Cutaneous Melanoma: A Review of Multifactorial Pathogenesis, Immunohistochemistry, and Emerging Biomarkers for Early Detection and Management

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(21), С. 15881 - 15881

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is an increasingly significant public health concern. Due to alarming mortality rates and escalating incidence, it crucial understand its etiology identify emerging biomarkers for improved diagnosis treatment strategies. This review aims provide a comprehensive overview of the multifactorial CM, underscore importance early detection, discuss molecular mechanisms behind development progression, shed light on role potential in treatment. The pathogenesis CM involves complex interplay genetic predispositions environmental exposures, ultraviolet radiation exposure being predominant risk factor. emergence new biomarkers, such as novel immunohistochemical markers, gene mutation analysis, microRNA, exosome protein expressions, holds promise prognostic personalized therapeutic

Язык: Английский

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CNV-mediated dysregulation of the ceRNA network mechanism revealed heterogeneity in diffuse and intestinal gastric cancers

Journal of Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Март 11, 2025

Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous tumour with high morbidity. Approximately 95% of GC cases are gastric adenocarcinomas, which further categorized into two predominant subtypes: diffuse (DGC) and intestinal (IGC). These subtypes exhibit distinct pathophysiological molecular characteristics, reflecting their unique tumorigenic mechanisms. In this study, we employed comprehensive approach to identify driver genes associated DGC IGC by focusing on copy number variation (CNV) within the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. The influence CNV molecular, cellular, clinical differences between was subsequently analysed. Finally, therapeutic strategies for were evaluated based status functional pathways genes. A total 17 22 identified in IGC, respectively. drive subtype through ceRNA network, resulting alterations microenvironment (TME). Based these differences, personalized treatment or could be developed. Immune checkpoint inhibitors may an effective option IGC. Additionally, patients homozygous deletion PPIF might benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, whereas those high-level amplification MTAP respond targeted therapy. Driver reveal underlying cause heterogeneity Furthermore, specific as potential targets, facilitating treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Prognostic Significance of miRNA Subtypes in Melanoma: A Survival Analysis and Correlation with Treatment Response Across Patient Stages

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(12), С. 2809 - 2809

Опубликована: Дек. 11, 2024

Background and Objectives: Melanoma remains a leading cause of skin cancer mortality despite advancements in targeted therapies immunotherapies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential biomarkers for prognosis treatment response. This study aims to analyze survival outcomes according various miRNA subtypes, assess the association between specific miRNAs response, include patient staging evaluate their prognostic significance. Methods: A retrospective cohort was conducted on 90 patients from Pius Brinzeu County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Timisoara, 2019 2022. The included 45 with advanced-stage melanoma benign nevi. expression levels were quantified using miRNeasy Kit Human Cancer PathwayFinder miScript PCR Array. Survival analysis performed Kaplan–Meier method, Cox proportional hazards models used impact survival. Logistic regression analyzed markers adjusting staging. Results: Elevated hsa-miR-200a-3p hsa-miR-335-5p significantly associated poorer overall (p < 0.01), particularly stage III IV patients. Conversely, higher hsa-miR-451a correlated improved rates = 0.02). Patients increased hsa-miR-29b-3p showed better response immunotherapy (OR 2.35, 95% CI: 1.15–4.79). Multivariate confirmed that independent predictors Conclusions: Specific subtypes are significant melanoma, influencing responses across different stages. Incorporating profiling into clinical practice could enhance personalized strategies improve prognoses.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanically Stabilized UiO-66-NH2-MB Screen Printed Carbon Electrode for High Performance Electrochemical Ratiometric Quantification of miR-21-5p†

The Analyst, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 150(2), С. 240 - 248

Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2024

The ratiometric sensing strategy, which uses dual-signal output, drastically compensates for the background noise and interference from detection environment, compared to methods that rely on a single-signal output.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Non-coding RNAs in Tumorigenesis, Diagnosis/Prognosis, and Therapeutic Strategies for Cutaneous Melanoma

Methods in molecular biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 79 - 107

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024

Язык: Английский

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