
Vaccines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(4), С. 424 - 424
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025
Vaccination has been instrumental in curbing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and mitigating severity clinical manifestations associated with COVID-19. Numerous COVID-19 vaccines have developed to this effect, including BioNTech-Pfizer Moderna’s mRNA vaccines, as well adenovirus vector-based such Oxford–AstraZeneca. However, emergence new variants subvariants SARS-CoV-2, characterized by enhanced transmissibility immune evasion, poses significant challenges efficacy current vaccination strategies. In review, we aim comprehensively outline landscape emerging concern (VOCs) sub-lineages that recently surfaced post-pandemic years. We assess effectiveness existing their booster doses, against these subvariants, BA.2-derived sub-lineages, XBB BA.2.86 (Pirola). Furthermore, discuss latest advancements vaccine technology, multivalent pan-coronavirus approaches, along development several next-generation coronavirus exosome-based, virus-like particle (VLP), mucosal, nanomaterial-based vaccines. Finally, highlight key critical areas for future research address evolving threat develop strategies combating viral threats, thereby improving preparedness pandemics.
Язык: Английский