Sarcopenia and Cardiogeriatrics: The Links Between Skeletal Muscle Decline and Cardiovascular Aging

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(2), С. 282 - 282

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

Sarcopenia, an age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, is increasingly recognized as a significant condition the aging population, particularly among those with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This review provides comprehensive synthesis of interplay between sarcopenia cardiogeriatrics, emphasizing shared mechanisms such chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging), hormonal dysregulation, oxidative stress, physical inactivity. Despite advancements diagnostic frameworks, EWGSOP2 AWGS definitions, variability criteria assessment methods continues to challenge standardization. Key tools include dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) bioimpedance analysis (BIA) for alongside functional measures grip strength gait speed. The highlights bidirectional relationship conditions heart failure, aortic stenosis, atherosclerotic disease, which exacerbate each other through complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting mTOR pathway, NAD+ metabolism, senescence-related processes offer promise mitigating sarcopenia’s progression. Additionally, integrated interventions combining resistance training, nutritional optimization, novel anti-aging therapies hold potential improving outcomes. paper underscores critical gaps evidence, including need longitudinal studies establish causality validation advanced approaches clinical settings. Future research should leverage multi-omics technologies machine learning identify biomarkers personalize interventions. Addressing these challenges essential reducing burden enhancing quality life elderly individuals comorbid conditions. aims guide future promote effective, individualized management strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Immunosenescence: How Aging Increases Susceptibility to Bacterial Infections and Virulence Factors

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(10), С. 2052 - 2052

Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2024

The process of aging leads to a progressive decline in the immune system function, known as immunosenescence, which compromises both innate and adaptive responses. This includes impairments phagocytosis decreased production, activation, function T- B-lymphocytes, among other effects. Bacteria exploit immunosenescence by using various virulence factors evade host’s defenses, leading severe often life-threatening infections. manuscript explores complex relationship between bacterial virulence, focusing on underlying mechanisms that increase vulnerability infections elderly. Additionally, it discusses how machine learning methods can provide accurate modeling interactions weakened mechanisms, guiding development personalized interventions. vaccines, novel antibiotics, antivirulence therapies for multidrug-resistant bacteria, well investigation potential immune-boosting therapies, are promising strategies this field. Future research should focus approaches be integrated with immunological, microbiological, clinical data develop interventions improve outcomes growing elderly population.

Язык: Английский

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Skin Microbiota: Mediator of Interactions Between Metabolic Disorders and Cutaneous Health and Disease

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1), С. 161 - 161

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

Metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, and metabolic syndrome, are systemic conditions that profoundly impact the skin microbiota, a dynamic community of bacteria, fungi, viruses, mites essential for cutaneous health. Dysbiosis caused by dysfunction contributes to barrier disruption, immune dysregulation, increased susceptibility inflammatory diseases, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne. For instance, hyperglycemia in T2DM leads formation advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which bind receptor AGEs (RAGE) on keratinocytes cells, promoting oxidative stress inflammation while facilitating Staphylococcus aureus colonization dermatitis. Similarly, obesity-induced dysregulation sebaceous lipid composition increases saturated fatty acids, favoring pathogenic strains Cutibacterium acnes, produce metabolites exacerbate Advances metabolomics microbiome sequencing have unveiled critical biomarkers, such as short-chain acids microbial signatures, predictive therapeutic outcomes. example, elevated butyrate levels psoriasis been associated with reduced Th17-mediated inflammation, presence specific Lactobacillus has shown potential modulate tolerance Furthermore, machine learning models increasingly used integrate multi-omics data, enabling personalized interventions. Emerging therapies, probiotics postbiotics, aim restore diversity, phage therapy selectively targets bacteria like without disrupting beneficial flora. Clinical trials demonstrated significant reductions lesions improved quality-of-life metrics patients receiving these microbiota-targeted treatments. This review synthesizes current evidence bidirectional interplay between disorders highlighting implications future directions. By addressing microbiota-mediated pathways, precision strategies paving way patient outcomes dermatologic care.

