C-Reactive Protein: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, False Test Results and a Novel Diagnostic Algorithm for Clinicians

Diseases, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(4), С. 132 - 132

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2023

The current literature provides a body of evidence on C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and its potential role in inflammation. However, most pieces are sparse controversial. This critical state-of-the-art monography all the crucial data biochemical properties protein, along with further pathobiology, both for pentameric monomeric forms, including information ligands as well possible function autoantibodies against protein. Furthermore, utility biomarker various diseases is presented, cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatobiliary, gastrointestinal, pancreatic, renal, gynecological, andrological, dental, oral, otorhinolaryngological, ophthalmological, dermatological, musculoskeletal, neurological, mental, splenic, thyroid conditions, infections, autoimmune-supposed conditions neoplasms, other factors that have been linked elevated concentrations Moreover, molecular diagnostics CRP discussed, etiologies false test results highlighted. Additionally, this review evaluates systemic inflammation, highlights future goals. Finally, novel diagnostic algorithm to carefully assess level precise diagnosis medical condition illustrated.

Язык: Английский

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Gut dysbiosis in patients with chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024

Introduction Recent evidence supports the contribution of gut microbiota dysbiosis to pathophysiology rheumatic diseases, neuropathic pain, and neurodegenerative disorders. The bidirectional gut-brain communication network occurrence chronic pain both involve contributions autonomic nervous system hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis. Nevertheless, current understanding association between is still not clear. Therefore, aim this study systematically evaluate existing knowledge about alterations in conditions. Methods Four databases were consulted for systematic literature review: PubMed, Web Science, Scopus, Embase. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used assess risk bias. protocol prospectively registered at International prospective register reviews (PROSPERO, CRD42023430115). Alpha-diversity, β-diversity, relative abundance different taxonomic levels summarized qualitatively, quantitatively if possible. Results initial database search identified a total 3544 unique studies, which 21 studies eventually included review 11 meta-analysis. Decreases alpha-diversity revealed patients compared controls several metrics: observed species (SMD= -0.201, 95% CI from -0.04 -0.36, p=0.01), Shannon index -0.27, -0.11 -0.43, p<0.001), faith phylogenetic diversity (SMD -0.35, -0.08 -0.61, p=0.01). Inconsistent results beta-diversity. A decrease Lachnospiraceae family, genus Faecalibacterium Roseburia , prausnitzii Odoribacter splanchnicus as well an increase Eggerthella spp., controls. Discussion Indications patients, with non-specific disease microbes. Systematic registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ identifier CRD42023430115.

Язык: Английский

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Gut-Microbiota, and Multiple Sclerosis: Background, Evidence, and Perspectives

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(4), С. 942 - 942

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2023

Many scientific studies reveal a significant connection between human intestinal microbiota, eating habits, and the development of chronic-degenerative diseases; therefore, alterations in composition function microbiota may be accompanied by different chronic inflammatory mechanisms. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an demyelinating disease central nervous system (CNS), which autoreactive immune cells attack myelin sheaths neurons. The purpose this paper was to describe main changes that occur gut MS patients, with focus on both its implications for health disease, as well variables influence it. Another point stressed role triggering factor modulate responses innate adaptive systems, intestine brain. In addition, comprehensive overview taxa modified presented, some points modulation therapeutic approach MS. Finally, significance gastro-intestinal pains (indirectly related dysbiosis) assessed using case study (questionnaire patients), willingness patients probiotics.

Язык: Английский

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Dysbiosis of the Subgingival Microbiome and Relation to Periodontal Disease in Association with Obesity and Overweight

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(4), С. 826 - 826

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2023

Obesity causes gut dysbiosis; nevertheless, little is known about the oral microbiome. We aimed to identify differences in subgingival microbiota influenced by body weight and periodontal status. Patients (n = 75) recruited at University Dental Hospital Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, were distributed into three equal groups (healthy weight, overweight, obese) sub-divided having either no-mild (NM) or moderate-severe (MS) periodontitis. Subgingival plaques collected. Microbiota identified 16S rRNA sequencing using nanopore technology. Linear discriminant analysis demonstrated significant bacterial biomarkers for health. Unique signatures identified, with enrichment of periopathogens patients MS periodontitis (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans obese, Tannerella forsythia Treponema denticola Porphyromonas gingivalis Fusobacterium nucleatum healthy weight), thus reflecting affected weight. Other pathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella enterica Klebsiella pneumoniae, enriched overweight subjects NM periodontitis, suggesting an increase relative abundance pathogens even good health if they overweight. Alpha beta diversities significantly different among groups. Dysbiosis obese individuals was associated increased prevalence severity disease, which correlated mass index. This study highlights immense importance microbiome need lifestyle dental interventions resolve dysbiosis restore normal homeostasis.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Dysbiosis in Common Skin Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(4), С. 1984 - 1984

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

Dermatoses are an increasingly common problem, particularly in developed countries. The causes of this phenomenon include genetic factors and environmental elements. More more scientific reports suggest that the gut microbiome, specifically its dysbiosis, also plays important role induction progression diseases, including dermatological diseases. microbiome is recognised as largest endocrine organ, has a key function maintaining human homeostasis. In review, authors will take close look at link between gut-skin axis pathogenesis dermatoses such atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata, acne. focus on probiotics remodelling alleviation dermatoses.

