation euphoboetirane A (4) epoxyboetirane (5), two diterpenoids isolated from boetica, Mucor circinelloides MC NRRL3631. Our findings revealed production nine products (6-14), originated through an unprecedented rearrangement parent lathyranes. The chemical structures absolute configurations new compounds were elucidated comprehensive analysis using NMR ECD spectroscopy, well MS. study evaluated how principal metabolites their affect TGFα NRG1 release, potential promote proliferation or differentiation cultures NSC SVZ adult mice. order shed some light on mechanisms underlying ability 12 neurogenic compound, interactions selected PKC δ-C1B analyzed molecular docking dynamics. Based these, it clearly appears compound form both acceptor donor hydrogen bonds certain amino acid residues enzyme pocket leads higher affinity compound-PKC complex, which correlates observed biological activity.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor to recruit newly generated neuroblasts in cortical brain injuries DOI Creative Commons
Ricardo Gómez‐Oliva, Noelia Geribaldi‐Doldán, Samuel Domínguez‐García

и другие.

Journal of Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2023

Abstract Background Neurogenesis is stimulated in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of mice with cortical brain injuries. In most these injuries, newly generated neuroblasts attempt to migrate toward injury, accumulating within corpus callosum not reaching perilesional area. Methods We use a murine model mechanical which we perform unilateral injuries primary motor cortex adult male mice. study neurogenesis SVZ and area at 7 14 dpi as well expression concentration signaling molecule transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α) its receptor epidermal (EGFR). EGFR inhibitor Afatinib promote Results show that microglial cells emerge injured response injury express high levels TGF-α leading elevated concentrations cerebrospinal fluid. Thus, number increases large remain immature proliferate expressing (EGFR) proliferation marker Ki67. Restraining release classical protein kinase C reduces proliferative + SVZ. accordance, inhibition receptor, promotes migration an Conclusions Our results indicate activated TGF-α, activating present membrane inducing their proliferation, delaying maturation negatively regulating migration. The inactivation this pathway stimulates neuroblast enhances quantity These suggest proteins may be used target molecules regenerate

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

4
Neuroestradiol and neuronal development: Not an exclusive male tale anymore DOI Creative Commons
Luis Miguel García‐Segura, Pablo Méndez, María‐Ángeles Arévalo

и другие.

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 71, С. 101102 - 101102

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2023

The brain synthesizes a variety of neurosteroids, including neuroestradiol. Inhibition neuroestradiol synthesis results in alterations basic neurodevelopmental processes, such as neurogenesis, neuroblast migration, neuritogenesis and synaptogenesis. Although the actions are exerted both sexes, some them sex-specific, well characterized effects derived from metabolism testicular testosterone during critical periods male development. In addition, recent findings have shown sex-specific on neuritic growth synaptogenesis females. Among other factors, epigenetic regulation by X linked genes, Kdm6a/Utx, may determine female brain. This review evidences impact formation sexes highlights interaction neural steriodogenesis, hormones sex chromosomes

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Nestin, CD44, Ki-67, GS and AQP4 expression in the brain neurogenic niches of deceased patients with liver cirrhosis of different degree DOI Creative Commons
T. V. Shulyatnikova, V. A. Tumanskiy

Pathologia, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(2), С. 108 - 117

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2023

The aim of the study. Immunohistochemical study Nestin, CD44, Ki-67, GS, AQP4 expression in subventricular zone lateral ventricle and hippocampus deceased patients with liver cirrhosis depending on age Child–Pugh score. Materials methods. brains 90 aged 65 ± 3 years non-alcoholic (LC) class A, B C were studied, which comprised groups: group “A” – 30 compensated LC; “B” subcompensated LC (“mild decompensation”); “C” decompensated LC. Control included died from acute cardiovascular failure did not have disease. Each was divided into 2 subgroups: ≤59 y. o. ≥60 Grade 1–4 hepatic encephalopathy detected 59 out (65.55 %) immunohistochemical levels GS evaluated paraffin tissue sections zones (SVZ) anterior lower horns brain ventricles, as well subgranular (SGZ) dentate gyrus (DG) other structures standardized fields view microscope Scope A1 Carl Zeiss (Germany) using Videotest-Morphology 5.2.0.158 software. Results. In SVZ control subgroups, Nestin+ astrocyte-like stem cells localized mainly glial nodules (SGN) to a lesser extent astrocytic ribbon. LC, there increased Nestin compared (by 61.36 % 208.74 %, respectively) due numbers ribbons. cirrhotic patients, determined fimbria-fornix, “glial plates” around blood vessels entering choroid plexus subpial zone. expressions Ki-67 maximally 37.83 times, respectively), moreover, areas periventricular reparative astrogliosis, small foci encephalolysis head caudate nucleus, among GS+ CD44+ astrocytes clusters detected. significant decrease CD44 absence observed SVZ, simultaneous maximum increase AQP4. Conclusions. neurogenic niches ventricles are signs activation neural niche reaches Clusters appear repair, probably migrate active adjacent niche. severe 3–4 encephalopathy, deep dysmetabolic dystrophy is associated substantial activity expected astrocytogenesis.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0