Язык: Английский

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Expert perspectives on the clinical use of meropenem monotherapy in the management of various antibiotic-resistant pathogens in Indian settings

International Journal of Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(2), С. 60 - 65

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

Background: To gather expert perspectives on the clinical use of meropenem monotherapy in managing multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) pathogens Indian settings. Methods: This cross-sectional study used a 20-item questionnaire to clinician opinions prescription practices, observations, preferences regarding monotherapy. Descriptive statistics were employed analyze responses, presenting frequencies as percentages. Results: A total 353 clinicians participated this study, with 37% reporting 6-10% prevalence MDR, XDR, PDR their practice. Complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) most common conditions treated meropenem, reported by 54.96% respondents. The majority (91.5%) respondents preferred combination therapy for resistant infections, tigecycline (54%) colistin (33.43%) being choices. Key included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus. Most participants (58%) favored administering 1g IV 2 3 divided doses. Bloodstream meningitis, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) noted primary indications use. Additionally, 68% stated was prescribed antibiotic complicated urinary tract (cUTIs), while 77% indicated it treatment Gram-negative MDR pathogens. Conclusion: Meropenem remains critical option treating India, particularly or colistin. Clinicians its cIAIs VAP, especially elderly patients. findings highlight importance continuously monitoring resistance patterns optimize strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the elderly: Is there a role for epigenetic reprogramming reversal?

BioFactors, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 51(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract With the increase in elderly population worldwide, number of subjects suffering from tuberculosis (TB) has shown an increased prevalence this group. Immunosenescence is essential phenomenon because it may reactivate lesions and render their adaptive immunity dysfunctional. In addition, inflammation lungs also Although effective drugs are available, they often tolerated inadequately, reducing adherence to therapy leading therapeutic failure. Comorbidities, poor general health status, other medications lead drug adverse reactions reduced treatment elderly. Hence, older adults require individualized approach for better outcomes. Trained immunity, which involves epigenetic reprogramming, contribute balancing dysfunction innate people. This review analyzes relationship between inflammation, age, Mycobacterium . Moreover, we hypothesize that immunomodulation using trained activators will help reduce while enhancing antimicrobial responses Understanding immunomodulation's molecular physiological effects informed decisions about TB prevention strategies uniquely designed

Язык: Английский

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Nasopharyngeal Colonization and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacterial Isolates in Children and Young Adults with Acute, Protracted, and Chronic Cough: A Cross-Sectional Bulgarian Study

Deleted Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 70(1), С. 10 - 10

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Since the nasopharynx serves as an ecological niche for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Corynebacterium spp., Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, etc., colonization is influenced by antimicrobial treatments, host immune responses, viral infections, and vaccines, often leading to local systemic infections. We aimed investigate patterns of nasopharyngeal susceptibility bacterial isolates in Bulgarian individuals under 20 years age presenting with acute, protracted, chronic cough. analyzed 1383 samples using conventional culture methods, MALDI-TOF MS, testing, genetic analyses Bordetella pertussis Mycoplasma spp. Among 896 isolates, H. influenzae was most prevalent (26.23%), followed M. catarrhalis (23.55%), S. pneumoniae (22.54%), pyogenes causing 7.59% In children (0–10 years), (198 isolates) (142 were common pathogens, (73 isolates), while those aged 10–20 years, isolate (129), (93) (21). Colonization young adults a reservoir pathogen transmission adults, highlighting its significant public health implications. Monitoring resistance remains essential inform targeted prevention treatment strategies.

Язык: Английский

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High proportions of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in community-acquired infections, Brazil

