Nanoparticles of Natural Product-derived Medicines: Beyond the Pandemic

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(4), С. e42739 - e42739

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

This review explores the synergistic potential of natural products and nanotechnology for viral infections, highlighting key antiviral, immunomodulatory, antioxidant properties to combat pandemics caused by highly infectious viruses. These often result in severe public health crises, particularly affecting vulnerable populations due respiratory complications increased mortality rates. A cytokine storm is initiated when an overload pro-inflammatory cytokines chemokines released, leading a systemic inflammatory response. Viral mutations limited availability effective drugs, vaccines, therapies contribute continuous transmission virus. The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has sparked renewed interest product-derived antivirals. efficacy traditional medicines against infections examined. Their anti-inflammatory, are highlighted. discusses how enhances herbal combating infections.

Язык: Английский

---

The Role of Memory T-Cell Mediated Immunity in Long-term COVID-19: Effects of Vaccination Status.

PubMed, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 50(2), С. 61 - 68

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

T-cell-mediated immunity is essential for controlling severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV2) infection, preventing disease, and potentially reducing the risk of long-term disease (COVID). This study investigated impact natural vaccination, hybrid on T-cell responses, with a particular emphasis role memory T-cells in COVID-19. The present reviewed current literature including development, individuals SARS-CoV-2 those vaccinated messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, immunity. It examined studies that compared activity, immune regulation, prevalence COVID-19 across these groups. Natural infection induces variable cases showing stronger but sometimes dysregulated immunological which may contribute to prolonged Vaccination, particularly mRNA elicits targeted consistent T-cells, severity, incidence Hybrid combines provides most robust protection, enhanceds reduces through balanced regulation. Memory play critical mitigating Vaccination significantly enhances immunity, minimizing chronic symptoms alone. effective defense, emphasizing importance even after prevent

Язык: Английский

---

Effects of QazVac Vaccination on Immune and Clinical Characteristics in Patients With and Without Long COVID-19

West Kazakhstan Medical Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 67(1), С. 24 - 41

Опубликована: Март 25, 2025

Long COVID-19 is characterized by the persistence of symptoms and immune alterations beyond acute phase SARS-CoV-2 infection. Understanding demographic, clinical, immunological differences between individuals with without long crucial for developing targeted interventions. This observational study included 206 participants, comprising 90 patients 116 without. Data on lifestyle, clinical characteristics were collected, alongside cell profiles antibody levels. Statistical analyses compared these parameters two groups. predominantly female (77.8%), older (47.78% aged 41–60, 20% >60 years), had higher BMI, hypertension (31.1%), autoimmune diseases (11.1%) to nonlong (P < 0.001). Clinical unique memory loss (40.0%), hair (37.8%), fatigue (35.6%), myalgia/arthralgia (28.9%), all absent in control group Immunologically, exhibited distinct profiles, including elevated cytotoxic T cells (CD3+CD8+), reduced B cells, CD4/CD8 ratios. Moreover, levels, 15.5% showing levels 1000–2500 BAU/ml, 6.9% controls. These biomarkers, altered subsets highlight complex dysregulation associated COVID-19. findings could inform future management therapeutic strategies targeting modulation.

Язык: Английский

---

Immune Dysregulation in HIV and COVID‐19 Co‐infection: Therapeutic Implications

Immunity Inflammation and Disease, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Co-infection with HIV and SARS-CoV-2 presents a complex clinical picture. Deciphering the immune response in this population, particularly role of cytokines underlying immunopathogenesis could elucidates development targeted therapeutic interventions. This prospective, two-stage study enrolled 75 individuals diagnosed COVID-19 (case group) 25 from general population infected only (control group). diagnosis followed World Health Organization guidelines. Plasma cytokine levels were measured using bead array. The case group skewed slightly females (61.2% vs. 42.9% female control an average age 3 years older (44.13 40.86 years). Importantly, all participants had mild complications, while significant majority (88.1%) experienced severe complications. displayed substantially higher IgM titer 963 IU/mL compared to 39.3 group. significantly IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α suggests potentially distinct HIV-positive patients when SARS-CoV-2. Elucidating these differences lead more effective treatment strategies for vulnerable population.

