Microbial Arsenal of Antiviral Defenses – Part I

Biochemistry (Moscow), Год журнала: 2021, Номер 86(3), С. 319 - 337

Опубликована: Март 1, 2021

Abstract Bacteriophages or phages are viruses that infect bacterial cells (for the scope of this review we will also consider Archaea). Constant threat phage infection is a major force shapes evolution microbial genomes. To withstand infection, bacteria had evolved numerous strategies to avoid recognition by directly interfere with propagation inside cell. Classical molecular biology and genetic engineering have been deeply intertwined study host defenses. Nowadays, owing rise therapy, broad application CRISPR-Cas technologies, development bioinformatics approaches facilitate discovery new systems, experiences revival. This describes variety employed microbes counter focus on novel systems discovered in recent years. First chapter covers defense associated cell surface, role small molecules, innate immunity relying DNA modification.

Язык: Английский

---

The Role of Antibiotic Resistant A. baumannii in the Pathogenesis of Urinary Tract Infection and the Potential of Its Treatment with the Use of Bacteriophage Therapy

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10(3), С. 281 - 281

Опубликована: Март 9, 2021

are bacteria that belong to the critical priority group due their carbapenems and third generation cephalosporins resistance, which last-chance antibiotics. The growing multi-drug resistance ability of these form biofilms makes it difficult treat infections caused by this species, often affects people with immunodeficiency or intensive care unit patients. In addition, most associated catheterization These causative agents, inter alia, urinary tract (UTI) can cause serious medical social problems, because treatment difficulties as well possibility recurrence thus severely decrease patients' quality life. Therefore, a promising alternative standard antibiotic therapy be bacteriophage therapy, will generate lower costs safer for treated patients has real potential much more effective. aim review is outline important role drug-resistant

Язык: Английский

---

Nanotechnology Based Approaches in Phage Therapy: Overcoming the Pharmacological Barriers

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2021

With the emergence and spread of global antibiotic resistance need for searching safer alternatives, there has been resurgence in exploring use bacteriophages treatment bacterial infections referred as phage therapy. Although modern therapy come a long way demonstrated by numerous efficacy studies but fact remains that till date, not received regulatory approval human (except compassionate use).Thus, to hit clinical market, roadblocks be seriously addressed gaps mended with solution based technologies. Nanotechnology represents one such ideal powerful tool overcoming pharmacological barriers (low stability, poor in-vivo retention, targeted delivery, neutralisation immune system etc.) administered preparations.In literature, are many review articles on nanotechnology these primarily focussed highlighting lytic temperate phages different fields nano-medicine nanoprobes, nanosensors, cancer diagnostics, cell targeting, drug delivery through receptors, display etc. Reviews specifically focused driven techniques strictly improve however limited. Moreover, if present have discussing encapsulation primary method improving stability retention phage(s) body.With new advances made field nanotechnology, approaches extend from mere recently adopted newer strategies. The gives detailed insight into more recent strategies which include 1) lipid nano-carriers (liposomes, transfersomes 2) adopting microfluidic approach, surface modification methods further enhance efficiency loaded liposomes 3) Nano- emulsification approach integration microfluidics producing multiple emulsions (suitable cocktails) unique control over size, shape drop morphology 4) Phage nanofibers produced electro-spinning advanced core shell immediate, biphasic delayed release systems 5) Smart platforms allow superior dosing when required. All aimed at creating suitable housing therapeutic bacteriophage preparations while targeting issues i.e., titers, times, acting sustained target site infection, improved penetration biofilms protection attack. thus aims giving complete (2010 onwards) related various address pertaining This is essential overall index success future approval.

Язык: Английский

---

Isolation, Characterization, and Genomic Analysis of Three Novel E. coli Bacteriophages That Effectively Infect E. coli O18

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(3), С. 589 - 589

Опубликована: Март 9, 2022

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most common pathogenic bacteria worldwide. Avian E. (APEC) causes severe systemic disease in poultry (Colibacillosis), and accordingly, has an extreme risk to industry public health Due increased rate multi-drug resistance among these bacteria, it necessary find alternative therapy antibiotics treat such infections. Bacteriophages are considered best solutions. This study aimed isolate, characterize, evaluate potential use isolated bacteriophages control infections poultry. Three novel phages against O18 were from sewage water characterized vitro. The genome size three was estimated be 44,776 bp, electron microscopic analysis showed that they belonged Siphoviridae family, order Caudovirales. Phages good tolerance a broad range pH temperature. complete genomes sequenced deposited into GenBank database. closely related published identified using BLASTn alignment phylogenetic trees. prediction open reading frames (ORFs) protein-coding genes responsible for functions have been assigned as cell lysis proteins, DNA packaging structural replication/transcription/repair proteins.

Язык: Английский

---

A critical review of novel antibiotic resistance prevention approaches with a focus on postbiotics

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 19

Опубликована: Май 19, 2023

Antibiotic resistance is a significant public health issue, causing illnesses that were once easily treatable with antibiotics to develop into dangerous infections, leading substantial disability and even death. To help fight this growing threat, scientists are developing new methods techniques play crucial role in treating infections preventing the inappropriate use of antibiotics. These effective therapeutic include phage therapies, quorum-sensing inhibitors, immunotherapeutics, predatory bacteria, antimicrobial adjuvants, haemofiltration, nanoantibiotics, microbiota transplantation, plant-derived antimicrobials, RNA therapy, vaccine development, probiotics. As result activity probiotics intestine, compounds derived from structure metabolism these bacteria obtained, called postbiotics, which multiple agents various applications, especially effects, by using different mechanisms. have been chosen particular because they don't promote spread antibiotic substances can increase resistance. This manuscript provides an overview novel approaches emphasis on postbiotic metabolites gut beneficial microbes, their activities, recent related progressions food medical fields, as well concisely giving insight concept postbiotics "hyperpostbiotic"

Язык: Английский

---