Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025
Frontotemporal
dementia
(FTD)
is
a
neurodegenerative
disorder
characterized
by
progressive
degeneration
of
the
frontal
and
temporal
lobes,
leading
to
significant
changes
in
personality,
behavior,
language
abilities.
Early
accurate
differential
diagnosis
between
FTD,
its
subtypes,
other
dementias,
such
as
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
crucial
for
appropriate
treatment
planning
patient
care.
Machine
learning
(ML)
techniques
have
shown
promise
enhancing
diagnostic
accuracy
identifying
complex
patterns
clinical
neuroimaging
data
that
are
not
easily
discernible
through
conventional
analysis.
This
systematic
review,
following
PRISMA
guidelines
registered
PROSPERO,
aimed
assess
strengths
limitations
current
ML
models
used
differentiating
FTD
from
neurological
disorders.
A
comprehensive
literature
search
2013
2024
identified
25
eligible
studies
involving
6,544
patients
with
dementia,
including
2,984
3,437
AD,
103
mild
cognitive
impairment
(MCI)
20
Parkinson's
or
probable
Lewy
bodies
(PDD/DLBPD).
The
review
found
Support
Vector
Machines
(SVMs)
were
most
frequently
technique,
often
applied
electrophysiological
data.
Deep
methods,
particularly
convolutional
neural
networks
(CNNs),
also
been
increasingly
adopted,
demonstrating
high
distinguishing
dementias.
integration
multimodal
data,
neuroimaging,
EEG
signals,
neuropsychological
assessments,
has
suggested
enhance
accuracy.
showed
strong
potential
improving
diagnosis,
but
challenges
like
small
sample
sizes,
class
imbalance,
lack
standardization
limit
generalizability.
Future
research
should
prioritize
development
standardized
protocols,
larger
datasets,
explainable
AI
facilitate
ML-based
tools
into
real-world
practice.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024520902.
Journal of Personalized Medicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1), С. 27 - 27
Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025
Background:
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
is
a
progressive
neurodegenerative
disorder
that
poses
critical
challenges
in
global
healthcare
due
to
its
increasing
prevalence
and
severity.
Diagnosing
AD
other
dementias,
such
as
frontotemporal
dementia
(FTD),
slow
resource-intensive,
underscoring
the
need
for
automated
approaches.
Methods:
To
address
this
gap,
study
proposes
novel
deep
learning
methodology
EEG
classification
of
AD,
FTD,
control
(CN)
signals.
The
approach
incorporates
advanced
preprocessing
techniques
CNN
FFT-based
spectrograms
evaluated
using
leave-N-subjects-out
validation,
ensuring
robust
cross-subject
generalizability.
Results:
results
indicate
proposed
outperforms
state-of-the-art
machine
EEG-specific
neural
network
models,
achieving
an
accuracy
79.45%
AD/CN
80.69%
AD+FTD/CN
classification.
Conclusions:
These
highlight
potential
EEG-based
models
early
screening,
enabling
more
efficient,
scalable,
accessible
diagnostic
tools.
Cells,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(7), С. 648 - 648
Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2024
Neurodegenerative
diseases
are
chronic
conditions
occurring
when
neurons
die
in
specific
brain
regions
that
lead
to
loss
of
movement
or
cognitive
functions.
Despite
the
progress
understanding
mechanisms
this
pathology,
currently
no
cure
exists
treat
these
types
diseases:
for
some
them
only
help
is
alleviating
associated
symptoms.
Mitochondrial
dysfunction
has
been
shown
be
involved
pathogenesis
most
neurodegenerative
disorders.
The
fast
and
transient
permeability
mitochondria
(the
mitochondrial
transition,
mPT)
an
initial
step
mechanism
apoptotic
necrotic
cell
death,
which
acts
as
a
regulator
tissue
regeneration
postmitotic
it
leads
irreparable
cells
function.
In
study,
we
review
role
transition
neuronal
death
major
diseases,
covering
inductors
mPTP
opening
neurons,
including
ones—free
radicals
calcium—and
discuss
perspectives
difficulties
development
neuroprotective
strategy
based
on
inhibition
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(8), С. 4323 - 4323
Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2024
Neurodegenerative
disorders
(NDs)
represent
a
group
of
different
diseases
characterized
by
the
progressive
degeneration
and
death
nervous
system's
cells.
