International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(7), С. 2906 - 2906
Опубликована: Март 23, 2025
Interferon Regulatory Factors (IRFs) are critical modulators of immune and inflammatory responses, yet their roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) other neurodegenerative disorders remain incompletely understood. While IRFs recognized for regulatory functions neuroinflammation, microglial activation, neuronal survival, dual as both drivers pathological inflammation mediators neuroprotective pathways underscore a sophisticated paradox disorders. This review aims to synthesize current evidence on IRF-mediated neuroinflammation AD related diseases, focusing the multifaceted key IRF family members, including IRF1, IRF3, IRF7. We critically evaluate divergent roles: IRF1 instance, exacerbate neuroinflammatory cascades amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathology AD, whereas IRF7 may paradoxically suppress under specific conditions. Additionally, we explore dysregulation Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral Huntington's emphasizing shared distinct mechanisms across Restoring balance through genetic manipulation, small-molecule inhibitors, or microbiome-derived could attenuate enhance Aβ clearance, protect integrity. Ultimately, this work provides framework future research harness signaling development precision therapies diseases.
Язык: Английский