Lignins as Promising Renewable Biopolymers and Bioactive Compounds for High-Performance Materials

Polymers, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(15), С. 3177 - 3177

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2023

The recycling of biomass into high-value-added materials requires important developments in research and technology to create a sustainable circular economy. Lignin, as component biomass, is multipurpose aromatic polymer with significant potential be used renewable bioresource many fields which it acts both promising biopolymer bioactive compound. This comprehensive review gives brief insights the recent technological trends on lignin development utilization. It divided ten main sections, starting an outlook its diversity; properties possibilities raw material for fuels, chemicals, plastics, or thermoset substitutes; new use compound nanoparticles, hydrogels, 3D-printing-based biomaterials, energy production storage. In each section are presented preparation lignin-based especially green approaches obtaining multifunctional blends bio(nano)composites; most suitable type category envisaged products; obtained materials, etc. Different application categories within various sectors, could provide completely conversion, such agriculture environment protection, food packaging, biomedicine, cosmetics, also described. medical therapeutic lignin-derived evidenced applications antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor agents; carriers drug delivery systems controlled/targeting release; tissue engineering wound healing; coatings, natural sunscreen, surfactants. Lignin mainly fuel, and, recently, studies highlighted more bioenergy technologies, supercapacitor electrode, photocatalysts, photovoltaics.

Язык: Английский

---

Impact of Thermal Treatment and Aging on Lignin Properties in Spruce Wood: Pathways to Value-Added Applications

Polymers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(2), С. 238 - 238

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2025

Thermal modification is an environmentally friendly process that does not utilize chemical agents to enhance the stability and durability of wood. The use thermally modified wood results in a significantly extended lifespan compared with untreated wood, minimal maintenance requirements, thereby reducing carbon footprint. This study examines impact varying temperatures (160, 180, 210 °C) on lignin spruce using ThermoWood following accelerated aging Wet chemistry methods, including nitrobenzene oxidation (NBO), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), thermogravimetry (TG), differential (DTG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), were employed investigate alterations lignin. At lower temperatures, predominant reaction degradation lignin, which reduction molecular weight enhanced yield NBO (vanillin vanillic acid) products. elevated condensation repolymerization reactions become dominant processes, increasing these traits. content aged higher than has decomposition temperature. demonstrate isolated from at end its life cycle promising feedstock for carbon-based materials production variety aromatic monomers, phenols, aldehydes acids, benzene derivatives.

Язык: Английский

---

Recent Advances in Characterization and Valorization of Lignin and Its Value-Added Products: Challenges and Future Perspectives

Biomass, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(3), С. 947 - 977

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

Lignin, the earth’s second-most abundant biopolymer after cellulose, has long been relegated to low-value byproducts in pulp and paper industry. However, recent advancements valorization are transforming lignin into a sustainable versatile feedstock for producing high-value biofuels, bioplastics, specialty chemicals. This review explores conversion of lignin’s complex structure, composed syringyl (S), guaiacyl (G), p-hydroxyphenyl (H) units, value-added products. We critically assess various biochemical analytical techniques employed comprehensive characterization. Additionally, we explore strategies upgrading functionalization enhance its suitability advanced biomaterials. The emphasizes key areas valorization, including catalytic depolymerization methods, along with associated challenges advancements. discuss potential as diverse products such carbon fibers, adhesives, phenolic compounds. Furthermore, briefly inherent properties UV protectant antioxidant, alongside incorporation polymer blends composites. By presenting case studies from literature, this highlights significant economic environmental benefits waste reduction, lower greenhouse gas emissions, decreased reliance on non-renewable resources. Finally, address future perspectives achieving large-scale, techno-economically feasible, environmentally valorization.

Язык: Английский

---

The Influence of TiO2–Lignin Hybrid Fillers in Low-Density Polyethylene Composites on Photocatalytic Performance and UV-Barrier Properties

Polymers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(4), С. 474 - 474

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024

The main objective of this study was to discover new packaging materials that could integrate one the most expected properties, such as UV protection, with a self-cleaning ability defined photocatalytic performance. Accordingly, hybrid additives were used transform LDPE films into complex performance properties. In study, titanium dioxide–lignin (TL) systems weight ratio inorganic organic precursors 5-1, 1-1, and 1-5 prepared using mechanical method. obtained pristine components characterized measurement techniques research methods, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal stability analysis (TGA/DTG), electrokinetic potential function pH, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size distribution measurement. It found hydrogen bonds formed between components, based on which classified class I materials. next step, inorganic–organic fillers for low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composite, 5 10% by weight, in order determine their impact parameters tensile elongation at break. Polymer composites containing dioxide matrix then subjected test it all TiO2 structure exhibit whereby best results samples TiO2–lignin system (1-1). tests showed thin sheet had strong anisotropy due chill-roll extrusion, ranging from 1.98 3.32. UV–Vis revealed four times higher light absorption lignin present than pure LDPE, 250–450 nm range. On other hand, temperature 5% 30% loss TGA testing increased highest LDPE/TiO2 (by 20.4 °C 8.7 °C, respectively).

