The prevalence of and the effect of global stressors on eating disorders among medical students

Frontiers in Psychology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2025

Background Eating disorders (EDs) are among the most serious forms of psychiatric illness, potentially leading to multi-systemic complications. Owing their high stress levels, medical students more likely experience mental health difficulties that predispose them developing EDs. Societal stigmatization and misinformation, especially in a middle eastern context, contribute underreporting challenges seeking appropriate treatment at an early stage, increasing risk complications mortality. EDs remain under-studied phenomena east, limiting understanding options. Objective The objectives current study were assess prevalence EDs, potential contributing factors, impact COVID-19 pandemic as independent global stressor Arabian Gulf University. Methods This cross-sectional consisted three-part self-administered questionnaire comprising demographic data, Attitudes-26 (EAT-26) test, associated stressors. was conducted on AGU preparatory year up Year 6. Data collected from September 2022 February 2023. Results Three hundred ninety-seven recruited present study. 32.1% tested demonstrated elevated for Living situation, earlier years study, status significantly with increased risk. Response stressors such correlated worsening high-risk individuals. Conclusion have been discovered be highly prevalent students, which brings light undervalued concern. warrants both awareness programs campus, development individual-tailored eating disorder halt progression increase overall quality life education.

Язык: Английский

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Development and preliminary validation of a novel eating disorder screening tool for vegetarians and vegans: the V-EDS

Journal of Eating Disorders, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024

Abstract Background Eating disorders have one of the highest mortality all mental illnesses but are associated with low rates screening and early intervention. In addition, there remains considerable uncertainty regarding use current standardised tools in measuring eating pathology vegetarians vegans. With these groups presenting as potential at-risk for disordered development, present study aimed to develop preliminary validate a novel disorder tool, Vegetarian Vegan Disorder Screener (V-EDS). Methods We utilised mixed-methods approach, comprising four phases. Results A conceptual framework was developed from 25 community, clinician, lived experience interviews used derive set 163 items (Phase 1). Phase 2 piloted establish face content validity through cognitive debriefing 18 additional participants, resulting reduced, revised questionnaire 53 items. 3 involved scale purification using Item Response Theory analysis 230 vegans further reduced 18-item questionnaire. 4 validated tool large community sample 245 405 traditional psychometric analysis, finding V-EDS supports unidimensional factor structure excellent internal consistency (α = 0.95–0.96) convergent (0.87–0.88), moderate discriminate (0.45–0.55). Conclusions This provided strong initial support theoretical assumptions tool. The has increase intervention experiencing symptoms, supporting advocacy treatment approaches expanding dietary groups.

Язык: Английский

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The Treatment Experiences of Vegetarians and Vegans with an Eating Disorder: A Qualitative Study

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(2), С. 345 - 345

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2025

Background: Vegetarianism and veganism have long been tied to disordered eating are frequently considered be methods of limiting available food choices. Health professionals specializing in disorder treatment may modify their practices support vegetarian or vegan clients. However, there no formally recognized clinical guidelines for the disorders these groups. Moreover, studies yet explored experiences seeking receiving while adhering vegetarianism veganism, which needed inform development guidelines. The present study aims explore lived vegetarians vegans on through semi-structured interviews reflexive thematic analysis. Methods: Seventeen participants (aged 19–48, 76% female, 41% vegan) with a history were recruited. Results: We identified five themes that described as important when sought vegan: (1) professional perspectives, (2) interaction dietary status quality, (3) give take treatment, (4) Lack flexibility services, (5) Current approaches not well equipped variations. Conclusions: This paper identifies complex relationship between disorders, perceptions from perspectives those who received treatment. Our findings suggest acknowledgement work an individual’s values within contribute enhanced outcomes experiences. Limitations include potential participation response biases predominantly female-identifying sample. will working

Язык: Английский

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Validation of the shortest version of the eating attitude test (EAT-7) as a screening tool for disordered eating in patients with first-episode schizophrenia

Journal of Eating Disorders, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

Individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia have a two to five-fold higher risk of developing obesity and up threefold disordered eating behaviors relative the general population. Over past decades, Eating Attitude Test (EAT) has been well-recognized widely used in clinical practice. However, only little psychometric information is available on EAT for researchers clinicians who deal patients schizophrenia, it still unclear whether scale could fulfill measurement needs help research decision-making context psychotic disorders. This study aimed investigate properties shortest version (EAT-7) among newly-diagnosed had minimal exposure antipsychotics at start study. an observational, cross-sectional survey that was carried out department psychiatry Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia. The took place between January June 2024, involved clinically-stabilized outpatients < 3 months treatment (N = 112; mean age 24.44 ± 5.41 years). In terms factor analysis, EAT-7 presented one-dimensional structure. All seven items strongly loaded single factor, all indices CFA suggesting good fit data. addition, yielded excellent reliability coefficients, both McDonald's ω Cronbach's α 0.88. Measurement invariance across sex groups tested using multi-group CFA, established configural, scalar, metric levels. No significant differences scores males females were found. Finally, positively correlated depression anxiety, supporting concurrent validity scale. shortness, items' clarity conciseness make efficient tool appropriate as first-step screening detect low cost burden. We hope this will facilitate widespread application routine assessment monitoring practices.

Язык: Английский

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Association Between Orthorexia and Plant-Based Diets—Is There a Vicious Cycle?

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(8), С. 1337 - 1337

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2025

Nowadays, social media and rapidly changing dietary trends encourage people to constantly—often excessively—control their diet, which leads an increased risk of developing eating disorders, including orthorexia nervosa (ON). At the same time, more reduce or give up consumption meat other animal products, adopting different types plant-based (vegetarian) diets. The following paper aimed demonstrate significant similarities between diets highlight necessity new adapting existing diagnostic tools for considering lifestyle characteristics vegetarians, especially vegans. It remains unclear whether vegetarianism increases ON development chances switching a diet. However, based on available literature, positive association can be shown two. On one hand, vegetarian diet may cover ON, but other, as group avoiding specific food wrongly perceived disordered. Thus, it is important distinguish from so-called healthy (HO), non-pathological interest in eating, avoid overdiagnosis stigmatization using alternative diets, since mere fact them does not constitute evidence orthorexia.

Язык: Английский

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Preliminary identification of clinical cut-off of the vegetarian vegan eating disorder screener (V-EDS) in a community and self-reported clinical sample of vegetarians and vegans

Journal of Eating Disorders, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024

Abstract Background The vegetarian vegan eating disorder screener (V-EDS) is an 18-item self-report screening tool designed to assess the unique elements of symptomology in vegetarians and vegans. Previous results have suggested strong initial psychometric properties non-clinical community samples present study sought identify a preliminary threshold cut-off score discriminate pathology self-reported clinical sample. Methods This involved secondary analysis using data collected McLean et al. (Development validation novel for vegans: V-EDS, 2023), comprising 599 participants 51 participants. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used compute possible values V-EDS. Results: ROC indicated good performance V-EDS (area under = 0.87), with integration Youden index demonstrating global ≥ 18 be optimal predicting caseness sensitivity (0.804) specificity (0.843). Conclusions fills important gap as first investigate level impairment from sample We extend utility discovering discrimination power classifying shown optimise trade-off between specificity. Future research should focus on expanding larger more diverse participant groups, including gender, age, cultural identity, history.

Язык: Английский

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The Psychosocial Aspects of Vegetarian Diets: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Motivations, Risks, and Limitations in Daily Life

