A Review of Methods to Modify the PDMS Surface Wettability and Their Applications

Micromachines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(6), С. 670 - 670

Опубликована: Май 21, 2024

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has attracted great attention in various fields due to its excellent properties, but inherent hydrophobicity presents challenges many applications that require controlled wettability. The purpose of this review is provide a comprehensive overview some key strategies for modifying the wettability PDMS surfaces by providing main traditional methods modification and results altering contact angle other characteristics associated with property. Four technologies are discussed, namely, oxygen plasma treatment, surfactant addition, UV-ozone incorporation nanomaterials, as these commonly selected greater availability information, their lower complexity compared new techniques, cost them. Oxygen treatment widely used method improving hydrophilicity introducing polar functional groups through oxidation reactions. addition surfactants provides versatile PDMS, where selection concentration play an important role achieving desired surface properties. effective increasing energy inducing oxidation, generating hydrophilic groups. Furthermore, nanomaterials into matrices represents promising route wettability, adjustable properties dispersion interfacial interactions. synergistic effect such nanoparticles nanotubes, helps improve wetting behaviour energy. present discusses recent advances each technique highlights underlying mechanisms, advantages, limitations. Additionally, trends future prospects importance tailoring ranging from microfluidics biomedical devices highlighted. Traditional often chosen modify because they have more information available literature, less complex than also expensive.

Язык: Английский

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The Impact of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) in Engineering: Recent Advances and Applications

Fluids, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(2), С. 41 - 41

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2025

Since the introduction of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices at beginning 21st century, this elastomeric polymer has gained significant attention in engineering community due to its biocompatibility, exceptional mechanical and optical properties, thermal stability, versatility. PDMS been widely used for vitro experiments ranging from macro- nanoscale, enabling advances blood flow studies, biomodels improvement, numerical validations. devices, including systems, have employed investigate different kinds fluids phenomena such as flow, analogues, deformation individual cells cell free layer (CFL). The most recent applications involve complex hemodynamic studies aneurysms organ-on-a-chip (OoC) platforms. Furthermore, distinctive properties PDMS, transparency, versality inspired innovative beyond biomedical applications, development transparent, virus-protective face masks, those SARS-CoV-2 serpentine heat exchangers enhance transfer energy efficiency systems. This review provides a comprehensive overview current research performed with outlines some future directions, particular engineering, biomicrofluidics, biomodels, transfer, masks. Additionally, challenges related hydrophobicity, molecule absorption, long-term stability are discussed alongside solutions proposed studies.

Язык: Английский

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Intelligent Microfluidics for Plasma Separation: Integrating Computational Fluid Dynamics and Machine Learning for Optimized Microchannel Design

Biosensors, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(2), С. 94 - 94

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025

Efficient separation of blood plasma and Packed Cell Volume (PCV) is vital for rapid sensing early disease detection, especially in point-of-care resource-limited environments. Conventional centrifugation methods are resource-intensive, time-consuming, off-chip, necessitating innovative alternatives. This study introduces "Intelligent Microfluidics", an ML-integrated microfluidic platform designed to optimize through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The trifurcation microchannel, modeled using COMSOL Multiphysics, achieved yields 90-95% across varying inflow velocities (0.0001-0.05 m/s). input parameters mimic the viscosity density used with appropriate boundary conditions microchannels. Eight supervised ML algorithms, including Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), were employed predict key performance parameters, ANN achieving highest predictive accuracy (R2 = 0.97). Unlike traditional methods, this demonstrates scalability, portability, diagnostic potential, revolutionizing clinical workflows by enabling efficient real-time, diagnostics. By incorporating a detailed comparative analysis previous studies, efficiency, our work underscores superior ML-enhanced systems. platform's robust adaptable design particularly promising healthcare applications remote or resource-constrained settings where reliable tools urgently needed. novel approach establishes foundation developing next-generation, portable technologies tailored demands.

Язык: Английский

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Sample preparation for lab-on-a-chip/microfluidic sample preparation

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

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Siloxane-Free Silicon-Based Copolymer for In-Tube Solid-Phase Microextraction

ACS Applied Polymer Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Control of viscoplastic fluid dynamics in superhydrophobic channels with asymmetric groove configurations

Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 105420 - 105420

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Low-cost scalable fabrication of functionalized optical waveguide arrays for gas sensing application

The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes: Emerging Nanomaterials for Enhanced Cancer Diagnosis and Imaging

Molecules, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 30(11), С. 2364 - 2364

Опубликована: Май 29, 2025

Cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, highlighting the critical need for effective early diagnosis. Despite advancements in treatment, detection and imaging continue to pose significant challenges. Functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as promising nanomaterials due their unique structural properties versatile functionalization strategies. This review explores role both covalent (e.g., fluorination, hydrogenation, cycloadditions, aryldiazonium salt reduction, organometallic ion attachment, carboxylation, amidation, esterification, metallic nanoparticle attachments) non-covalent methods surfactant coating, polymer wrapping, biomolecule encapsulation) enhancing CNT biocompatibility diagnostic efficiency. CNTs are extensively applied cancer through highly sensitive biosensors, including electrochemical, optical, field-effect transistor-based systems, capable detecting various biomarkers with exceptional sensitivity. Additionally, they offer advantages modalities such fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance (MRI), computed tomography (CT), ultrasound improving contrast, resolution, specificity. also discusses challenges future directions development CNT-based platforms, emphasizing continued research advance clinical translation integration into routine diagnostics.

Язык: Английский

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Vorticity‐Facilitated Platelet Aggregation: a High Expansion‐Ratio Stenotic Microfluidic Platform Unravels the Role of Complex Flow Dynamics in Arterial Thrombosis

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2025

Abstract Complex flow patterns play a critical role in arterial thrombosis, yet the specific contribution of vorticity—the rotational component fluid flow—remains poorly understood. An innovative microfluidic platform with systematically varied expansion angles (β = 30°‐150°) double stenosis design is developed to isolate vorticity's effects under controlled conditions. The high expansion‐ratio device sharp‐angled geometries successfully generates distinct vortical patterns, confirmed through computational and experimental visualizations. Real‐time confocal microscopy revealed strong positive correlation ( r 0.6698) between vorticity magnitude thrombus size, high‐vorticity conditions producing thrombi up four times larger than low‐vorticity settings. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated enhanced von Willebrand Factor (vWF) accumulation platelet integrin activation environments. Platelets regions exhibited α IIb β 3 intermediate states significantly calcium signaling, suggesting amplifies mechanosensing pathways. Inhibition interaction vWF glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) receptor abolished biomechanical aggregation regions. These findings provide valuable insights into thrombosis complex environments significant implications for optimizing medical devices minimize thrombotic complications associated vortex formation.

Язык: Английский

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Physicochemically modified polymer-based fluidic gates with tunable wetting properties for intelligent liquid manipulations

Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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