Cytokines and Madness: A Unifying Hypothesis of Schizophrenia Involving Interleukin-22 DOI Open Access
Adonis Sfera, Kyle Thomas,

Jacob Anton

и другие.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(22), С. 12110 - 12110

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2024

Schizophrenia is a severe neuropsychiatric illness of uncertain etiopathogenesis in which antipsychotic drugs can attenuate the symptoms, but patients rarely return to premorbid level functioning. In fact, with each relapse, people living schizophrenia progress toward disability and cognitive impairment. Moreover, our desire live normal lives, manage their daily affairs independently, date, get married, raise support family. Those us who work know that these objectives are met despite novel allegedly improved dopamine blockers. We hypothesize poor outcomes reflect gray matter volume reduction, continues treatment. further increased gut barrier permeability, due dysfunctional aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), downregulates protectors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interleukin-22 (IL-22), facilitating microbial translocation into systemic circulation, eventually reaching brain. Recombinant human IL-22 could ameliorate outcome by limiting bacterial initiating tissue repair. This short review examines signal transducer transcription-three (STAT3)/AhR axis downregulation BDNF subsequent increase permeability. Based on hypothesis presented here, we discuss alternative interventions, including AhR antagonists, mitochondrial transplant, membrane lipid replacement, recombinant IL-22.

Язык: Английский

Cytokines and Madness: A Unifying Hypothesis of Schizophrenia Involving Interleukin-22 DOI Open Access
Adonis Sfera, Kyle Thomas,

Jacob Anton

и другие.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(22), С. 12110 - 12110

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2024

Schizophrenia is a severe neuropsychiatric illness of uncertain etiopathogenesis in which antipsychotic drugs can attenuate the symptoms, but patients rarely return to premorbid level functioning. In fact, with each relapse, people living schizophrenia progress toward disability and cognitive impairment. Moreover, our desire live normal lives, manage their daily affairs independently, date, get married, raise support family. Those us who work know that these objectives are met despite novel allegedly improved dopamine blockers. We hypothesize poor outcomes reflect gray matter volume reduction, continues treatment. further increased gut barrier permeability, due dysfunctional aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), downregulates protectors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interleukin-22 (IL-22), facilitating microbial translocation into systemic circulation, eventually reaching brain. Recombinant human IL-22 could ameliorate outcome by limiting bacterial initiating tissue repair. This short review examines signal transducer transcription-three (STAT3)/AhR axis downregulation BDNF subsequent increase permeability. Based on hypothesis presented here, we discuss alternative interventions, including AhR antagonists, mitochondrial transplant, membrane lipid replacement, recombinant IL-22.

Язык: Английский

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