Benzoyl Peroxide's Sensitisation Potential and Potency in Experimental Methods and Review of Contact Allergy and Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Contact Dermatitis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

ABSTRACT Positive patch test responses to benzoyl peroxide (BPO) have been reported from patients without and with known exposure. Up 6.5% were found in the United States 7.8% a study including Germany, Austria Switzerland. We provide an overview of skin sensitisation potential potency BPO based on animal experiments non‐animal methods. tested positive Guinea Pig Tests Local Lymph Node Assay. Application current OECD guideline identify sensitizer by combining method results gave differing outcomes. Moreover, considered determine importance as relevant occupational contact allergen. Another well‐known exposure is topical application treat acne. Despite widespread use, extensive long‐term exposure, we for this group only studies reporting few reactions. Further, handling allergy dental technicians. In‐depth evaluation prevalence different professions suspected did not reveal association BPO. Consequently, generally increased risk those supported.

Язык: Английский

Skin Sensitization Potential of Sensitizers in the Presence of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles In Vitro

Nanomaterials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(22), С. 1811 - 1811

Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2024

Silica (SiO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in dermal products. Their skin sensitization potential, especially their effects combination with known sensitizers, is poorly studied vitro inconsistently reported animal studies. In this study, cellular assays were to identify different steps of sensitization, the activation keratinocytes dendritic cells, when cells exposed these NPs absence presence sensitizers. Cellular systems included HaCaT U937 (U-SENS™) alone, as well co-culture THP-1 (COCAT) primary keratinocytes. The effect differed between co-cultures U-SENS™, whereas either or responded similarly. Pre-exposure ZnO increased U-SENS™ assay response 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene six-fold. COCAT increase was maximally four-fold for SiO2 trans cinnamaldehyde. When separated from by a membrane, system more similar U-SENS™. direct contact decreased modulating TiO2 but suggested an sensitizers following NPs.

Язык: Английский

Nanotoxicology: developments and new insights

Nanomedicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(2), С. 225 - 241

Опубликована: Дек. 26, 2024

The use of nanoparticles (NPs) in treatment diseases have increased exponentially recently, giving rise to the science nanomedicine. safety these NPs humans has also led nanotoxicology. Due a dearth both readily available models and precise bio-dispersion characterization techniques, nanotoxicological research obviously been constrained. However, ensuing years were notable for emergence improved synthesis methods tools. Major advances made linking certain physical variables, paralleling improvements size, shape, or coating factors resulting physiological reactions. Although significant progress contribution development nanotoxicology, however, it faces numerous difficulties technical constraints distinct from those conventional toxicological assessment as attempts improve therapeutic effects medicines. Determining thorough standards, standardizing dosimetry, assessing kinetics ions dissolving enhancing accuracy vitro-in vivo correlation efficiency, defining restrictions on exposure protection are some most important pressing concerns. This article will explore past advancement potential prospects standard models, emphasizing findings earlier studies examining current challenges, insight way forward.

Язык: Английский