ImmunoPET: Antibody-Based PET Imaging in Solid Tumors

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2022

Immuno-positron emission tomography (immunoPET) is a molecular imaging modality combining the high sensitivity of PET with specific targeting ability monoclonal antibodies. Various radioimmunotracers have been successfully developed to target broad spectrum molecules expressed by malignant cells or tumor microenvironments. Only few are translated into clinical studies and barely practices. Some drawbacks include slow radioimmunotracer kinetics, physiologic uptake in lymphoid organs, heterogeneous activity tumoral lesions. Measures taken overcome disadvantages, new tracers being developed. In this review, we aim mention fundamental components immunoPET imaging, explore groundbreaking success achieved using technique, review different employed various solid tumors elaborate on relatively modality.

Язык: Английский

---

[68Ga]DOTATOC PET/CT Radiomics to Predict the Response in GEP-NETs Undergoing [177Lu]DOTATOC PRRT: The “Theragnomics” Concept

Cancers, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(4), С. 984 - 984

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2022

Despite impressive results, almost 30% of NET do not respond to PRRT and no well-established criteria are suitable predict response. Therefore, we assessed the predictive value radiomics [68Ga]DOTATOC PET/CT images pre-PRRT in metastatic GEP NET. We retrospectively analyzed 324 SSTR-2-positive lesions from 38 GEP-NET patients (nine G1, 27 G2, two G3) who underwent restaging before complete with [177Lu]DOTATOC. Clinical, laboratory, radiological follow-up data were collected for at least six months after last cycle. Through LifeX, extracted 65 PET features each lesion. Grading, number cycles, cumulative activity, pre- post-PRRT CgA values also considered as additional clinical features. same scanner patient determined disease status (progression vs. response terms stability/reduction/disappearance) All (PET clinical) correlated a per-site analysis (liver, lymph nodes, bone), significantly associated response, Δradiomics lesion was on performed until nine post-PRRT. A statistical system based point-biserial correlation logistic regression used reduction selection Discriminant used, instead, obtain model using k-fold strategy split into training validation sets. From process, HISTO_Skewness HISTO_Kurtosis able an area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC ROC), sensitivity, specificity 0.745, 80.6%, 67.2% 0.722, 61.2%, 75.9%, respectively. Moreover, combination three (HISTO_Skewness; HISTO_Kurtosis, Grading) did improve AUC 0.744. SUVmax, however, could (p = 0.49, 0.523). The presented preliminary "theragnomics" proved be superior conventional quantitative parameters treated [177Lu]DOTATOC PRRT, regardless site.

Язык: Английский

---

PET/CT with Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitors in Breast Cancer: Diagnostic and Theranostic Application—A Literature Review

Cancers, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(3), С. 908 - 908

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2023

Growing studies have recently reported on the promising application of radiolabeled-fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPIs) as diagnostic and therapeutic agents in various oncological populations. To exclusively evaluate current evidence role FAPI radiotracers patients with breast cancer (BC), a narrative review available literature was performed. A search algorithm from PubMed/MEDLINE, based combination “PET” OR “positron emission tomography” “FAPI” ”cancer”, last update February 2022, applied. From 233 identified articles, 33 conducted BC data PET imaging or radiolabeled-FAPI therapy were finally considered, for total 191 patients. Despite some clinical methodological heterogeneity among reviewed 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT emerges valuable tool both at staging restaging, also demonstrating several technical advantages an overall better performance than 18F-FDG, especially histotypes well-known low 18F-FDG avidity. Moreover, although still limited BC, radiolabeled FAPIs emerge theranostic perspective, increasing possibility more personalized treatments. these results, future research directions are suggested.

Язык: Английский

---

A predictive radiotranscriptomics model based on DCE-MRI for tumor immune landscape and immunotherapy in cholangiocarcinoma

BioScience Trends, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18(3), С. 263 - 276

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2024

This study aims to determine the predictive role of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) derived radiomic model in tumor immune profiling and immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma. To perform analysis, related subgroup clustering was first performed by single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Second, a total 806 features each phase DCE-MRI were extracted utilizing Python package Pyradiomics. Then, signature constructed after three-step reduction selection, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve employed evaluate performance this model. In end, an independent testing cohort involving cholangiocarcinoma patients with anti-PD-1 Sintilimab treatment surgery used verify potential application established Two distinct subgroups classified using ssGSEA based on transcriptome sequencing. For 10 finally identified establish landscape classification. Regarding performance, mean AUC ROC curves 0.80 training/validation cohort. cohort, individual probability corresponding score from significantly correlated. conclusion, capable predicting chalangiocarcinoma. Consequently, potentially clinical developed guide suggested.

