Impacts of glyphosate-based herbicides on the reproduction of forest understory plants and visitation by bumble bees (Bombus spp.) DOI Open Access

Alexandra Golt

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Glyphosate is the active ingredient in many common broad-spectrum herbicides used forestry operations to reduce presence of unwanted, competitive plant species. As a result aerial applications, non-target forest understory plants receive sublethal dose glyphosate-based (GBH) and develop abnormalities such as changes reproductive morphology. inhibits enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) shikimate pathway which produces crucial aromatic amino acids for growth other biochemical processes. There very limited information on long-term impacts GBH reproduction, fruit production, vegetation production. Additionally, there are resources that discuss detection visitation by bumble bees (Bombus spp.). The objectives this research were to: 1) quantify glyphosate residues present Chamaenerion angustifolium flowers samples Bombus spp. found areas treated with GBH; 2) compare stamen fluorescence C. (fireweed) from untreated operational settings; 3) abundance occurrence different cutblocks one- two-years post application compared control sites; 4) plants; 5) pollen viability, leaf-out, production variety important food-producing herbicide sites settings. I amount residue floral tissues remained similar between treatment. also have an impact male structures plants. was reduction emission blue spectral wavelengths anthers due treatment could lead photoreceptor their compound eyes will be less likely detect flower bee drawn it. increase hue saturation indicates presentation dominant wavelength may no longer wavelength. My findings indicate do not time individual spends foraging flower. influences characteristics related during foraging. This affects number present, but how long visits nor effort once they viability seen one-year post-application year two after indicating initially large quality recovery over time. Lastly, my resulted leafout multiple post-glyphosate reality greater implications ecological roles fruit-producing availability food animals than previously acknowledged.

Язык: Английский

Pesticide impacts on insect pollinators: Current knowledge and future research challenges DOI
Parthiba Basu, Hien T. Ngo, Marcelo A. Aizen

и другие.

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 954, С. 176656 - 176656

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

7
Unveiling chemical industry secrets: Insights gleaned from scientific literatures that examine internal chemical corporate documents—A scoping review DOI Creative Commons
Blue Miaoran Dong, Marc‐André Gagnon

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20(1), С. e0310116 - e0310116

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Objective Examine peer-reviewed scientific articles that used internal industry documents in the chemical sector to reveal corporate influence. Summarize sources of prior papers identify ongoing strategies within field. Compare identified with ones already pharmaceutical sector. Propose a theoretical framework for categorizing and examining different form capture at play. Design Performed scoping review pinpoint employing industry/corporate Methods We conducted systematic search using broad case study-derived keywords, detailed S1 Appendix. This resulted 351 from 28 databases, encompassing analyzing corporations. complemented our efforts snowball sampling method uncover additional studies journal not initially captured by search. Results were categorized analyzed Marc-Andre Gagnon Sergio Sismondo’s ghost management framework. The final results included 18 papers. Legal proceedings served as primary source document data all examined articles. uncovered dynamic employed corporations protect advance their interests, including (n = 16), regulatory 15), professional 7), civil society 6), media 4), legal technological 3), market 2). Comparative analysis limited literature meeting criteria confirms early findings Wieland et al, highlighting research gap industry. Our analysis, building on ghost-management framework, shows emphasis way understand play compared In contrast Dong’s review, which 37 before 2022, lower count, only identified. Notably, vast majority both sectors an capture. However, area reveals significant distinction: 6 related this dimension, 15 body work suggests existing is particularly concerned how navigates circumvents oversight. Both industries employ involving conflicts interest legitimization actions shield themselves public policy scrutiny interests. goals seem be significantly different. industry’s tends maximizing profits through biased promotion health products, whereas more inclined identifying institutionalizing ignorance about risks, evading accountability, preventing actions. Strengths can strategically institutionalizes manage business risks. It exposes intentional promote foster interest, thereby legitimizing models safeguarding shared Dataverse/ Borealis platform ( https://doi.org/10.5683/SP3/EOIOAU ), making them accessible future apply same analytical seamlessly. Limitations excluded did meet criteria, prioritizing those uncovering covert captures. Beyond literature, various grey have quality investigations industry, many leaked often available toxicdocs.org, literature. Also, concentration other captures investigated publicly resources. Despite searching languages, no relevant publications found outside English. presents opportunity conduct separate review.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
The politics of glyphosate regulation: lessons from Sri Lanka’s short-lived ban DOI Creative Commons
Tim Dorlach, Sandya Nishanthi Gunasekara

