Endophytic bacteria of Gracilaria edulis in combating human bacterial pathogens by PPDHMP – A crude to single molecule product development approach

Microbial Pathogenesis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 107431 - 107431

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

A simple silicone elastomer colonisation model highlights complexities ofCandida albicansandStaphylococcus aureusinteractions in biofilm formation.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Abstract Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) significantly contribute to the burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A major factor in HAIs is colonisation indwelling medical devices by biofilm-forming opportunistic pathogens such as Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus . These organisms frequently co-infect, resulting synergistic interactions with enhanced virulence treatment. C. S. readily form dual-species biofilms on silicone elastomers, a commonly used device material, yet phenotypes these surfaces remains poorly understood. We developed simple, optically tractable model mimic investigate biofilm formation. The system utilises discs elastomer embedded agar, reflecting device-associated conditions enabling high-resolution imaging formed co-culture. Initial results using reveal robust exhibited morphological differences between dual species co-cultures either yeast- or hyphal-form , indicating impact differing cell morphotypes biofilm-associated colonization elastomers. Quantification formation crystal violet staining provided further validation system. findings underscore importance developing tools for study which more closely resemble infectious microenvironment, our work detailing can be employed improve strategies against device-related HAIs.

Язык: Английский

---

Predictors and etiology of healthcare-associated infections in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia

Messenger of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 22(1), С. 40 - 56

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Introduction. The increasing prevalence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) caused by critical, high and medium priority pathogens among patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) the mortality rate necessitate monitoring consideration predictors. objective was to identify predictors, determine etiology evaluate dynamics HAIs over a 10-year period in SCAP. Materials methods . An analysis medical records 756 treated intensive care unit I.I. Mechnikov NWSMU conducted from 2013 2023. Incidents (catheter-associated urinary tract infection – CAUTI, catheter-associated bloodstream CLABSI) ventilator-associated VAP) were determined accordance NASCI criteria Results. study included 663 density SCAP 6.2/1000 days device use (DDU) shows an increase 2021–2023. frequency CLABSI multiple drug resistance (MDR) 69.2%, CAUTI 24.4%, VAP 42.9%. 72 cases HAI registered 67 patients, which 24 (35,8%) had 50 critical pathogens, 16 (23.8%) bacterial-fungal associations. registration DAIs for entire analyzed carbapenem-resistant strains A. baumannii K. pneumoniae as well isolates resistant third-generation cephalosporins. A trend towards expanding spectrum proportion Candida non-albicans etiological structure fungal identified Independent predictors SCAP, > 7 DDU CLABSI, hours mechanical ventilation VAP, procalcitonin 0.5 ng/ml CAUTI. When registering severity comorbidities (CCI score ≥ 5: 3.829; 1.867–7.852, p < 0.001) organ dysfunction (SOFA 4.0 (9.976; 1.277–77.958, = 0.028) COVID-19 independent HAIs. Conclusion. In 2021–2023, observed group main pneumoniae, baumannii, spp. (C. tropicalis, С. parapsilosis, P. kudriavzevii). identified, duration devices level above ng/ml. risk factors such identified.

Язык: Английский

---

Considerations for testing anti-fouling coatings designed for implementation into Earth-based and spacecraft water systems

Biofouling, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 19

Опубликована: Март 26, 2025

Biofilms are common in water systems and can lead to mechanical failure or illness of system users. Methods for evaluating anti-fouling coatings have largely been informed by the medical industry not tailored industrial spacecraft systems. The goal paper is help guide researchers designing experiments evaluate that accurately represent under investigation. This review identified eight experimental design considerations when systems: biofilm reactor operation, microorganism selection, reinoculation, coating surface area, liquid medium, experiment duration, performance evaluation, use microgravity. impact each decision made within these presented. Further, methods featured studies investigating Earth-based discussed. serves toward improved enable successful technology transfer from lab bench Earth beyond.

Язык: Английский

---

Antimicrobial Activity of Pediococcus pentosaceus PMY2 Against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(4), С. 389 - 389

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2025

Background/Objectives: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens pose a critical challenge in infection treatment. Pediococcus pentosaceus (P. pentosaceus) is known for its antimicrobial activity; however, studies on effects against MDR remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the and biological activities of P. PMY2, isolated from fermented porcine colostrum yogurt, pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa aeruginosa), Escherichia coli (E. coli). Methods: The antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic PMY2 were evaluated vitro. In addition, IL-6 TNF-α levels analyzed using an ELISA kit. Results: MIC value S. KCTC 3881 MRSA (CCARM 3089) was 0.31 mg/mL, while MBC values 0.63 mg/mL 2.5 respectively. At MIC, biofilm formation inhibited by 62.2% 51.5% MRSA. CFS exhibited low cytotoxicity RAW 264.7 macrophages significantly reduced NO production, IL-6, levels, indicating strong anti-inflammatory effects. Conclusions: These findings suggest that excellent activity demonstrating potential as natural agent. results indicate could be promising candidate addressing antibiotic resistance issues.

