Cell Death Discovery, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Abstract Intracranial tumors encompass a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, including gliomas, meningiomas, pituitary adenomas, schwannomas, craniopharyngiomas, ependymomas, medulloblastomas, and primary central nervous system lymphomas. These present significant challenges due to their diverse molecular characteristics, critical locations, the unique obstacles posed by blood-brain barrier (BBB) blood-tumor (BTB), which limit efficacy systemic therapies. Recent advances in biology genomics have enabled identification specific pathways targets, paving way for innovative precision This review examines current state targeted therapies intracranial tumors, receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitors, PI3K/AKT/mTOR RAF/MEK/ERK pathway IDH mutation immune checkpoint CAR-T cell Emphasis is placed on role BBB BTB modulating drug delivery therapeutic outcomes. Strategies overcome these barriers, such as focused ultrasound, nanoparticle-based systems, convection-enhanced delivery, are also explored. Furthermore, manuscript reviews clinical trial data, highlighting successes limitations across different tumor types. It delves into emerging approaches, combination regimens personalized treatments based profiling. By synthesizing latest research, this article aims provide comprehensive understanding advancements ongoing treatment tumors. The findings underscore necessity systems more extensive trials optimize strategies. aspires inform future research practices, aiming improve patient outcomes quality life management complex life-threatening conditions.

Язык: Английский