The Multiple Role of Silicon Nutrition in Alleviating Environmental Stresses in Sustainable Crop Production

Plants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(9), С. 1223 - 1223

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2022

In addition to the application of macronutrients (N, P, K), there has been an increasing interest in studying effects different micronutrients on growth and development plant populations under abiotic biotic stresses. Experimental results have demonstrated role silicon mitigating environmental stresses plants (especially accumulating species). Furthermore, as content soils available can vary greatly depending soil type, many positive led increased a nutrient sustainable agriculture over last decade. The grouping species according accumulation is constantly changing result new findings. There are also research formation phytoliths their plants. use becoming more widespread crop production practices based reporting beneficial effects. Controversial obtained Si-containing materials fertilizers. Many questions remain be clarified about uptake, transport, life processes, such stress management. Future needed address these issues. This review discusses valuable tool for regulating biological Our aim was provide overview recent importance highlight possible directions further research.

Язык: Английский

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Silicon in the Soil–Plant Continuum: Intricate Feedback Mechanisms within Ecosystems

Plants, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10(4), С. 652 - 652

Опубликована: Март 30, 2021

Plants’ ability to take up silicon from the soil, accumulate it within their tissues and then reincorporate into soil through litter creates an intricate network of feedback mechanisms in ecosystems. Here, we provide a concise review silicon’s roles chemistry physics plant physiology ecology, focusing on processes that form these mechanisms. Through this analysis, demonstrate how drives ecosystem affects functioning. Consequently, show Si uptake accumulation by plants is involved several services like appropriation, biomass supply, carbon sequestration. Considering demand for food increasing global population challenges climate change, detailed understanding underlying prime importance. Silicon its role functioning thus should be main focus future research.

Язык: Английский

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Silicon: its ameliorative effect on plant defense against herbivory

Journal of Experimental Botany, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 71(21), С. 6730 - 6743

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2020

Plants protect themselves against pest attack utilizing both direct and indirect modes of defense. The mode defense includes morphological, biochemical, molecular barriers that affect feeding, growth, survival herbivores whereas the release a blend volatiles attract natural enemies pests. Both these strategies adopted by plants are reinforced if supplied with one most abundant metalloids, silicon (Si). absorb Si as silicic acid (Si(OH)4) accumulate it phytoliths, which strengthens their physical This deposition in plant tissue is up-regulated upon attack. Further, deposited apoplast, suppresses effector molecules. Additionally, up-regulates expression defense-related genes proteins activity enhances accumulation secondary metabolites, boosting induced biochemical defenses. Moreover, plays crucial role phytohormone-mediated mechanisms. It also involved reduction harmful effects oxidative stress resulting from herbivory accelerating scavenging process. Despite increasing evidence its multiple roles pests, practical implications for crop protection have received less attention. Here, we highlight recent developments Si-mediated improved resistance pests significance future use improvement.

Язык: Английский

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Integrated view of plant metabolic defense with particular focus on chewing herbivores

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 64(2), С. 449 - 475

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2021

Success of plants largely depends on their ability to defend against herbivores. Since emergence the first voracious consumers, maintained adapting structures and chemistry escape from extinction. The constant pressure was further accelerated by adaptation herbivores plant defenses, which all together sparked rise a chemical empire comprised thousands specialized metabolites currently found in plants. Metabolic diversity kingdom is truly amazing, although many have already been identified, large number potentially useful chemicals remain unexplored bio-resources. Similarly, biosynthetic routes for involve enzymes, some still wait identification biochemical characterization. Moreover, regulatory mechanisms that control gene expression enzyme activities metabolism are scarcely known. Finally, understanding how defense exert toxicity and/or repellency remains limited typical examples, such as proteinase inhibitors, cyanogenic compounds nicotine. In this review, we attempt summarizing current status quo metabolic predominantly based survey ubiquitous examples interactions with chewing

Язык: Английский

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Silicon application enhances wheat defence against Sitobion avenae F. by regulating plant physiological-biochemical responses

Basic and Applied Ecology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 74, С. 13 - 23

Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2023

Sitobion avenae F. is a highly prevalent and devastating pest in wheat crops, leading to significant yield losses. Silicon (Si) has been widely recognized as an effective inducer of plant resistance against aphids. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms governing physiological biochemical responses plants induced by Si defense S. remain incompletely understood. In this study, we conducted experiments treating leaves with varying concentrations Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) spray under aphid infestation. We meticulously observed recorded life cycle measured content hormones, secondary metabolites, activity enzymes leaves. Furthermore, utilized structural equation modeling discern causal correlation between performance physiological-biochemical TEOS sprays. Our findings revealed that concentration 3 mmol/L significantly shortened net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate finite increase, mean generation time F., while simultaneously prolonging population doubling time. Additionally, lignin, total phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannin, jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic (SA) exhibited substantial increase. phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), catalase, lipoxygenase was enhanced. results suggest reduced survival growth enhancing response aphids activating PAL PPO wheat, increasing phenolic JA. This work provides valuable insights for development appropriate fertilizers management offers robust theoretical support control through agricultural fertilization strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Silicon fertilization in maize increases attractiveness of nocturnal herbivore‐induced plant volatiles to Spodoptera frugiperda natural enemies

Pest Management Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND Silicon (Si) fertilization has been well‐documented to enhance plant resistance against insect pests by increasing the abrasiveness and toughness of leaf tissues. Additionally, Si also interacts with jasmonic acid pathway, which modulates antiherbivore induced defenses, including emission herbivore‐induced volatiles (HIPVs) that attract natural enemies. In this study, we examined influence on attractiveness nocturnal HIPVs from maize plants infested fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith), predatory earwig Doru luteipes (Scudder). RESULTS laboratory assays, found did not alter constitutive predator D . However, upon infestation FAW larvae, Si‐fertilized emitted a volatile blend was more attractive D. Although composition non‐fertilized similar, terpene neryl acetate exclusively detected in HIPV plants. Tests synthetic demonstrated alone at specific concentration CONCLUSION This study demonstrates primes indirect defenses specifically amount blend, is responsible for enhanced earwig. Thus, can act as priming agent potentially recruitment once are FAW, thereby contributing suppress pest populations. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published John Wiley & Sons Ltd behalf Society Chemical Industry.

Язык: Английский

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Silicon Induced Defense Mechanisms and Pathways of Host Resistance for Insect Pests of Field and Horticultural Crops

Silicon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(12), С. 4945 - 4969

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Harnessing plant silicon defenses for biological control of herbivorous insects

Trends in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Short‐term resistance that persists: Rapidly induced silicon anti‐herbivore defence affects carbon‐based plant defences

Functional Ecology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 35(1), С. 82 - 92

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2020

Abstract Silicon (Si) is known to alleviate diverse biotic and abiotic stresses including insect herbivory. Si accumulation in plants, notably the Poaceae, can be induced through stimulation of jasmonic acid (JA) pathway (associated with chewing herbivores). Nevertheless, temporal dynamics as a defence response its consequential effects on carbon‐based defences (e.g. phenolics), particularly short‐term, remain unclear. The model grass Brachypodium distachyon was grown hydroponic solution where half plants were supplemented 2 mM potassium silicate had no supplied. Plants treated methyl jasmonate (MeJA) form standardised simulated We measured accumulation, phytohormones JA salicylic (SA) over 24 hr determine interplay between Si, herbivory plant machinery. MeJA‐induced occurred early 6 after treatment via increased concentrations. supplementation decreased SA concentrations, which could have implications additional downstream defences. show trade‐off phenolics untreated but this relationship weakened upon MeJA treatment. Further, did not apply phenolic precursor compound, phenylalanine. provide evidence for rapidly associated herbivory, that impacts 24‐hr period. Additionally, modifies Si‐ Thus, addition well‐documented role long‐term against herbivores, we demonstrate that, short‐term scales, responds herbivore signals A free Plain Language Summary found within Supporting Information article.

Язык: Английский

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Biochar affects silicification patterns and physical traits of rice leaves cultivated in a desilicated soil (Ferric Lixisol)

Plant and Soil, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 460(1-2), С. 375 - 390

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2021

Язык: Английский

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