Glioblastoma: Clinical Presentation, Multidisciplinary Management, and Long-Term Outcomes

Cancers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(1), С. 146 - 146

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2025

Glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, presents a formidable challenge due to its rapid progression, treatment resistance, poor survival outcomes. Standard care typically involves maximal safe surgical resection, followed by fractionated external beam radiation therapy concurrent temozolomide chemotherapy. Despite these interventions, median remains approximately 12–15 months, with five-year rate below 10%. Prognosis is influenced factors such as patient age, molecular characteristics, extent of resection. Patients IDH-mutant tumors or methylated MGMT promoters generally have improved survival, while recurrent glioblastoma associated only six therapies cases are often palliative. Innovative treatments, including TTFields, add incremental benefits, extending around 20.9 months for eligible patients. Symptom management—addressing seizures, headaches, neurological deficits—alongside psychological support patients caregivers essential enhance quality life. Emerging targeted immunotherapies, though still limited efficacy, show promise part an evolving landscape. Continued research clinical trials remain crucial developing more effective treatments. This multidisciplinary approach, incorporating diagnostics, personalized therapy, supportive care, aims improve outcomes provides hopeful foundation advancing management.

Язык: Английский

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Recent Treatment Strategies and Molecular Pathways in Resistance Mechanisms of Antiangiogenic Therapies in Glioblastoma

Cancers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(17), С. 2975 - 2975

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2024

Malignant gliomas present great difficulties in treatment, with little change over the past 30 years median survival time of 15 months. Current treatment options include surgery, radiotherapy (RT), and chemotherapy. New therapies aimed at suppressing formation new vasculature (antiangiogenic treatments) or destroying formed tumor (vascular disrupting agents) show promise. This study summarizes existing knowledge regarding processes by which glioblastoma (GBM) tumors acquire resistance to antiangiogenic treatments. The discussion encompasses activation redundant proangiogenic pathways, heightened cell invasion metastasis, induced hypoxia, creation vascular mimicry channels, regulation immune microenvironment. Subsequently, we explore potential strategies overcome this resistance, such as combining other methods, personalizing treatments for each patient, focusing on therapeutic targets, incorporating immunotherapy, utilizing drug delivery systems based nanoparticles. Additionally, would like discuss limitations methods future directions enhance beneficial effects patients GBM. Therefore, review aims research outcome GBM provide a more promising opportunity thoroughly exploring mechanisms investigating novel strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Integrating Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry Classification with Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry to Unveil Glioblastoma Overall Survival Prediction

ACS Chemical Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain cancer with median survival of 15 months. Despite advancements in conventional treatment approaches such as surgery and chemotherapy, the prognosis remains poor. This study investigates use rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) for real-time overall time classification GBM samples uses matrix-assisted laser desorption imaging (MALDI-MSI) to compare lipidomic differences within tumors. A total 45 biopsies were analyzed develop prediction model IDH-wild type GBM. REIMS patterns from 28 patients classified 97.7% correct rate, identifying key discriminators between short-term (0–12 months) prolonged (>12 survivors. Cross-validation additional showed that correctly 66.7 69.4% accuracy, respectively. MALDI-MSI was performed confirm derived data. Results indicated 42 33 discriminating features survival, Proteomic profiling by isolating tumor regions via laser-capture microdissection (LMD) liquid chromatography-tandem (LC-MS/MS). Subsequently, 1387 proteins identified, which 79 significantly altered. In conclusion, this shows rapidly predicts glioblastoma times based on profiles during electrosurgical dissection. confirmed these specific region sections. LMD-guided LC-MS/MS-based proteomics revealed altered pathways survival. research, including comprehensive predictive GBM, could guide resection surgeries accurate tissue identification well provide insights into mechanisms, possibly related therapy response.

Язык: Английский

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Comprehensive review of drug resistance in mammalian cancer stem cells: implications for cancer therapy

Cancer Cell International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2024

Cancer remains a significant global challenge, and despite the numerous strategies developed to advance cancer therapy, an effective cure for metastatic elusive. A major hurdle in treatment success is ability of cells, particularly stem cells (CSCs), resist therapy. These CSCs possess unique abilities, including self-renewal, differentiation, repair, which drive tumor progression chemotherapy resistance. The resilience linked certain signaling pathways. Tumors with pathway-dependent often develop genetic resistance, whereas those pathway-independent undergo epigenetic changes that affect gene regulation. can evade cytotoxic drugs, radiation, apoptosis by increasing drug efflux transporter activity activating survival mechanisms. Future research should prioritize identification new biomarkers molecules better understand use cutting-edge approaches, such as bioinformatics, genomics, proteomics, nanotechnology, offers potential solutions this challenge. Key include developing targeted therapies, employing nanocarriers precise delivery, focusing on CSC-targeted pathways Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog Additionally, investigating multitarget inhibitors, immunotherapy, nanodrug delivery systems critical overcoming resistance cells.