Язык: Английский

---

Elaborating the potential of Artificial Intelligence in automated CAR-T cell manufacturing

Frontiers in Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 3

Опубликована: Сен. 21, 2023

This paper discusses the challenges of producing CAR-T cells for cancer treatment and potential Artificial Intelligence (AI) its improvement. cell therapy was approved in 2018 as first Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) treating acute leukemia lymphoma. ATMPs are cell- gene-based therapies that show great promise various cancers hereditary diseases. While some new have been approved, ongoing clinical trials expected to lead approval many more. However, production presents a significant challenge due high costs associated with manufacturing process, making very expensive (approx. $400,000). Furthermore, autologous is limited make-to-order approach, which makes scaling economical difficult. First attempts being made automate this multi-step will not only directly reduce but also enable comprehensive data collection. AI technologies ability analyze convert it into knowledge insights. In order exploit these opportunities, analyses automated process creates mapping capabilities applications. The explores possible use analyzing generated during further improve efficiency cost-effectiveness production.

Язык: Английский

---

ImmunoPET Imaging of Immune Checkpoints to Assess Their Cancer Therapeutic Potential

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Contrast enhancement in medical imaging: At the crossroads of techniques and contrast agents – Improvements over the last decade

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 532, С. 216523 - 216523

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Gastrointestinal tumor personalized immunotherapy: an integrated analysis from molecular genetics to imaging biomarkers

Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

The immunotherapy landscape for gastrointestinal (GI) tumors is rapidly evolving. There an urgent need reliable biomarkers capable of predicting treatment outcomes to optimize therapeutic strategies and enhance patient prognosis. This review presents a comprehensive overview associated with the response GI tumors, covering advances in molecular genetics, histopathological markers, imaging. Key biomarkers, such as microsatellite instability, tumor mutational burden, programmed death-ligand 1 expression, remain critical identifying patients likely benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors. significance tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, notably CD8+ T cell regulatory ratio, predictor explored. In addition, advanced imaging techniques, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography-CT, facilitate noninvasive evaluation biology response. By bridging data, this integrated strategy enhances precision selection, monitoring, adaptive therapy design. Future studies should aim validate these larger, multicenter cohorts focus on clinical translation advance medicine oncology.

Язык: Английский

---

NSCLC Biomarkers to Predict Response to Immunotherapy with Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI): From the Cells to In Vivo Images

Cancers, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(18), С. 4543 - 4543

Опубликована: Сен. 10, 2021

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death, and it is usually diagnosed in advanced stages (stage III or IV). Recently, availability targeted strategies immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has favorably changed patient prognosis. Treatment outcome closely related to tumor biology interaction immune microenvironment (TME). While response molecular therapies relies on presence specific genetic alterations cells, accurate ICI biomarkers are lacking, clinical likely depends multiple factors that both host tumor-related. This paper an overview ongoing research predictive from vitro/ex vivo analysis (ranging conventional pathology biology) analysis, where imaging showing exponential growth use due technological advancements new bioinformatics approaches applied image analyses allow recovery features subclones.

Язык: Английский

---

Targeting the Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (uPAR) in Human Diseases With a View to Non-invasive Imaging and Therapeutic Intervention

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9

Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2021

The interaction between the serine protease urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its glycolipid-anchored receptor (uPAR) focalizes activation to cell surfaces, thereby regulating extravascular fibrinolysis, adhesion, migration. uPAR belongs Ly6/uPAR (LU) gene superfamily high-affinity binding site for uPA is assembled by a dynamic association of three consecutive LU domains. In most human solid cancers, expressed at invasive areas tumor-stromal microenvironment. High levels in resected tumors or shed plasma cancer patients are robustly associated with poor prognosis increased risk relapse metastasis. Over years, plethora different strategies inhibit function have been designed investigated vitro vivo mouse models, but so far none implemented clinics. recent uPAR-targeting intent cytotoxic eradication uPAR-expressing cells nonetheless gained increasing momentum. Another avenue that currently being explored non-invasive imaging specific uPAR-targeted reporter-molecules containing positron emitting radionuclides near-infrared (NIR) florescence probes overarching aim able to: (i) localize disease dissemination using emission tomography (PET) (ii) assist fluorescence guided surgery optical imaging. this review, we will discuss these advancements special emphasis on applications small 9-mer peptide antagonist targets high affinity.

Язык: Английский

---