Oxidative stress-based therapeutics in COPD

Redox Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 33, С. 101544 - 101544

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2020

Oxidative stress is a major driving mechanism in the pathogenesis of COPD. There increased oxidative lungs COPD patients due to exogenous oxidants cigarette smoke and air pollution endogenous generation reactive oxygen species by inflammatory structural cells lung. Mitochondrial may be particularly important also reduction antioxidant defences, with inactivation several enzymes transcription factors Nrf2 FOXO that regulate multiple genes. Increased systemic exacerbate comorbidities contribute skeletal muscle weakness. amplifies chronic inflammation, stimulates fibrosis emphysema, causes corticosteroid resistance, accelerates lung aging, DNA damage formation autoantibodies. This suggests treating antioxidants or enhancing should an effective strategy treat underlying pathogenetic mechanisms Most clinical studies have been conducted using glutathione-generating such as N-acetylcysteine, carbocysteine erdosteine, which reduce exacerbations patients, but it not certain whether this their mucolytic properties. Dietary so far shown clinically search for more antioxidants, include superoxide dismutase mimetics, NADPH oxidase inhibitors, mitochondria-targeted activators.

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative Stress in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(5), С. 965 - 965

Опубликована: Май 13, 2022

There is a marked increase in oxidative stress the lungs of patients with COPD, as measured by increased exhaled 8-isoprostane, ethane, and hydrogen peroxide breath. The lung may be exposed to exogenous from cigarette smoking indoor or outdoor air pollution endogenous reactive oxygen species released activated inflammatory cells, particularly neutrophils macrophages, lungs. Oxidative COPD amplified reduction antioxidants poor intake dietary antioxidants. major driving mechanism through induction chronic inflammation, cellular senescence impaired autophagy, reduced DNA repair, autoimmunity, mucus secretion, anti-inflammatory response corticosteroids. stress, therefore, drives pathology disease progression, amplify exacerbations, comorbidities systemic stress. This suggests that effective disease-modifying treatments. Unfortunately, thiol-based antioxidants, such N-acetylcysteine, have been poorly effective, they are inactivated lungs, so there search for more safer New development include mitochondria-targeted NOX inhibitors, activators transcription factor Nrf2, which regulates several antioxidant genes.

Язык: Английский

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Overview of the Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress: Impact in Inflammation of the Airway Diseases

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(11), С. 2237 - 2237

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2022

Inflammation of the human lung is mediated in response to different stimuli (e.g., physical, radioactive, infective, pro-allergenic or toxic) such as cigarette smoke and environmental pollutants. They often promote an increase inflammatory activities airways that manifest themselves chronic diseases allergic airway diseases, asthma, bronchitis/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) even cancer). Increased levels oxidative stress (OS) reduce antioxidant defenses, affect autophagy/mitophagy processes, regulatory mechanisms cell survival, promoting inflammation lung. In fact, OS potentiate lung, favoring progression diseases. increases production reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anions (O2-), hydroxyl radicals (OH) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), by transformation through enzymatic non-enzymatic reactions. this manner, reduces endogenous defenses both nucleated non-nucleated cells. The ROS can derive from exogenous insults (cigarette pollution) sources injury and/or activated structural review, we describe most relevant knowledge concerning functional interrelation between

Язык: Английский

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Host-microbiome interactions: Gut-Liver axis and its connection with other organs

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2022

Abstract An understanding of connections between gut microbiome and liver has provided important insights into the pathophysiology diseases. Since microbial dysbiosis increases permeability, metabolites biosynthesized by them can reach through portal circulation affect hepatic immunity inflammation. The immune cells activated these also lymphatic circulation. Liver influences metabolism in multiple organs body, including gut. It releases bile acids other biliary tract from where they enter systemic In this review, bidirectional communication molecular cross talk host been discussed. This review provides details intricate level role Gut-Liver-Brain, Gut-Liver-Kidney, Gut-Liver-Lung, Gut-Liver-Heart axes. These observations indicate a complex network interactions influenced microbiome.

Язык: Английский

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The role of diet and nutrition in the management of COPD

European Respiratory Review, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 32(168), С. 230003 - 230003

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2023

In 2014, the European Respiratory Society published a statement on nutritional assessment and therapy in COPD. Since then, increasing research has been performed role of diet nutrition prevention management Here, we provide an overview recent scientific advances clinical implications. Evidence for potential as risk factor development COPD accumulating is reflected dietary patterns patients with Consuming healthy should, therefore, be promoted Distinct phenotypes have identified incorporating status, ranging from cachexia frailty to obesity. The importance body composition need tailored screening instruments further highlighted. Dietary interventions targeted single or multi-nutrient supplementation can beneficial when optimal timing considered. therapeutic window opportunity during recovering acute exacerbation hospitalisation underexplored.