Язык: Английский

---

Bioactivities and Chemotaxonomy of Four Heracleum Species: A Comparative Study Across Plant Parts

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(4), С. 576 - 576

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025

Background/Objectives: This study investigates the phytochemical profile, essential oil composition, and bioactivities—including antioxidant, antimicrobial, antibio-film, anti-quorum sensing (QS) activities—of four Heracleum L. species (H. crenatifolium Boiss, H. paphlagonicum Czeczott, sphondylium subsp. montanum Schleich. ex Gaudin, pastinacifolium incanum (Boiss. & A.Huet) P.H.Davis). Methods: Total phenolic flavonoid contents were quantified using Folin–Ciocalteu aluminum chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. Essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation analyzed via Gas Chromatography–Flame Ionization Detector (GC–FID) Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS), while Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Hierarchical Cluster (HCA) evaluated chemical variability among species. Antioxidant activities assessed DPPH ABTS free radical scavenging assays. Antimicrobial activity was broth microdilution method to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values, antibiofilm an in vitro microplate-based biofilm model against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Anti-QS a disc diffusion assay with Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472 as reporter strain. Results: It observed that amounts of total compounds flavonoids higher root extracts than aerial parts for this excluding content). In analysis oil, it determined major component roots mostly myristicin, fruits octyl acetate. Phenolic positively correlated antioxidant activity. Methanol n-hexane (aerial parts) (root) exhibited notable antimicrobial activity, primarily Gram-positive bacteria, but none showed Klebsiella pneumoniae 13383 or P. 27853. Among methanol extracts, highest (73.2%), (75.5%). All anti-QS whereas no Conclusions: These findings underscore diversity bioactive potential species, contributing chemotaxonomic understanding genus supporting their applications medicine industry. To our knowledge, is first reveals properties these

Язык: Английский

---

Unveiling the Antimicrobial, Anti-Biofilm, and Anti-Quorum-Sensing Potential of Paederia foetida Linn. Leaf Extract against Staphylococcus aureus: An Integrated In Vitro–In Silico Investigation

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(7), С. 613 - 613

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Antimicrobial resistance poses a global health threat, with Staphylococcus aureus emerging as notorious pathogen capable of forming stubborn biofilms and regulating virulence through quorum sensing (QS). In the quest for novel therapeutic strategies, this groundbreaking study unveils potential Paederia foetida Linn., an Asian medicinal plant containing various bioactive compounds, contributing to its antimicrobial activities, in battle against S. aureus. Through comprehensive approach, we investigated effect ethanolic P. leaf extract on biofilms, QS, activity. The exhibited promising inhibitory effects including biofilm-forming strain MRSA. Real-time PCR analysis revealed significant downregulation key biofilm genes, suggesting interference QS. Biofilm assays quantified extract’s ability disrupt prevent formation. LC-MS/MS identified quercetin kaempferol glycosides constituents, while molecular docking studies explored their binding QS transcriptional regulator SarA. Computational ADMET predictions highlighted favorable intestinal absorption but P-glycoprotein interactions limiting oral bioavailability. While anti-virulence were demonstrated, high weights excessive hydrogen bond donors/acceptors flavonoid raise concerns regarding drug-likeness permeability. This integrated offers valuable insights developing strategies combat resistance.

Язык: Английский

---

Biofilm Formation in Chronic Infections: A Comprehensive Review of Pathogenesis, Clinical Implications, and Novel Therapeutic Approaches

Cureus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024

Biofilms are intricate microbial communities on various surfaces, including medical devices and biological tissues, encased within a protective matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. Their formation persistence significant factors in the pathogenesis chronic infections, contributing to complexity treatment increased resistance antimicrobial agents. This review explores multifaceted nature biofilms, focusing their formation, structure, genetic environmental that contribute resilience. particularly problematic such as those associated with implants persistent wounds, due ability evade both host immune response conventional therapeutic strategies. The also discusses current challenges diagnosing biofilm-associated infections limitations existing options. Emerging approaches, novel antibiofilm agents, physical disruption techniques, therapies phage therapy, examined for potential improve outcomes. Innovations drug delivery systems preventive measures, biofilm-resistant materials, highlighted promising developments. comprehensive overview aims provide insights into mechanisms biofilm-related guide future research clinical practice. contributes ongoing efforts enhance patient care combat growing challenge by addressing critical need effective strategies manage prevent infections.

Язык: Английский

---

Combining antibacterial and wound healing features: Xanthan gum/guar gum 3D-printed scaffold tuned with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin/thymol and Zinc2+

Carbohydrate Polymers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 351, С. 123069 - 123069

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Differences in the Duration of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Placement Leading to CLABSI versus Colonization by Multi-drug Resistant Pathogens: A Single Centre Retrospective Cohort Study

Опубликована: Май 17, 2024

Background: While it is established that intravenous catheter placement duration strongly linked to the risk of colonization and bloodstream infections, there are still substantial knowledge gaps concerning varying durations PICC lead either infection or by common pathogens, particularly MDR pathogens. The present study aims compare dwell time required for pathogens colonize with cause Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSIs) in critically ill patients PICCs compares non-MDR shedding light on significance preventive procedures control infections clinical settings. Methods: Data from admitted consecutively «Metropolitan» Hospital Athens, Greece, May 2017 2020 were retrospectively analysed. Results: In this study, 86 hospitalized patients, consisting 56 (65.1%) males 30 (34.9%) females, a mean age 55.67±21.1 years (range 16-91 years), presented both CLABSIs following placements. Specifically, 42 (48.8%) them CLABSIs, while 44 (51.2%) colonization. Among total participants, an pathogen was isolated 26 (30.2%) PICCs, other 60 (69.8%). all participants 20.94±14.22 days 3-72 days). When analysed separately each group, 25.73±16.19 16.36±10.28 those (T test, p=0.002). Additionally, infected non-MDROs 22.48±15.64 whereas MDROs, 17.38±9.5 p=0.005). indwelling 21.50±12.31 days, non-MDROs, 27.73±16.98 p=0.417). colonization, 15.55±7.73 16.92±11.85 p=0.124). (n=26), events (n=18) 21.5±12.31 (n=8) p=0.146). Conclusions: reveals exhibited shorter compared CLABSIs. Moreover, MDROs had than non-MDROs. These findings underscore importance considering status microbial resistance patterns when evaluating times.

Язык: Английский

---