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Abstract Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the leading causes bloodstream (BSI) and urinary tract infections (UTI), but limited data available regarding community-acquired (CA) infections. This study characterized clinical aspects CA-BSI CA-UTI caused by K. molecular features isolates, including their resistance profiles. Sixty-five isolates (CA-BSI, n = 24; CA-UTI, 41) underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing, β-lactamase virulence gene assessment, capsular genotyping, typing. Older age, male gender, comorbidities, particularly kidney disease, were significantly associated with CA-BSI. The MDR carbapenem rates for from CA 24.6% 4.6%, respectively. more antibiotic-resistant had a higher proportion ESBL-producing (37.5% versus 9.8%) (45.8% 12.2%) than CA-UTI. bla CTX−M−like or KPC−like genes was found in all while NDM−like detected exclusively strains. isolates’ profiles similar between groups, although two presented hypervirulence biomarkers. A high clonal diversity observed, majority (81.3%) (ST11, ST15, ST101, ST258, ST307, ST6852) hypervirulent (2/3) (ST23 ST65) being high-risk pandemic clones humans. Our highlight prevalence Brazil, showing significant differences compared to

Язык: Английский

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Constructing an early warning model for elderly sepsis patients based on machine learning

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Март 27, 2025

Sepsis is a serious threat to human life. Early prediction of high-risk populations for sepsis necessary especially in elderly patients. Artificial intelligence shows benefits early warning. The aim the study was construct an machine warning model patients and evaluate its performance. We collected from General Hospital Ningxia Medical University emergency department intensive care unit 01 January 2021 August 2023. clinical data divided into training set test set. A total 2976 12 features were screened. used 8 learning models build model. In conclusion, we developed based on XGBoost with AUROC 0.971, AUPRC 0.862, accuracy 0.95, specificity 0.964 F1 score 0.776. Of all features, baseline APTT played most important role, followed by lymphocyte count. Higher level lower count may indicate higher risk occurrence. high-performance old age order facilitate treatment but also need further external validation.

Язык: Английский

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Influence of Microbiome Interactions on Antibiotic Resistance Development in the ICU Environment: Insights and Opportunities with Machine Learning

Deleted Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 70(2), С. 14 - 14

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2025

Antibiotic resistance is a global health crisis exacerbated by the misuse of antibiotics in healthcare, agriculture, and environment. In an intensive care unit (ICU), where high antibiotic usage, invasive procedures, immunocompromised patients converge, risks are amplified, leading to multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) poor patient outcomes. The human microbiome plays crucial role development dissemination genes (ARGs) through mechanisms like horizontal gene transfer, biofilm formation, quorum sensing. Disruptions balance, or dysbiosis, further exacerbate resistance, particularly high-risk ICU environments. This study explores interactions ICU, highlighting machine learning (ML) as transformative tool. Machine algorithms analyze high-dimensional data, predict patterns, identify novel therapeutic targets. By integrating genomic, microbiome, clinical these models support personalized treatment strategies enhance infection control measures. results demonstrate potential improve stewardship outcomes, emphasizing its utility ICU-specific interventions. conclusion, addressing requires multidisciplinary approach combining advanced computational methods, research, expertise. Enhanced surveillance, targeted interventions, collaboration essential mitigate care.

Язык: Английский

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Antimicrobial Resistance: Linking Molecular Mechanisms to Public Health Impact

SLAS DISCOVERY, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100232 - 100232

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) develops into a worldwide health emergency through genetic and biochemical adaptations which enable microorganisms to resist antimicrobial treatment. β-lactamases (blaNDM, blaKPC) efflux pumps (MexAB-OprM) working with mobile elements facilitate fast proliferation of multidrug-resistant (MDR) exttreme drug-resistant (XDR) phenotypes thus creating major concerns for healthcare systems community as well the agricultural sector. The review dissimilarly unifies molecular pathways public implications study epidemiological data monitoring approaches innovative therapeutic solutions. Previous studies separating their attention between genetics clinical outcomes have been combined our approach delivers an all-encompassing analysis AMR. report investigates mechanisms feature enzymatic degradation pump overexpression together target modification horizontal gene transfer because these factors represent important contributors present-day AMR developments. This effects on hospital environments where it affects pathogens including MRSA, carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. document explores modern management methods that comprise WHO GLASS surveillance three strategies such CRISPR-modified genome editing bacteriophage treatments along peptides artificial intelligence diagnostic tools. resolution needs complete scientific global operational alongside state-of-the-art approaches. Worldwide infection burden requires both enhanced prevention procedures next-generation reduce cases effectively.

Язык: Английский

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