The
diagnosis
is
challenging,
especially
in
early
stages,
due
to
no
specific
clinical
signs
symptoms.
In
this
context,
laboratory
medicine
could
support
clinicians
detecting
differentiating
NDs.
Indeed,
biomarkers
indicate
pathological
mechanisms
underpinning
ideal
biofluid
for
NDs
cerebrospinal
fluid
(CSF),
which
has
limitations,
hampering
its
widespread
use
practice.
However,
intensive
efforts
are
underway
introduce
high-sensitivity
analytical
methods
detect
ND
alternative
nonivasive
biofluid,
such
as
blood
or
saliva.
This
study
presents
an
overview
molecular
currently
used
For
some
diseases,
Alzheimer's
disease
multiple
sclerosis,
well
established
recommended
guidelines.
most
NDs,
research
ongoing
identify
reliable
biomarkers,
consensus
yet
been
achieved.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
379(1899)
Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2024
Over
the
past
two
decades,
increased
research
has
highlighted
connection
between
endosomal
trafficking
defects
and
neurodegeneration.
The
endo-lysosomal
network
is
an
important,
complex
cellular
system
specialized
in
transport
of
proteins,
lipids,
other
metabolites,
essential
for
cell
homeostasis.
Disruption
this
pathway
linked
to
a
wide
range
neurodegenerative
diseases,
including
Alzheimer's
disease,
Parkinson's
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis,
Huntington's
disease
frontotemporal
dementia.
Furthermore,
there
strong
evidence
that
create
opportunities
diagnostic
therapeutic
intervention.
In
Diagnostics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(6), С. 663 - 663
Опубликована: Март 21, 2024
Functional
near-infrared
spectroscopy
(fNIRS)
is
an
innovative
neuroimaging
method
that
offers
several
advantages
over
other
commonly
used
modalities.
This
narrative
review
investigated
the
potential
contribution
of
this
to
study
neurodegenerative
disorders.
Thirty-four
studies
involving
patients
with
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD),
mild
cognitive
impairment
(MCI),
frontotemporal
dementia
(FTD),
Parkinson’s
(PD),
or
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS)
and
healthy
controls
were
reviewed.
Overall,
it
was
revealed
prefrontal
cortex
individuals
MCI
may
engage
compensatory
mechanisms
support
declining
brain
functions.
A
rightward
shift
suggested
compensate
for
loss
left
capacity
in
course
decline.
In
parallel,
some
reported
failure
early
AD;
lack
appropriate
hemodynamic
responses
serve
as
biomarker
neurodegeneration.
One
article
assessing
FTD
demonstrated
a
heterogeneous
cortical
activation
pattern
compared
AD,
indicating
fNIRS
contribute
challenging
distinction
these
conditions.
Regarding
PD,
there
evidence
resources
(especially
executive
function)
recruited
locomotor
impairments.
As
ALS,
data
involvement
extra-motor
networks
even
absence
measurable
impairment.
Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025
Frontotemporal
dementia
(FTD)
encompasses
a
group
of
heterogeneous
neurodegenerative
disorders.
Aside
from
genetic
cases,
its
diagnosis
is
challenging,
particularly
in
the
early
stages
when
symptoms
are
ambiguous,
and
structural
neuroimaging
does
not
reveal
characteristic
patterns.
The
authors
performed
comprehensive
literature
search
through
MEDLINE,
Scopus,
Web
Science
databases
to
gather
evidence
aid
diagnostic
process
for
suspected
FTD
patients,
phases,
even
sporadic
ranging
established
promising
tools.
Blood-based
biomarkers
might
help
identify
very
neuropathological
guide
further
evaluations.
Subsequently,
neurophysiological
measures
reflecting
functional
changes
cortical
excitatory/inhibitory
circuits,
along
with
assessing
brain
network,
connectivity,
metabolism,
perfusion
alterations,
could
detect
specific
associated
decades
before
symptom
onset.
As
advances,
cognitive-behavioral
profiles
atrophy
patterns
emerge,
distinguishing
subtypes.
Emerging
disease-modifying
therapies
require
patient
enrollment.
Therefore,
paradigm
shift
needed
-
relying
on
typical
cognitive
advanced
cases
widely
applicable
biomarkers,
primarily
fluid
and,
subsequently,
where
appropriate.
Additionally,
exploring
subjective
complaints
behavioral
detected
by
home-based
technologies
be
crucial
diagnosis.