Язык: Английский

---

The levels of inflammatory, angiogenic, and stress biomarkers in plasma of donors depending on anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine), Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(2), С. 112 - 120

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, has led to widespread illness and global health challenges. While phase of infection been extensively studied, long-term effects, particularly in individuals who have recovered, remain unclear. Post-acute complications SARS-CoV-2 involves prolonged symptoms systemic disorders, including persistent inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, immune dysregulation, which often last for months. Among key factors contributing these conditions, there are pro-inflammatory cytokines, growth involved angiogenesis, hypoxia-inducible stress-related proteins, play a significant role tissue repair response modulation. The research aimed evaluate degree determine levels pro-angiogenic factors, сellular hypoxia marker HIF-1α, heat shock such as HSP60 HSP70, plasma healthy donors recovered from COVID-19, with particular focus on relationship between biomarkers anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers. Materials methods. This ages 25 45 years, had COVID-19 at least 3 6 months prior beginning study. All patients were divided into groups based their inflammatory TNF-α, transcription factor NF-κB, angiogenic VEGF, PDGF FGF-2, hypoxic proteins measured enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Group differences analyzed using ANOVA Tukey’s test or Kruskal-Wallis Dunn’s test, presenting results median interquartile range, significance p ≤ 0.05. Results. study found parameters among donor varying There was an increase markers, TNF-α higher PDGF, FGF-2 showed distinct patterns, VEGF generally reduced, except group titers 95 ± 5 125 10 Index (S/C), where they significantly increased. notably 175 (S/C). HIF-1α also increased 75 (S/C) compared those without IgG. In contrast, HSP70 reduced all reference group, could indicate possible abnormalities mechanisms stress after COVID-19. Conclusions. Our suggest that activation, angiogenesis-related pathways crucial pathogenesis post-COVID-19 complications, underscoring need therapeutic strategies address chronic impaired recovery.

Язык: Английский

---

Increased Rheumatoid Factor production in patients with severe COVID-19

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 109(3), С. 116284 - 116284

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Long-term changes in the phenotype and cytokine production of monocytes in COVID-19 recovered and vaccinated individuals

Infection and Immunity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 92(7)

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2024

Monocytes play a crucial role in the immune response against pathogens. Here, we sought to determine COVID-19 and vaccine Gam-COVID-Vac induce long-term changes phenotype cytokine production of circulating monocytes. were purified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells healthy donors who had not or vaccination, received two doses Gam-COVID-Vac, mild/moderate last 6 months evaluated by flow cytometry. To investigate effect SARS-CoV-2 proteins, monocytes cultured for 2 days with without stimulation recombinant S1 N peptides. obtained vaccinated recovered individuals showed increased basal expression HLA-DR, CD63, CXCR2, TLR7. We also observed an frequency CD63

Язык: Английский

---

Altered Body Composition and Cytokine Production in Patients with Elevated HOMA-IR after SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A 12-Month Longitudinal Study

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(7), С. 1581 - 1581

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024

Altered body composition and cytokine production due to SARS-CoV-2 antigens may affect homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) after infection. To elucidate this phenomenon, we conducted a longitudinal study involving 47 COVID-19 patients, who were followed up 12 months. During recruitment, glucose indices measured, heparin blood samples collected measuring production. HOMA-IR was considered an elevated or non-elevated group based on the ratio between at months 1 month of convalescence. Those with had significantly higher mass index, fat percentage, visceral rating lower lean lean/fat than their counterparts. convalescent period, TNFα, IFNγ, IL-2, IL-10, granzyme B expression levels but TNFα/IL-10, IFNγ/IL-10, IL-2/IL-10, B/IL-10 ratios other group. The reduced pro-/anti-inflammatory imbalance in patients suggest immune cell dysfunction toward SARS-CoV-2. Patients infection experience increase BMI leading increased chronic inflammatory condition. A nutritional approach promotion physical activity help reduce ameliorate these patients.

Язык: Английский

---

Developing a clinical-pathological framework of long COVID-related fatigue applied to public safety workers

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024

In the wake of COVID-19 pandemic, millions worldwide are still struggling with persistent or recurring symptoms known as long COVID. Fatigue is one most prevalent associated COVID, and for many it can be debilitating. Understanding potential pathological processes that link fatigue to COVID critical better guide treatment. Challenges diagnosis treatment reviewed, recognizing post-COVID does not always present corroborating clinical evidence, a situation frustrating both patients healthcare providers. Firefighters group public safety workers who particularly impacted by COVID-related fatigue. must able engage in strenuous physical activity deal demanding psychological situations, which may difficult those suffering from Disruption worker health potentially impact community welfare. This review creates framework explain clinical-pathological features resulting addresses challenges, explores unique pose their organizations.

Язык: Английский

---

Severe acute hepatitis due to hepatitis A virus in adults: Further evidence and a clarion call

Indian Journal of Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2024

Язык: Английский

---