Antioxidants,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(12), С. 1518 - 1518
Опубликована: Дек. 12, 2024
Oxidative
stress
plays
a
critical
role
in
various
physiological
and
pathological
processes,
particularly
during
pregnancy,
where
it
can
significantly
affect
maternal
fetal
health.
In
the
context
of
viral
infections,
such
as
those
caused
by
Human
Immunodeficiency
Virus
(HIV)
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2),
oxidative
may
exacerbate
complications
disrupting
cellular
function
immune
responses.
Antiviral
drugs,
while
essential
managing
these
also
contribute
to
stress,
potentially
impacting
both
mother
developing
fetus.
Understanding
mechanisms
which
antivirals
examination
pharmacokinetic
changes
pregnancy
that
influence
drug
metabolism
is
essential.
Some
research
indicates
antiretroviral
drugs
induce
mitochondrial
dysfunction
other
studies
suggest
their
use
generally
safe.
Therefore,
concerns
about
long-term
health
effects
persist.
This
review
delves
into
complex
interplay
between
antioxidant
defenses,
antiviral
therapies,
focusing
on
strategies
mitigate
potential
damage.
By
addressing
gaps
our
understanding,
we
highlight
importance
balancing
efficacy
with
risks
stress.
Moreover,
advocate
for
further
develop
safer,
more
effective
therapeutic
approaches
pregnancy.
dynamics
optimizing
outcomes
fetus
infections
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024
Lung
transplantation
offers
a
lifesaving
option
for
patients
with
end-stage
lung
disease,
but
it
is
marred
by
high
risk
of
post-transplant
infections,
particularly
involving
multidrug-resistant
bacteria,
Cytomegalovirus,
and
fungal
pathogens.
This
elevated
infection
rate,
the
highest
among
solid
organ
transplants,
poses
significant
challenge
clinicians,
within
first
year
post-transplantation,
where
infections
are
leading
cause
mortality.
The
direct
exposure
allografts
to
external
environment
exacerbates
this
vulnerability
constant
immune
stimulation
consequently
an
triggering
alloimmune
responses
allograft.
necessity
prolonged
immunosuppression
prevent
allograft
rejection
further
complicates
patient
management
increasing
susceptibility
neoplasms,
complicating
differentiation
between
infection,
which
require
diametrically
opposed
strategies.
review
explores
intricate
balance
preventing
managing
heightened
in
transplant
recipients.
The
emergence
of
SARS-CoV-2
has
precipitated
a
global
pandemic
with
substantial
long-term
health
implications,
including
the
condition
known
as
post-acute
sequelae
infection
(PASC),
commonly
referred
to
Long
COVID.
PASC
is
marked
by
persistent
symptoms
such
fatigue,
neurological
issues,
and
autonomic
dysfunction
that
persist
for
months
beyond
acute
phase
COVID-19.
This
review
examines
potential
role
herpesvirus
reactivation,
specifically
Epstein-Barr
virus
(EBV)
cytomegalovirus
(CMV),
in
pathogenesis
PASC.
Elevated
antibody
titers
specific
T
cell
responses
suggest
recent
reactivation
some
patients,
although
viremia
not
consistently
detected.
exhibits
endothelial
trophism,
directly
affecting
vascular
endothelium
contributing
microvascular
pathologies.
These
pathologies
are
significant
PASC,
where
may
underlie
various
chronic
symptoms.
Similarly,
herpesviruses
like
CMV
also
exhibit
which
exacerbate
damage
when
reactivated.
Evidence
suggests
EBV
could
indirectly
contribute
immune
dysregulation,
immunosenescence,
autoimmune
observed
Additionally,
play
genesis
through
creating
mitochondrial
dysfunction,
though
direct
confirmation
remains
elusive.
reviewed
evidence
while
their
indirect
effects,
especially
context
involvement,
warrant
further
investigation.
Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
103(42), С. e40140 - e40140
Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2024
The
prevalence
of
chronic
obstructive
pulmonary
disease
(COPD)
and
tuberculosis
(TB)
is
increasing
globally,
yet
their
comprehensive
impact
on
the
immune
system
remains
underexplored.