Globalization and Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2023

Glyphosate is the world's most used herbicide and a central component of modern industrial agriculture. It has also been linked to variety negative health environmental effects. For instance, International Agency for Research on Cancer classified glyphosate as "probably carcinogenic humans" in 2015. This motivated widespread political demands stricter regulation but so far few governments have followed through.We conduct case study Sri Lanka, which 2015 became first only country world adopt implement complete ban. But this ban proved be short-lived, it was partially reversed 2018 (and later fully revoked 2022). To explain causes Lanka's pioneering its subsequent reversal, we employ process tracing methods drawing publicly available documents. Our analysis theoretically guided by multiple streams framework concept self-undermining policy feedback.Glyphosate rose top Lankan agenda 2014 when local scientist exposure an epidemic Chronic Kidney Disease Unknown Origin (CKDu). A eventually adopted June newly elected government Maithripala Sirisena. The commitment made Buddhist monk Rathana Thero his party, had supported Sirisena during presidential campaign. ban's partial reversal 2018, implemented through sectoral exceptions, result continued lobbying export-oriented plantation industries increased concerns about potential effects large structurally powerful tea sector. further aided scientific community's failure corroborate hypothesized link between CKDu.The Lanka suggests that strict becomes more likely coupled with locally salient risks decision-making authority de-delegated from regulatory agencies back executive. Meanwhile, short-lived nature faces sustainability threats, apparent lack cost-effective alternative herbicides motivates persistent business reversal.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Mapping commercial practices of the pesticide industry to shape science and policymaking: a scoping review DOI Creative Commons
Lisa Schölin, Mark Petticrew, Jeff Collin

и другие.

Health Promotion International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 40(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Abstract There is a growing body of evidence for how health harming industries (HHIs) engage in similar practices to influence science and policymaking. However, limited attention has been paid the pesticide industry within commercial determinants (CDOH) field. We conducted scoping review map adopted by policymaking assess breadth focus associated literature. included 31 documents categorized extracted data using typology practices. The described major companies, their trade bodies, have acted maintain favourable regulatory environments while undermining credibility researchers agencies that publish findings threatening interests. A large proportion literature consists historical analyses, narrative reviews, commentaries/perspective pieces, investigative reports published grey literature, predominantly informed analysis internal freedom information requests. Most studies on high-income settings. were number primary peer-reviewed empirical explicitly aimed study from CDOH perspective. our show companies adopt political scientific highly other HHIs. shows critical need research industry’s current low- middle-income countries where negative impacts its activities environment are likely be more marked.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Additional common milkweed would help Canada meet its share of the trinational eastern migratory monarch butterfly recovery target DOI Creative Commons
Greg W. Mitchell,

Patrick Kirby,

Jason Duffe

и другие.

FACETS, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10, С. 1 - 14

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The eastern migratory monarch butterfly ( Danaus plexippus) population has declined by ∼84% between 1993 and 2024. Population recovery in the Midwestern United States is limited availability of monarch's main host plant for egg laying—common milkweed Asclepias syriaca). extent to which common limiting other breeding regions unknown. Our objective was determine whether Canada enough support its share trinational target, given ∼29 stems are needed contribute one adult into fall population. To meet this objective, we estimated number using published estimates land cover type. We also size Canadian if target achieved wintering density Mexico, migration survival rates, relative proportion monarchs entering from Canada. estimate that currently 484 million (range: 111 million–1 billion stems) increasing amount 1.61 times (i.e., ∼295 stems), or equivalently, 61%, would target.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
A Narrative Review of Contemporary Lethal Pesticides: Unveiling the Ongoing Threat of Pesticide Poisoning DOI Creative Commons
Sangchun Choi,

Gi Woon Kim,

Hoon Lim

и другие.

Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(4), С. 335 - 348

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2024

Following the 2011 ban on paraquat sales, Korea has witnessed a significant reduction in mortality rate associated with acute pesticide poisoning. Traditionally, and diquat, alongside several highly toxic organophosphates, carbamates, organochlorine insecticides, have been recognized as culprits causing fatalities among patients However, despite global efforts to curtail use of these pesticides, certain pesticides still exhibit level lethality surpassing their established clinical toxicity profiles. Understanding progression is paramount for physicians toxicologists, it holds potential enhance patient prognoses cases This review aims address persistence such lethal which continue pose grave threat victims

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
Current-use pesticide exposures in remote Inuit communities DOI Creative Commons
Amira Aker,

Pierre Ayotte,

Éric Gaudreau

и другие.

International Journal of Circumpolar Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 83(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2024

The global use of pesticides is increasing; however, few studies have examined the exposure current-use pesticide in Inuit populations. Some current are also capable long-range transport, potentially increasing exposures to northern study aim was analyse (chlorophenoxy, organophosphates, and pyrethroid pesticide) biomarker levels pooled samples from an population Nunavik, Quebec. Thirty Qanuilirpitaa? 2017 survey (Q2017) individuals aged 16-80 years were included. Creatinine-adjusted arithmetic (AM) compared by sex, age, region sub-groups, geometric mean concentrations (GM) those Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS). Most analysed biomarkers detected, PNP (a metabolite methyl ethyl parathion), trans-DCCA pyrethroids), 3,5,6-TCP chlorpyrifos) had highest concentrations. Concentrations Q2017 largely similar or less than CHMS Although not significant, there a general increase 2,4-D chlorophenoxy biomarker), 3,5,6-TCP, 3-PBA with age. somewhat higher females versus males, but these significant. Environmental detected Nunavik population. Regular monitoring recommended given pesticides.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Impact of Endocrine Disruptors on the Genitourinary Tract DOI Creative Commons
Christophe Caneparo,

Laurence Carignan,

Elena Lonina

и другие.

Journal of Xenobiotics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(4), С. 1849 - 1888

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2024

Over the last decades, human species has seen an increase in incidence of pathologies linked to genitourinary tract. Observations animals have allowed us link these increases, at least part, changes environment and, particular, increasing presence endocrine disruptors. These can be physical agents, such as light or heat; natural products, phytoestrogens; chemicals produced by humans. Endocrine disruptors may interfere with signaling pathways mediated system, particularly those sex hormones. factors and their general effects are presented before focusing on male female tracts describing anatomy, development, pathologies, including bladder prostate cancer.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Time to improve transparency at Health Canada’s Pest Management Regulatory Agency DOI Creative Commons
Marc‐André Gagnon,

Marie-Hélène Bacon

Canadian Medical Association Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 195(46), С. E1583 - E1584

Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2023

KEY POINTS In 2021, Health Canada’s Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA) proposed doubling the maximum residue limits for glyphosate in some food products, such as oats and beans.[1][1] This proposal, made at Bayer-Monsanto’s request,[2][2] raised serious concerns about health impact of

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
The “Monsanto papers” and the nature of ghostwriting and related practices in contemporary peer review scientific literature DOI
Alastair Matheson

Accountability in Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 30

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2023

The Monsanto company - now acquired by Bayer has been accused of ghostwriting articles within peer review literature, with the goal using influential names to front its content in defence herbicide Roundup. Here, I conduct a detailed analysis three and five-article journal supplement for which information from emails is publicly available following litigation over All had external, but not authors, ghostly practices including ghost authorship, corporate authorship management were evident their development. There was clear evidence that is, drafting manuscript non-authors only two cases. found no undeserving among external authors. complied disclosure requirements journals, save supplement. While crude did occur, much literature involved subtler through exercised control content, while attribution downplayed company's role correspondingly aggrandized Such are widespread industry responsibility byline authors journals as well corporations. discuss these cultural problems consider remedies.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1