Understanding Neovascularization in Glioblastoma: Insights from the Current Literature
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(6), С. 2763 - 2763
Опубликована: Март 19, 2025
Glioblastomas
(GBMs),
among
the
most
aggressive
and
resilient
brain
tumors,
characteristically
exhibit
high
angiogenic
potential,
leading
to
formation
of
a
dense
yet
aberrant
vasculature,
both
morphologically
functionally.
With
these
premises,
numerous
expectations
were
initially
placed
on
anti-angiogenic
therapies,
soon
dashed
by
their
limited
efficacy
in
concretely
improving
patient
outcomes.
Neovascularization
GBM
emerged
as
complex,
dynamic,
heterogeneous
process,
hard
manage
with
classical
standard
care.
Growing
evidence
has
revealed
existence
non-canonical
strategies
angiogenesis,
variously
exploited
meet
its
ever-increasing
metabolic
demand
differently
involved
tumor
progression,
recurrence,
escape
from
treatments.
In
this
review,
we
provide
an
accurate
description
each
neovascularization
mode
encountered
tumors
date,
highlighting
molecular
players
signaling
cascades
primarily
involved.
We
also
detail
key
architectural
functional
aspects
characteristic
vascular
compartment
because
intricate
crosstalk
between
different
networks.
Additionally,
explore
repertoire
emerging
therapies
against
that
are
currently
under
study,
concluding
question:
faced
such
challenging
scenario,
could
combined
tailored
patient’s
genetic
signatures,
represent
effective
game
changer?
Язык: Английский
Unlocking the Code: The Role of Molecular and Genetic Profiling in Revolutionizing Glioblastoma Treatment
Cancer Treatment and Research Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
43, С. 100881 - 100881
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Glioblastoma
(GBM)
is
the
most
aggressive
primary
brain
cancer,
characterized
by
profound
molecular
and
cellular
heterogeneity,
which
contributes
to
its
resistance
conventional
therapies
poor
prognosis.
Despite
multimodal
treatments
including
surgical
resection,
radiation,
chemotherapy,
median
survival
remains
approximately
15
months.
Recent
advances
in
genetic
profiling
have
elucidated
key
alterations
subtypes
of
GBM,
such
as
EGFR
amplification,
PTEN
ATRX
loss,
TP53
alterations,
significant
prognostic
therapeutic
implications.
These
discoveries
spurred
development
targeted
aimed
at
disrupting
aberrant
signaling
pathways
like
RTK/RAS/PI3K
TP53.
However,
treatment
a
formidable
challenge,
driven
tumor
complex
microenvironment
(TME),
intrinsic
adaptive
mechanisms.
Emerging
approaches
aim
address
these
challenges,
use
immunotherapies
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
CAR
T-cell
therapies,
target
specific
antigens
but
face
hurdles
due
immunosuppressive
TME.
Additionally,
novel
strategies
biopolymer-based
interstitial
focused
ultrasound
for
blood-brain
barrier
disruption,
nanoparticle-based
drug
delivery
systems
show
promise
enhancing
efficacy
precision
GBM
treatments.
This
review
explores
evolving
landscape
therapy,
emphasizing
importance
personalized
medicine
through
profiling,
potential
combination
need
innovative
overcome
resistance.
Continued
research
into
GBM's
biology
modalities
offers
hope
improving
patient
outcomes.
Язык: Английский