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(15), С. 2504 - 2504

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024

Introduction: The popularity of vegetarian and vegan diets is linked to various motivations, such as health, ethics, ecology, social religious influence. India has the highest proportion vegetarians vegans. practise these moral health reasons environmental concerns. Vegetarianism may also be associated with eating disorders orthorexia (ON). Aim: main aim this study was determine psychosocial aspects diets. Understanding crucial for identifying potential risks developing effective interventions. This investigated following diets, duration dietary adherence, occurrence feelings restriction in selected situations, risk other disorders. Methods: A questionnaire survey conducted among 186 individuals (82 104 traditional dieters) between October 2023 April 2024. administered via a Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) using Google Forms, distributed through media, forums, private messages. inclusion criteria group included consent, an age over 18, diet, excluding those or diseases requiring strict diet therapy. control were similar, special Four unreliable questionnaires excluded from analysis. consisted four sections: metric data, ORTO-15 questionnaire, EAT-26 TFEQ-13 questionnaire. Results: motivations ethical (86.9%) (32.1%) reasons. Over half had been plant-based five years. Vegetarians more likely feel restricted restaurants when grocery shopping. results indicate higher (48.8% vs. 29.4% group; p = 0.00673). showed higher, but not statistically significant, (23.8% 14.7%; 0.11391). no significant differences groups (Subscale 1: food restriction, 0.77279; Subscale 2: lack overeating, 0.91935; 3: under influence emotions, 0.16612). Conclusions: concluded that considerations belief benefits mainly drive vegetarians. An analysis BMI revealed groups. suggest indicated restrictive eating, emotional eating. likelier encounter difficulties shopping less socially excluded.

Язык: Английский

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The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26): Psychometric Characteristics and Factor Structure in Nonclinical Sample of 876 Female University Students

Clinical Psychology and Special Education, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(1), С. 66 - 103

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2023

<p style="text-align: justify;">The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) is widely used all over the world, including Russia, for screening eating disorders, however, psychometric characteristics and factorial structure of questionnaire have not yet been studied on Russian non-clinical samples. This study involved 876 female students aged 17&ndash;26 (M=20.11&plusmn;1.79) from three cities (Moscow, Ryazan, Arkhangelsk). All respondents were asked to fill out an adapted version EAT-26. To assess retest reliability, 48 Ryazan filled twice with interval one month. construct validity, 293 Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) a positive attitude towards body, 281 Arkhangelsk Hospital Anxiety Depression (HADS). As result, descriptive statistics total score responses individual items EAT-26 obtained. In accordance critical value (&ge;20), risk group disorders included 13.5% respondents. The high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha &mdash; 0.883) reliability (r=0.865) shown. confirmatory factor analyses failed confirm three-factor originally proposed by authors questionnaire. Confirmatory analysis confirmed five-factor model (&chi;²=226.584, df=81, p&lt;10^-6, CFI=0.970, RMSEA=0.046, 90% CI [0.038; 0.052] 15 (EAT-15), which has rates 0.840; r=0.861). Psychometric indicators validity EAT-26, EAT-15, five selected scales are given.</p>

Язык: Английский

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The complex interplay between psychosocial and biological factors in pregorexia nervosa — a rapid review

Frontiers in Psychology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023

The importance of detecting eating disorders (EDs) during pregnancy cannot be overemphasized, because the major negative effects this pathology has on both maternal and fetal health. Based a rapid review including primary secondary reports, PN may still considered an elusive diagnosis entity, that partially overlaps with other EDs, either well-defined, like anorexia nervosa, or in search their own criteria, orthorexia nervosa. Neurochemical hormonal factors, psychological social mechanisms, along lifestyle changes create very complex framework for clinicians interested defining typical features pregorexia nervosa (PN). personal history EDs is one most important risk factors PN. core diagnostic criteria entity are, so far, lack gaining weight pregnancy, excessive focus counting calories and/or intense physical exercising decrease interest fetus’s health, acceptance change body shape pathological attention image. Regarding treatment PN, nutritional psychosocial interventions are recommended but no specific therapeutic strategies disorder have been detected literature. Psychotherapy main intervention pregnant women associated mood disorders, as pharmacological agents could teratogenic insufficient data to support safety population. In conclusion, taking into consideration methodological limitations review, supporting existence were found, mainly regarding tentative pathophysiological aspects. These data, corroborated preserving optimal mental health vulnerable population, e.g., women, justify need further research focused finding targeted approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the factor structure of the Eating Attitude Test-26 among undergraduate students in Malaysia

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2023

The objective of this study was to assess the factor structure 26-item Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) through confirmatory analysis (CFA) among 1,084 undergraduate students in Malaysia. initial findings indicated a lack support for proposed three-factor structure. Model modifications were made due inadequate fit. fit model significantly improved by excluding items with loadings below 0.40 and integrating residual covariances. In conclusion, it is necessary make contextual EAT-26 order effectively utilize Malaysian undergraduates. This highlights significance cultural adaptations psychological instruments.

Язык: Английский

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