The gut microbiome, immune modulation, and cognitive decline: insights on the gut-brain axis
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025
The
gut
microbiome
has
emerged
as
a
pivotal
area
of
research
due
to
its
significant
influence
on
the
immune
system
and
cognitive
functions.
Cognitive
disorders,
including
dementia
Parkinson’s
disease,
represent
substantial
global
health
challenges.
This
review
explores
relationship
between
microbiota,
modulation,
decline,
with
particular
focus
gut-brain
axis.
Research
indicates
that
bacteria
produce
metabolites,
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs),
which
affect
mucosal
immunity,
antigen
presentation,
responses,
thereby
influencing
A
noteworthy
correlation
been
identified
imbalances
in
impairments,
suggesting
novel
pathways
for
treatment
disorders.
Additionally,
factors
such
diet,
environment,
pharmaceuticals
play
role
shaping
composition
microbiome,
subsequently
impacting
both
health.
article
aims
clarify
complex
interactions
among
regulation,
evaluating
their
potential
therapeutic
targets.
goal
is
promote
microbiome-based
treatments
lay
groundwork
future
this
field.
Язык: Английский
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S- or H2Sn-Polysulfides) in Synaptic Plasticity: Modulation of NMDA Receptors and Neurotransmitter Release in Learning and Memory
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(7), С. 3131 - 3131
Опубликована: Март 28, 2025
Hydrogen
sulfide
(H2S)
has
emerged
as
a
pivotal
gaseous
transmitter
in
the
central
nervous
system,
influencing
synaptic
plasticity,
learning,
and
memory
by
modulating
various
molecular
pathways.
This
review
examines
recent
evidence
regarding
how
H2S
regulates
NMDA
receptor
function
neurotransmitter
release
neuronal
circuits.
By
synthesizing
findings
from
animal
cellular
models,
we
investigate
impacts
of
enzymatic
production
exogenous
on
excitatory
currents,
long-term
potentiation,
intracellular
calcium
signaling.
Data
suggest
that
interacts
directly
with
subunits,
altering
excitability.
Simultaneously,
promotes
neurotransmitters
such
glutamate
GABA,
shaping
dynamics
plasticity.
Furthermore,
reports
indicate
disruptions
metabolism
contribute
to
cognitive
impairments
neurodegenerative
disorders,
underscoring
potential
therapeutic
value
targeting
H2S-mediated
Although
precise
mechanisms
H2S-induced
changes
strength
remain
elusive,
growing
body
positions
significant
regulator
formation
processes.
calls
for
more
rigorous
exploration
into
underpinnings
paving
way
novel
pharmacological
interventions
dysfunction.
Язык: Английский
Role of Microbiota-Derived Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) in Modulating the Gut–Brain Axis: Implications for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease Pathogenesis
Biomedicines,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(12), С. 2670 - 2670
Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2024
Microbiota-derived
hydrogen
sulfide
(H2S)
plays
a
crucial
role
in
modulating
the
gut–brain
axis,
with
significant
implications
for
neurodegenerative
diseases
such
as
Alzheimer’s
and
Parkinson’s.
H2S
is
produced
by
sulfate-reducing
bacteria
gut
acts
critical
signaling
molecule
influencing
brain
health
via
various
pathways,
including
regulating
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
immune
responses.
maintains
barrier
integrity
at
physiological
levels
prevents
systemic
which
could
impact
neuroinflammation.
However,
has
dual
or
Janus
face,
excessive
production,
often
resulting
from
dysbiosis,
can
compromise
intestinal
exacerbate
processes
promoting
neuroinflammation
glial
cell
dysfunction.
This
imbalance
linked
to
early
pathogenesis
of
Parkinson’s
diseases,
where
overproduction
exacerbates
beta-amyloid
deposition,
tau
hyperphosphorylation,
alpha-synuclein
aggregation,
driving
neuroinflammatory
responses
neuronal
damage.
Targeting
microbiota
restore
homeostasis
through
dietary
interventions,
probiotics,
prebiotics,
fecal
transplantation
presents
promising
therapeutic
approach.
By
rebalancing
microbiota-derived
H2S,
these
strategies
may
mitigate
neurodegeneration
offer
novel
treatments
underscoring
axis
maintaining
central
nervous
system
health.
Язык: Английский