Various Approaches for the Detoxification of Toxic Dyes in Wastewater

Processes, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(10), С. 1968 - 1968

Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2022

Use of dyes as well colorants in industrial processes has extensively increased. Effluents from various industries such textile, paint, food, etc. are reported to have a diverse range colorants. The effluents these often released into natural water bodies, causing serious and environmental pollution, which humans other species constantly exposed. Continued changes climate also affected availability for people around the world. Thus, advanced treatments removal harmful contaminants municipal wastewater becoming increasingly important. Removal can be done variety ways, including physical, chemical, biological treatments. These technologies, however, differ terms efficiency, cost, effect. There many technological economic challenges treatment methods currently available. search most suitable strategy successful degradation or is an urgent requirement. Previously published research suggests that use enzymes dye more effective compared traditional techniques. Nanoparticles, with their exceptional physicochemical features, potential tackle problem purification less energy-intensive way. However, extensive standardization would necessity different nanoparticles. Therefore, intense nanoparticle-based technologies may provide much needed solution remediation wastewater.

Язык: Английский

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Bioaccumulation of metals and metalloids in seafood: A comprehensive overview of mobilization, interactive effects in eutrophic environments, and implications for public health risks

Journal of Trace Elements and Minerals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8, С. 100141 - 100141

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2024

This article delves into the intricate dynamics of metals and metalloids (MEs MLOIDs) bioaccumulation in seafood, with a focus on mobilization processes interactive effects eutrophic environments. It unveils critical insights mechanisms influencing contaminant concentration marine organisms, thoroughly examines implications for public health risks. The study emphasizes multifaceted challenges posed by MEs MLOIDs highlighting necessity understanding these complexities to develop effective strategies mitigating environmental impact safeguarding health. overview comprehensively explores biomagnification within aquatic ecosystems, covering sources, entry mechanisms, speciation, transformation. investigates gradual buildup substances species tissue, emphasizing use biomonitoring metal pollution assessing risks associated consuming contaminated seafood. Key considerations include dietary exposure, processing toxic contents, bioavailability elements seafood products. constructive biomarkers as crucial indicators contamination, ranging from metallothioneins (MTs) DNA damage biomarkers. evaluates their role monitoring, risk assessment, regulatory measures, integration exposure effect comprehensive approach ensuring quality safety advocates ongoing research refining biomarkers, exploring isotopic ratios, methods. underscores importance collaborative efforts among scientists, bodies, industry tailor measures regional contexts. envisions proactive informed strategy foster conservation well-being response contamination

Язык: Английский

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Detecting Intestinal Goblet Cells of the Broadgilled Hagfish Eptatretus cirrhatus (Forster, 1801): A Confocal Microscopy Evaluation

Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(9), С. 1366 - 1366

Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2022

The fish intestine operates as a complicated interface between the organism and environment, providing biological mechanical protections result of viscous layer mucus released by goblet cells, which serves barrier against bacteria, viruses, other pathogens, contributes to functions immune system. Therefore, cells have role in preserving health body secreting acting sentinels. ancient jawless broadgilled hagfish (Eptatretus cirrhatus, Forster, 1801) has very basic digestive system because it lacks stomach. By examining presence, localization, co-localization 5-HT, TLR2, iNOS, Piscidin1, this study intends provide insight into potential contributions arranged gut hagfish. Our results characterize intestinal hagfish, for first time, with former antibodies, suggesting hypothesis conservation roles played these also primitive vertebrates. Moreover, deepens knowledge about still little-known

Язык: Английский

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Coelomocytes of the Oligochaeta earthworm Lumbricus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758) as evolutionary key of defense: a morphological study

Zoological Letters, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Март 4, 2023

Abstract Metazoans have several mechanisms of internal defense for their survival. The system evolved alongside the organisms. Annelidae circulating coelomocytes that perform functions comparable to phagocytic immune cells vertebrates. Several studies shown these are involved in phagocytosis, opsonization, and pathogen recognition processes. Like vertebrate macrophages, permeate organs from coelomic cavity capture or encapsulate pathogens, reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO). Furthermore, they produce a range bioactive proteins response detoxification through lysosomal system. Coelomocytes can also participate lithic reactions against target release antimicrobial peptides. Our study immunohistochemically identify Lumbricus terrestris scattered epidermal connective layer below, both longitudinal smooth muscle layer, immunoreactive TLR2, CD14 α-Tubulin first time. TLR2 not fully colocalized with each other, suggesting may belong two distinct families. expression molecules on confirms crucial role Oligochaeta protostomes, phylogenetic conservation receptors. These data could provide further insights into understanding Annelida complex