Язык: Английский

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Smart bionanomaterials for treatment and diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease

Nanotechnology Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses a group of chronic inflammatory disorders that affect the gastrointestinal tract, with Crohn’s and ulcerative colitis being primary subtypes. Diagnosis treatment IBD are challenging due to their unknown etiology complex pathology. Smart bionanomaterials, which biocompatible nanometer-sized materials respond external stimuli, can be used in diagnosis diseases. In context IBD, these deliver drugs, primarily aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, as well live probiotics inflamed parts intestine, specific focus on colon. The controlled release drugs triggered by conditions present IBD-affected such inflammation, anaerobic environment, neutral pH, gut microbiota. This article provides an overview use smart including hydrogels, nanoparticles, nanofibers, hybrid systems. It discusses manufacturing process ability active ingredients response various temperature, reactive oxygen species, magnetic field, biomolecules, for IBD. We also describe probiotics, have been genetically engineered recognize stimuli synthesize recombinant proteins qualitative or quantitative exploited diagnostic applications, some examples already developed. bionanomaterials offer several advantages, encapsulation, targeted delivery, responsiveness release. These features make them valuable adjunct tool

Язык: Английский

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The Effect of Dietary Types on Gut Microbiota Composition and Development of Non-Communicable Diseases: A Narrative Review

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(18), С. 3134 - 3134

Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2024

Introduction: The importance of diet in shaping the gut microbiota is well established and may help improve an individual’s overall health. Many other factors, such as genetics, age, exercise, antibiotic therapy, or tobacco use, also play a role influencing microbiota. Aim: This narrative review summarizes how three distinct dietary types (plant-based, Mediterranean, Western) affect composition development non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web Science, Scopus databases, focusing on keywords “dietary pattern”, “gut microbiota” “dysbiosis”. Results: Both plant-based Mediterranean diets have been shown to promote production beneficial bacterial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), while simultaneously lowering concentrations trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), molecule associated with negative health outcomes. Additionally, they positive impact microbial diversity therefore are generally considered healthy types. On hand, Western typical example unhealthy nutritional approach leading overgrowth pathogenic bacteria, where TMAO levels rise SCFA drops due dysbiosis. Conclusion: current scientific consistently highlights superiority over promoting preventing NCDs. Understanding influence modulation pave way for novel therapeutic strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Probiotics and gut microbiota modulation: implications for skin health and disease management

Archives of Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 207(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Homeostasis and Dysbiosis of the Intestinal Microbiota: Comparing Hallmarks of a Healthy State with Changes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(12), С. 2405 - 2405

Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2022

The gut microbiota, which represent a community of different microorganisms in the human intestinal tract, are crucial to preserving health by participating various physiological functions and acting as metabolic organ. In conditions, microbiota-host partnership exerts homeostatic stability; however, changes microbiota composition (dysbiosis) an important factor pathogenesis inflammatory bowel disease its two main entities: ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease. incidence prevalence these conditions have increased rapidly last decade, becoming significant problem for healthcare system true challenge finding novel therapeutic solutions. issue is that, despite numerous studies, etiopathogenesis not completely clear. Based on current knowledge, chronic inflammation occurs due altered environmental factors, well complex interplay between genetic predisposition host inappropriate innate acquired immune response. It note that development biological immunomodulatory therapy has led progress treating Certain lifestyle approaches-including fecal transplantation nutritional supplementation with probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics-have offered solutions dysbiosis management paved way towards restoring healthy microbiome, only minimal long-term unfavorable effects.

Язык: Английский

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Prediction and causal inference of hyperuricemia using gut microbiota

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2024

Abstract Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a symptom of high blood uric acid (UA) levels, which causes disorders such as gout and renal urinary calculus. Prolonged HUA often associated with hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease. Studies have shown that gut microbiota (GM) affect these diseases. This study aimed to determine the relationship between GM. The microbiome 224 men 254 women aged 40 years was analyzed through next-generation sequencing machine learning. We obtained GM data 16S rRNA-based fecal samples, finding alpha-diversity by Shannon index significantly low in group. Linear discriminant effect size analysis detected abundance genera Collinsella Faecalibacterium non-HUA groups. Based on light gradient boosting learning, we propose can be predicted AUC using four clinical characteristics relative nine bacterial genera, including Dorea . In addition, causal relationships direct linear non-Gaussian acyclic model indicated positive genus UA levels. Our results suggest abundant increase

Язык: Английский

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