Язык: Английский

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The role of lncRNAs in the interplay of signaling pathways and epigenetic mechanisms in glioma

Epigenomics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(2), С. 125 - 140

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2025

Gliomas, highly aggressive tumors of the central nervous system, present overwhelming challenges due to their heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), most malignant form, underscores this clinical urgency dismal prognosis despite treatment regimens. Recent advances in cancer research revealed signaling pathways epigenetic mechanisms that intricately govern glioma progression, offering multifaceted targets for intervention. This review explores dynamic interplay between events regulation context glioma, with a particular focus on crucial roles played by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Through direct indirect targeting, ncRNAs emerge as key regulators shaping molecular landscape glioblastoma across its various stages. By dissecting these intricate regulatory networks, novel patient-tailored strategies could be devised improve patient outcomes devastating disease.

Язык: Английский

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Mitochondrial DNA copy number alterations: Key players in the complexity of glioblastoma (Review)

Molecular Medicine Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(3)

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

Renowned as a highly invasive and lethal tumor derived from neural stem cells in the central nervous system, glioblastoma (GBM) exhibits substantial histopathological variation genomic complexity, which drive its rapid progression therapeutic resistance. Alterations mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number (CN) serve crucial role GBM development progression, affecting various aspects of biology, including energy production, oxidative stress regulation cellular adaptability. Fluctuations mtDNA levels, whether elevated or diminished, can impair function, potentially disrupting phosphorylation amplifying reactive oxygen species generation, thereby fueling growth influencing treatment responses. Understanding mechanisms mtDNA‑CN variations, their interplay with genetic environmental elements microenvironment, is essential for advancing diagnostic strategies. Targeting alterations could strengthen efficacy, mitigate resistance ultimately enhance prognosis patients this aggressive brain tumor. The present review summarizes existing literature on alterations, specifically emphasizing variations association by surveying articles published between 1996 2024, sourced databases such Scopus, PubMed Google Scholar. In addition, provides brief overview genome architecture, knowledge regarding integrity CN, how mitochondria significantly impact tumorigenesis. This further presents information approaches restoring that contribute to optimized function improved health outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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An Early Progression Biomarker in Glioblastoma: Microcirculatory Heterogeneity on Ultrasound Localization Microscopy

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Preclinical evaluation of several polymeric micelles identifies Soluplus®-docetaxel as the most effective candidate in multiple glioblastoma models

Journal of Controlled Release, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 113616 - 113616

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Unlocking the therapeutic potential of tumor-derived EVs in ischemia-reperfusion: a breakthrough perspective from glioma and stroke

Journal of Neuroinflammation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Март 15, 2025

Clinical studies have revealed a bidirectional relationship between glioma and ischemic stroke, with evidence of spatial overlap the two conditions. This connection arises from significant similarities in their pathological processes, including regulation cellular metabolism, inflammation, coagulation, hypoxia, angiogenesis, neural repair, all which involve common biological factors. A shared feature both diseases is crucial role extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediating intercellular communication. Extracellular vesicles, characteristic bilayer structure, encapsulate proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, shielding them enzymatic degradation by ribonucleases, deoxyribonucleases, proteases. structural protection facilitates long-distance communication multicellular organisms. In gliomas, EVs are pivotal intracranial signaling shaping tumor microenvironment. Importantly, cargos carried glioma-derived closely align factors involved underscoring substantial impact on stroke pathology, particularly through roles as key mediators this interaction. review explores interplay addressing clinical manifestations pathophysiological processes across stages onset, progression, recovery, particular focus these interactions.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanistic insights into CDCA gene family-mediated glioblastoma progression: implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic targeting

Hereditas, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 162(1)

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Abstract Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor characterized by poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving GBM progression essential for developing more effective diagnostic approaches. Specifically, investigating Cell Division Cycle-Associated (CDCA) genes offers new perspectives on cell cycle regulation proliferation of cells, which are key factors in growth resistance to treatment. These have not been extensively studied GBM, making them promising area targeted research potential interventions. This project was launched elucidate pathogenic, diagnostic, roles CDCA GBM. Methodology Total RNA extracted from lines followed RT-qPCR analyze expression genes. The validation, prognostic significance, mutational analysis were performed using various databases. Functional assays, including gene knockdown, colony formation, proliferation, wound healing, conducted U87MG cells assess role CDCA7 CDCA8 Results 12 6 normal revealed significant overexpression these ROC curve demonstrated excellent potential, with AUC values 1 most indicates that effectively distinguishes cells. Validation additional TCGA data confirmed upregulation tumors, association cancer-related pathways. Survival showed higher correlated patients. Mutation, CNV, methylation analyses alterations genes, further supporting their Additionally, linked immune modulation cycle-related functions, suggesting involvement evasion proliferation. Knockdown experiments reduction migration, highlighting as targets. Conclusion Overall, our findings suggest could serve both biomarkers targets

Язык: Английский

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