Язык: Английский

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Confocal Identification of Immune Molecules in Skin Club Cells of Zebrafish (Danio rerio, Hamilton 1882) and Their Possible Role in Immunity

Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(11), С. 1653 - 1653

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2022

The immune system of a fish has cellular and molecular defense mechanisms that are substantially retained throughout the evolution vertebrates. innate provides biological processes, such as phagocytosis mechanical barriers, to implement an efficient defensive response after exposure chemical or contaminants, pollutants, contact with parasites, germs, pathogens. Club cells (CCs) widespread in skin Ostariophysi. After predator attack toxins these can produce alarming substances. Given their effectiveness against viruses, common lesions, recent studies have suggested CCs component system. This study aims immunohistochemically characterize for first time zebrafish, using mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38, Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, Piscidin1, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) peptides involved function all types vertebrate cells. According our analysis, intermediate layer epidermis exhibited rounded, oval, elongated CCs, central acidophilic cytoplasm spherical basophilic nucleus, positive antibodies tested. Our results may confirm could be function, increasing knowledge teleosts.

Язык: Английский

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Metalliferous atmospheric settleable particulate matter action on the fat snook fish (Centropomus parallelus): Metal bioaccumulation, antioxidant responses and histological changes in gills, hepatopancreas and kidneys.

Chemosphere, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 330, С. 138715 - 138715

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Melanomacrophage centers in Gymnotus carapo as environmental bioindicators: histological and morphometric analysis in kidney, liver, and spleen

Journal of Molecular Histology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 56(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Chronic Exposure to Palm Oil Mill Effluent Induces Oxidative Stress and Histopathological Changes in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 490, С. 137844 - 137844

Опубликована: Март 4, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Risk Assessment of Essential and Toxic Elements in Freshwater Fish Species from Lakes near Black Sea, Bulgaria

Toxics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(11), С. 675 - 675

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2022

The aims of this study were to measure the concentrations selected toxic and essential elements in muscle tissue five common freshwater fish species ((roach (Rutilus rutilus), bream (Abramis brama), prussian carp (Carassius gibelio), crucian carassius) (Cyprinus carpio)) from Lake Burgas Mandra (Bulgaria). In all samples levels Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Fe Zn under maximum allowed for safe human consumption Bulgaria ranged as follows: Cd 0.02-0.05; Cr 0.03-0.06; Cu 0.11-0.20; Mn 0.05-0.71; Ni 0.06-0.11; Pb 0.15-0.27, 1.68-5.86 1.94-9.06 mg/kg wet weight. concentration As was detection limit. An assessment risk by calculation target hazard quotients (THQ), index (HI) (TR) performed. quotient (THQ) individual HI combined metals lower than 1, indicating no health consumers due intake either or metals. iAs, below 10-6, carcinogenic risk. According these results, is health.

Язык: Английский

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Olfactory Impairment and Recovery in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Following Cadmium Exposure

Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1), С. 77 - 77

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Anthropic activities have significantly elevated cadmium levels, making it a significant stressor in aquatic ecosystems. Present high concentrations across water bodies, is known to bioaccumulate and biomagnify throughout the food chain. While toxic effects of on organs tissues species are well-documented, little about its impact sensory systems crucial for survival. Consequently, this study investigated short-term exposure (96 h) 25 µM chloride olfactory system adult zebrafish. The research aimed assess structural functional changes zebrafish's lamellae, providing deeper understanding how affects sense smell species. After exposure, cyto-anatomical alterations lamellae were analysed using light microscopy immunocytochemistry. They revealed severe lamellar edema, epithelial thickening, an increased number apoptotic crypt cells. Rodlet goblet cells also by 3.5- 2.5-fold, respectively, compared control collagen density lamina propria 1.7-fold. Cadmium upregulated metallothioneins PCNA-positive function was assessed through behavioural odour recognition test, followed recovery phase which zebrafish exposed placed clean six days. fish performed poorly, failing reach five consecutive trials. However, damage reduced after period, their performance improved, becoming comparable group. These results suggest that disrupts smell, possible exposure. This evidence sheds aspects animal survival often overlooked when assessing environmental pollution.

Язык: Английский

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