IET Generation Transmission & Distribution,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
18(6), С. 1283 - 1301
Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2023
Abstract
The
ongoing
electrification
of
road
transportation
sector,
which
is
expected
to
continue
strongly
increase
over
the
next
years,
will
result
in
connection
a
significant
number
electric
vehicle
(EV)
chargers
LV
and
MV
distribution
networks,
particularly
residential
applications
with
on‐board
(“slow”)
EV
chargers.
In
order
evaluate
loading
limits
existing
networks
for
maximum
that
can
be
safely
connected
(commonly
denoted
as
network
“hosting
capacity”,
HC),
this
paper
introduces
general
approach
determine
one
commonly
used
design
parameter
(after‐diversity
demand,
ADMD)
new
(maximum
daily
energy
MDED),
are
both
obtained
from
load
profiles
per‐hour
demands
uncontrolled
charging.
presented
uses
actual
charging
data
UK
inputs
Monte
Carlo
simulations
generate
arbitrary
numbers
EVs,
enabling
identify
related
ADMD,
MDED
demand
values,
well
their
seasonal
variations.
assessed
hourly
then
combined
available
before
EVs
(“pre‐EV
demands”),
where
coincidental
noncoincidental
evaluated
against
static
thermal
rating
(STR)
dynamic
(DTR)
components
(transformers
overhead
lines),
taking
into
account
relevant
weather/ambient
conditions.
This
HC
Finally,
evaluating
resulting
values
STR
DTR
allows
select
particular
scheduling
method
controlled
charging,
gives
absolute
considered
network,
is,
fully
illustrated
on
example
IEEE
33‐bus
test
(modelled
using
typical
components),
pre‐EV
taken
recordings
at
substation,
ambient
Met
Office
weather
station.
Obtained
results
allow
range
lower
upper
limits,
correlated
allocations
firm
non‐firm
HC,
respectively.
IET Renewable Power Generation,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
19(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Abstract
The
increasing
penetration
of
electric
vehicles
will
be
accompanied
for
a
wide
deployment
charging
infrastructures.
Large
demand
brings
formidable
challenges
to
existing
power
networks,
driving
them
near
their
operational
limits.
In
this
regard,
it
becomes
pivotal
developing
novel
energy
management
strategies
active
distribution
networks
that
take
into
account
the
strategic
behaviour
parking
lots.
This
paper
focuses
on
issue,
tool
encompassing
distributed
generators
and
new
proposal
casts
as
tri‐level
game
equilibrium
framework
where
profit
maximization
lots
is
implicitly
considered,
thus
ensuring
network‐level
decisions
do
not
detract
owners.
original
model
reduced
tractable
single‐level
mixed‐integer‐linear
programming
by
combining
equivalent
primal‐dual
first‐order
optimality
conditions
network
models.
way,
can
solved
using
off‐the‐shelf
solvers,
with
superiority
against
other
approaches
like
metaheuristics.
developed
validated
in
well‐known
33‐,
85‐bus
radial
systems.
Results
show
that,
even
under
unfavourable
limited
generation,
maximized,
preserving
interests
Moreover,
further
through
number
simulations,
showing
its
effectiveness.
Finally,
demonstrated
scales
well
size
system,
easing
implementation
real‐life
applications.
Biomimetics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
8(5), С. 426 - 426
Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2023
Subversive
environmental
impacts
and
limited
amounts
of
conventional
forms
energy
necessitate
the
utilization
renewable
energies
(REs).
Unfortunately,
REs
such
as
solar
wind
are
intermittent,
so
they
should
be
stored
in
other
to
used
during
their
absence.
One
finest
storage
techniques
for
is
based
on
hydrogen
generation
via
an
electrolyzer
abundance,
then
electricity
by
fuel
cell
(FC)
With
reference
advantages
proton
exchange
membrane
(PEM-FC),
this
preferred
over
kinds
FCs.
The
output
power
PEM-FC
not
constant,
since
it
depends
pressure,
temperature,
electric
load.
Therefore,
a
maximum
point
tracking
(MPPT)
system
utilized
with
PEM-FC.
previously
have
some
disadvantages,
slowness
response
largeness
each
oscillation,
overshoot
undershoot,
article
addresses
innovative
MPPT
using
consecutive
controller
made
up
proportional-integral
(PI)
proportional-derivative
(PD)
controllers
whose
gains
tuned
golden
jackal
optimization
algorithm
(GJOA).
Simulation
results
when
applying
GJOA-PI-PD
reveal
its
approaches
according
quickness
response,
smallness
oscillations,
tininess
undershoot.
resulting
smaller
than
that
perturb
observe,
GJOA-PID,
GJOA-FOPID
98.26%,
86.30%,
89.07%,
respectively.
Additionally,
fitness
function
aforementioned
93.95%,
87.17%,
87.97%,
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Июль 31, 2024
In
this
paper,
a
new
algorithm
named
the
improved
transient
search
optimization
(ITSOA)
is
utilized
to
solve
classical
test
functions,
optimize
consumption
of
building
energy,
and
hybrid
energy
system
production.
The
conventional
TSOA
draws
inspiration
from
fleeting
behavior
electrical
circuits
with
storage
components.
Rosenbrock's
direct
rotation
technique
used
improve
traditional
performance
against
exploration
exploitation
unbalance.
First,
ITSOA
investigated
in
solving
23
benchmark
outcomes
have
shown
superior
capability
recommended
comparison
TSOA,
DMO,
SHO,
GA,
MRFO,
PSO
methods.
Also,
proficiency
verified
(BEO)
problem
for
minimizing
usage
two
simple
detailed
buildings.
results
showed
that
optimized
solutions
single
multi-objective
optimizations
compared
obtained
lower
value
cost
function.
superiority
has
been
confirmed
BEO
previous
Moreover,
able
determine
ultimate
solution
among
Pareto
front
set
based
on
fuzzy
decision-making
approach
utilization
decisions.
Mathematics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11(8), С. 1954 - 1954
Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2023
Wind
farms
have
gained
wide
attention
due
to
unlimited
resources
and
clean
energy.
Considering
that
wind
turbine
systems
are
always
in
harsh
conditions,
subsystem
failures
could
reduce
the
reliability
of
systems.
At
present,
maintenance
behaviors
for
various
(e.g.,
corrective
maintenance,
preventive
maintenance)
when
is
reduced
below
threshold.
cost
downtime,
it
impossible
repair
each
component
a
timely
manner.
One
key
problems
dividing
components
into
groups
improve
efficiency.
In
this
paper,
grouping
policy
considering
variable
(GMP-VC)
proposed
direct-drive
permanent
magnet
(DPM)
Grouping
modes
fully
consider
stated
transition
probability
A
model
formulated
select
as
members
group
based
on
RIM-VC
index.
An
instance
given
verify
GMP-VC
method.
The
result
indicates
may
save
costs
over
baseline
plans.