This
study
aimed
to
provide
a
thorough
assessment
status
patients
with
COPD
(TB-COPD),
including
conditions,
cell
responses,
changes
in
lymphocyte
subpopulations.
A
total
151
TB-COPD
were
included,
clinical
data
compared
between
group
TB
without
(TB-NCOPD).
Lung
imaging
findings
peripheral
blood
levels
2
groups.
Flow
cytometry
was
used
analyze
absolute
counts
incidence
lobe
lesions
cavitation
aged
70
years
or
older
significantly
higher
than
that
control
group.
At
level,
showed
significant
reduction
lymphocytes,
CD4+
T
lymphocytes
CD4+/CD8+
ratio.
Regardless
status,
count
CMV-infected
lower
uninfected
(P
<
.05).
Additionally,
ratio
+
CMV
Analysis
subpopulations
revealed
decrease
TB-COPD,
potentially
associated
inflammatory
state
induced
by
COPD.
one-month
treatment
outcomes
improvement
rate
70.58%,
which
38.92%
.001).
We
observed
increase
number
cavity
group,
suggesting
may
be
potential
risk
factor
for
formation
cavities
TB.
notable
implying
combined
affect
system,
leading
key
cells.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18
Опубликована: Дек. 10, 2024
The
COVID-19
pandemic,
caused
by
the
novel
coronavirus
SARS-CoV-2,
has
profoundly
impacted
global
health,
affecting
not
only
immediate
morbidity
and
mortality
rates
but
also
long-term
health
outcomes
across
various
populations.
Although
acute
effects
of
on
respiratory
system
have
initially
been
primary
focus,
it
is
increasingly
evident
that
virus
can
significant
impacts
multiple
physiological
systems,
including
nervous
immune
systems.
pandemic
highlighted
complex
interplay
between
viral
infection,
aging,
brain
potentially
accelerate
neuroimmune
aging
contribute
to
persistence
long
COVID
conditions.
By
inducing
chronic
inflammation,
immunosenescence,
neuroinflammation,
may
exacerbate
processes
leading
increased
risks
cognitive
decline,
neurodegenerative
diseases,
impaired
function.
Key
factors
include
dysregulation,
oxidative
stress,
disruption
cellular
processes.
These
overlapping
mechanisms
illustrate
how
induce
aging-related
processes,
an
risk
diseases
other
age-related
This
mini-review
examines
key
features
possible
COVID-19-induced
severity
COVID.
Understanding
these
interactions
crucial
for
developing
effective
interventions.
Anti-inflammatory
therapies,
neuroprotective
agents,
immunomodulatory
treatments,
lifestyle
interventions
all
hold
potential
mitigating
virus.
addressing
challenges,
we
improve
quality
life
millions
affected
pandemic.
Antioxidants,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(12), С. 1518 - 1518
Опубликована: Дек. 12, 2024
Oxidative
stress
plays
a
critical
role
in
various
physiological
and
pathological
processes,
particularly
during
pregnancy,
where
it
can
significantly
affect
maternal
fetal
health.
In
the
context
of
viral
infections,
such
as
those
caused
by
Human
Immunodeficiency
Virus
(HIV)
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2),
oxidative
may
exacerbate
complications
disrupting
cellular
function
immune
responses.
Antiviral
drugs,
while
essential
managing
these
also
contribute
to
stress,
potentially
impacting
both
mother
developing
fetus.
Understanding
mechanisms
which
antivirals
examination
pharmacokinetic
changes
pregnancy
that
influence
drug
metabolism
is
essential.
Some
research
indicates
antiretroviral
drugs
induce
mitochondrial
dysfunction
other
studies
suggest
their
use
generally
safe.
Therefore,
concerns
about
long-term
health
effects
persist.
This
review
delves
into
complex
interplay
between
antioxidant
defenses,
antiviral
therapies,
focusing
on
strategies
mitigate
potential
damage.
By
addressing
gaps
our
understanding,
we
highlight
importance
balancing
efficacy
with
risks
stress.
Moreover,
advocate
for
further
develop
safer,
more
effective
therapeutic
approaches
pregnancy.
dynamics
optimizing
outcomes
fetus
infections