Язык: Английский

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The gut–airway microbiome axis in health and respiratory diseases

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(8), С. 492 - 506

Опубликована: Май 22, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Association between nutritional profiles of foods underlying Nutri-Score front-of-pack labels and mortality: EPIC cohort study in 10 European countries

BMJ, Год журнала: 2020, Номер unknown, С. m3173 - m3173

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2020

Abstract Objective To determine if the Food Standards Agency nutrient profiling system (FSAm-NPS), which grades nutritional quality of food products and is used to derive Nutri-Score front-of-packet label guide consumers towards healthier choices, associated with mortality. Design Population based cohort study. Setting European Prospective Investigation into Cancer Nutrition (EPIC) from 23 centres in 10 countries. Participants 521 324 adults; at recruitment, country specific validated dietary questionnaires were assess their usual intakes. A FSAm-NPS score was calculated for each item per 100 g content energy, sugars, saturated fatty acids, sodium, fibre, protein, fruit, vegetables, legumes, nuts. The index participant as an energy weighted mean all foods consumed. higher lower overall diet. Main outcome measure Associations between mortality, assessed using multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results After exclusions, 501 594 adults (median follow-up 17.2 years, 8 162 730 person years) included analyses. Those a (highest versus lowest fifth) showed increased risk cause mortality (n=53 112 events non-external causes; hazard ratio 1.07, 95% confidence interval 1.03 1.10, P<0.001 trend) cancer (1.08, 1.13, diseases circulatory (1.04, 0.98 1.11, P=0.06 trend), respiratory (1.39, 1.22 1.59, P<0.001), digestive (1.22, 1.02 1.45, P=0.03 systems. age standardised absolute rates 000 persons over years 760 (men=1237; women=563) those highest fifth 661 (men=1008; women=518) fifth. Conclusions In this large multinational cohort, consuming (lower quality) causes circulatory, respiratory, systems, supporting relevance characterise choices context public health policies (eg, Nutri-Score) populations. This important considering ongoing discussions about potential implementation unique nutrition labelling Union level.

Язык: Английский

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Continued post-retraction citation of a fraudulent clinical trial report, 11 years after it was retracted for falsifying data

Scientometrics, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 125(3), С. 2877 - 2913

Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2020

Abstract This paper presents a case study of long-term post-retraction citation to falsified clinical trial data (Matsuyama et al. in Chest 128(6):3817–3827, 2005. 10.1378/chest.128.6.3817 ), demonstrating problems with how the current digital library environment communicates retraction status. Eleven years after its retraction, continues be cited positively and uncritically support medical nutrition intervention, without mention 2008 for falsifying data. To date no high quality trials reporting on efficacy omega-3 fatty acids reducing inflammatory markers have been published. Our uses network analysis, context status visibility analysis illustrate potential extended propagation misinformation over network, updating extending first 6 (Fulton Publications 3(1):7–26, 2015. 10.3390/publications3010017 ). The covers 148 direct citations from 2006 through 2019 their 2542 second-generation assesses notice 12 platforms as 2020. is not mentioned 96% (107/112) which we were able conduct analysis. Over 41% (44/107) that do describe detail, giving risk diffusing paper. We analyze 152 most recent 35 (2010–2019) but methods or results paper, finding 23 possible diffusions these non-direct Link resolving errors databases show significant challenge reader reaching via database search. Only 1/8 (and 1/9 records) consistently resolved full-text correctly our tests. Although limited evaluation single ( N = 1), this work demonstrates retracted research can continue spread information contributes problem.

Язык: Английский

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Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of COPD

Minerva Medica, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 113(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2022

Chronic inhalation of cigarette smoke is a prominent cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and provides an important source exogenous oxidants. In addition, several inflammatory structural cells are endogenous oxidants in the lower airways COPD patients, even former smokers. This suggests that play key role pathogenesis COPD. oxidative stress counterbalanced by protective effects various antioxidant defenses airways. A large amount data from animal models patients with have shown both stable phase disease, during exacerbations, increased compared age-matched smokers normal lung function. Thus, counteracting may produce clinical benefits patients. Smoking cessation currently most effective treatment reduces many drugs used to treat some effects, however, it still unclear if their efficacy related pharmacological modulation oxidant/antioxidant balance. Several new compounds development for

Язык: Английский

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Association of oxidative balance score and lung health from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2012

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2023

Oxidative stress is associated with outcomes of chronic lung disease. The oxidative stress-related exposures diet and lifestyle can be evaluated by the balance score (OBS), higher OBS scores indicate more significant antioxidant exposures. But relationship between health unknown.The aim this study was to explore association (respiratory symptoms, disease, function).A series models, including weighted linear logistic regression, multinomial were performed assess associations respiratory function. models adjusted age, race/ethnicity, gender, educational background, poverty-to-income ratio, dietary energy also performed.Cross-sectional data 5,214 participants from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey for years 2007-2012 analyzed. For every one-unit increase in OBS, odds wheezing/chronic bronchitis decreased 6%. Increased percent-predicted forced expiratory volume one second (FEV1) (adjusted mean difference (MD), 0.21%; 95% CI: 0.10-0.32) vital capacity (FVC) MD, 0.15%; 0.07-0.24). A significantly lower risk found second/third/fourth quartile compared those first (all P trend < 0.05). Moreover, FEV1 FVC third fourth Furthermore, both components tightly related pulmonary outcomes. Many maintained after stratified sex or sensitivity analyses.Oxidative negatively correlated diagnosis bronchitis/wheezing/restrictive spirometry pattern positively FEV1. It seems that score, better findings highlight importance adherence an it contributes health.

Язык: Английский

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