Язык: Английский

---

Synthesis of novel bio-based and degradable polyurethanes using lignin oligomers

Chemical Engineering Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 298, С. 120325 - 120325

Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Lignin-Based Wax Inhibitors

Energy & Fuels, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(4), С. 2898 - 2909

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

This article tested a novel concept for synthesizing green wax inhibitors. Four technical lignins were reacted with stearoyl chloride to produce esterified C18 lignin. The effect of the reaction on lignin molecular weight, characteristic FTIR spectra, and thermal degradation was surveyed. In addition, inhibition testing performed by rheology model waxy oils. grafting reactions increased mass-average weight in some cases also polydispersity index. analysis confirmed success esterification as O–H stretching band decreased, whereas C–H C═O bands significantly increased. further found occur at temperatures above 170 °C, indicating that inhibitors thermally stable enough crude oil production. gelation varied, showing low waxes benefited more than high ones. A point reduction up 6 °C after addition. After type, concentration, type it Kraft exhibited most beneficial effect. results from viscometry agreed observations rheometric point. Cross-polarized microscopy used map crystal morphology. difference only case one lignin, which yielded smaller finely dispersed crystals. conclusion, new inhibitor synthesized reacting chloride. showed activity cases. At this point, length pendant alkyl chains (C18) is likely limiting factor. However, study attributes potential synthesize

Язык: Английский

---

Interfacial Adsorption of Oil-Soluble Kraft Lignin and Stabilization of Water-in-Oil Emulsions

Langmuir, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 40(10), С. 5409 - 5419

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024

In this paper, the potential of esterified Kraft lignin as a novel oil-soluble surfactant was examined. The chemically modified by esterification with lauric or stearic acid, making it soluble in solvents such toluene n-decane. Adsorption at oil–water interface then studied Du Noüy ring-method. behaved similar to water-soluble surfactants, both qualitative and quantitative progression interfacial tension. Modeling revealed surface excess 7.5–9.0 × 10–7 mol/m2, area per molecule 185–222 Å2, diffusion coefficient within range 10–10 10–14 m2/s; all which are line existing literature on lignosulfonates. data further suggested that pendant alkyl chains were extended well into paraffinic solvent. At last, bottle tests showed able stabilize oil-in-water emulsions. emulsion stability affected concentration NaCl oil phase composition. Aromatic oils exhibited lower comparison aliphatic oil. conclusion, new type synthesized studied, may contribute developing green surfactants approaches valorize technical lignin.

Язык: Английский

---

Gecko-like adhesion at rubber/metal interfaces

Polymer Degradation and Stability, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 111171 - 111171

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

A Systematic Study of the Structural Properties of Technical Lignins

Polymers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(2), С. 214 - 214

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

Technical lignins are globally available and a sustainable feedstock. The unique properties of technical suggest that these materials should have several industrial applications. main proposal this study is to evaluate the relationship between structure two lignins. Morphological, chemical, physical, thermal sodium lignosulfonate (LGNa) magnesium (LGMg) were investigated. results showed higher formation intramolecular hydrogen bonds may occur in with content phenolic hydroxyl groups, such as LGMg. As result, an increase energy was observed, without significant change bond distances. In addition, groups might also reduce lignosulfonates stability. combustion index value three times for LGMg than LGNa. characterization revealed influence can be determining factor when used

Язык: Английский

---

Green synthesis of Ag–Fe bimetallic nanoparticles using fungal filtrates: unlocking multifunctional medical and environmental applications

RSC Advances, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3), С. 1565 - 1575

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The current investigation focuses on synthesizing Ag-Fe bimetallic nanoparticles (AgFe-BMNPs) using cell-free filtrates of the Gymnascella dankaliensis as a novel fungal reducing agent. optical, morphological, and surface properties these fungus-fabricated AgFe-BMNPs their monometallic counterparts (AgNPs FeNPs) were analyzed sophisticated nanotechnology instruments. UV-visible spectrum showed peaks at 231 nm 415 for BMNPs 450 386 AgNPs FeNPs, respectively. XRD diffractograms revealed crystallographic 32.96°, 35.32°, 49.32° with crystalline size 10.68 nm. FTIR indicates 954 cm-1 (M-O bond) 599 (M-C\M-L bond). Agglomerated, spherical mean 96.76 spotted in SEM micrographs. tested anticancer antibacterial activities, dye removal efficiency, seed germination enhancement. study found that hold promising potential application breast cancer therapy 1 μg mL-1 IC50 value. It also exhibited potent activity 50 concentration against Bacillus cereus,Serratia marcescens, megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus. A comparative batch adsorption methylene blue over 180 min capabilities 89% BMNPs. Different concentrations (0.02, 0.04, 0.08 mg mL-1) demonstrated superior efficiency up to 90% enhanced 6 h mark 91.87% water retention capacity Vigna radiata. This research underscores medical, environmental, agricultural AgFe-BMNPs, highlighting multifaceted benefits nanotechnology.

Язык: Английский

---