Journal of Leukocyte Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
115(6), С. 1131 - 1142
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024
Abstract
Because
one-third
of
patients
deteriorate
after
their
admission
to
the
emergency
department,
assessing
prognosis
COVID-19
is
great
importance.
However,
date,
only
lymphopenia
and
partial
pressure
oxygen/fraction
inspired
oxygen
(PaO2/FiO2)
ratio
have
been
reported
as
partly
predictive
COVID-19–related
further
deterioration,
association
has
not
evaluated.
We
asked
whether
other
key
biomarkers
SARS-CoV-2
immunologic
defects—increase
in
circulating
immature
granulocytes,
loss
monocyte
HLA-DR
(mHLA-DR)
expression,
differentiation
blockade—could
also
predict
deterioration.
A
series
284
consecutive
patients,
with
sole
inclusion
criterion
being
an
adult,
were
prospectively
enrolled
at
department
(day
0)
2
different
hospitals:
1
for
exploratory
cohort
(180
patients)
confirmatory
(104
patients).
Deterioration
was
assessed
over
next
7
days.
Neither
increased
granulocyte
levels
nor
blockade
predicted
patient
worsening.
Among
more
than
30
clinical,
biological,
radiological
parameters,
value
decreased
P/F
prediction
deterioration
strongly
confirmed,
mHLA-DR
additional
independent
marker.
Combined
together
a
simple
OxyLymphoMono
score,
3
variables
perfectly
who
did
worsen
correctly
worsening
59%
cases.
By
highlighting
lymphocyte
defects
preceding
these
results
point
on
early
immunosuppression
Combining
ratio,
lymphopenia,
robust
score
could
offer
pragmatic
method
stratification.
Journal of Autoimmunity,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
137, С. 102979 - 102979
Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2022
Genetic
deficiencies
of
early
components
the
classical
complement
activation
pathway
(especially
C1q,
r,
s,
and
C4)
are
strongest
monogenic
causal
factors
for
prototypic
autoimmune
disease
systemic
lupus
erythematosus
(SLE),
but
their
prevalence
is
extremely
rare.
In
contrast,
isotype
genetic
deficiency
C4A
acquired
C1q
by
autoantibodies
frequent
among
patients
with
SLE.
Here
we
review
basis
in
disease,
discuss
complex
diversity
seen
C4
its
association
provide
guidance
as
to
when
clinicians
should
suspect
test
deficiencies,
outline
current
understanding
mechanisms
relating
autoimmunity.
We
focus
primarily
on
SLE,
role
SLE
well-established,
will
also
other
informative
diseases
such
inflammatory
arthritis
myositis.
Veterinary Research,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
53(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2022
Bovine
respiratory
disease
(BRD)
is
one
of
the
most
important
diseases
impacting
global
cattle
industry,
resulting
in
significant
economic
loss.
Commonly
referred
to
as
shipping
fever,
BRD
especially
concerning
for
young
calves
during
transport
when
they
are
susceptible
developing
disease.
Despite
years
extensive
study,
managing
remains
challenging
its
aetiology
involves
complex
interactions
between
pathogens,
environmental
and
host
factors.
While
at
beginning
twentieth
century,
scientists
believed
that
was
only
caused
by
bacterial
infections
("bovine
pasteurellosis"),
we
now
know
viruses
play
a
key
role
induction.
Mixtures
pathogenic
bacteria
frequently
isolated
from
secretions
animals
with
illness.
The
increased
diagnostic
screening
data
has
changed
our
understanding
pathogens
contributing
development.
In
this
review,
aim
comprehensively
examine
experimental
evidence
all
existing
studies
performed
understand
coinfections
cattle.
fact
pneumonia
not
always
been
successfully
reproduced
vivo
calf
modelling,
several
attempted
investigate
clinical
significance
different
pathogens.
studied
model
induction
primary
viral
infection
followed
secondary
superinfection,
strong
suggesting
could
potentially
be
common
scenarios
onset.
Different
vitro
indicated
priming
may
increase
adherence
colonization
tract,
possible
mechanism
underpinning
bronchopneumonia
onset
addition,
few
on
demonstrated
also
pathogenicity
and,
similarly,
dual
two
severity
lesions.
Therefore,
pathogen
dynamics
hypothesized
which
limited
superinfection.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2023
Objective
To
find
out
how
bacterial
lung
infections
(BLI)
affect
the
effectiveness
of
therapy
and
rate
pneumonia
caused
by
related
to
checkpoint
inhibitors
(CIP)
in
patients
with
non-small
cell
cancer
(NSCLC)
who
are
getting
immunotherapy
(ICIs).
Patients
methods
507
NSCLC
received
at
least
two
ICI
treatments
between
June
2020
December
2022
Affiliated
Hospital
Kunming
University
Science
Technology(AHKUST)
were
included
a
retrospective
cohort
study.
Based
on
whether
there
was
concurrent
BLI
diagnosis
from
high-resolution
CT
scans
chest,
divided
into
groups:
238
group
(NSCLC-BLI
group),
269
alone
group.
The
collected
therapeutic
outcome
measures
objective
response
(ORR),
progression-free
survival
(PFS),
overall
(OS),
incidence
CIP.
We
analyzed
effect
efficacy
treatment
CIP
patients.Inclusion
criteria
based
staged
I
IV
according
8th
edition
International
Association
for
Lung
Cancer
Research
(IASLC)
Results
NSCLC-BLI
showed
superior
ORR
when
treated
ICIs.
Multifactorial
logistic
regression
Cox
analyses,
adjusted
confounders,
identified
as
an
independent
positive
prognostic
factor
(HR=0.482,
95%CI:
0.391-0.550;
P<0.001)
PFS
(HR=0.619;
0.551-0.771;
P<0.001).
No
correlation
OS
found.
Out
26
cases
CIP,
12
14
group,
no
significant
difference
(P=0.145).
Conclusion
receiving
show
compared
without
increased
risk,
positioning
predictive
improved
outcomes
However,
study
has
limitations
including
its
nature
lacking
data
bacteria
types
levels,
which
could
influence
outcomes.
Journal of Medical Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
72(11)
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023
Introduction.
Respiratory
tract
infection,
which
is
associated
with
high
morbidity
and
mortality,
occurs
frequently
in
children.
At
present,
the
main
diagnostic
method
culture.
However,
low
pathogen
detection
rate
of
culture
approach
prevents
timely
accurate
diagnosis.
Fortunately,
next-generation
sequencing
(NGS)
can
compensate
for
deficiency
culture,
its
application
clinical
diagnostics
has
become
increasingly
available.Gap
Statement.
Targeted
NGS
(tNGS)
a
platform
that
select
enrich
specific
regions
before
data
enter
pipeline.
performance
tNGS
respiratory
pathogens
antimicrobial
resistance
genes
(ARGs)
infections
children
unclear.Aim
methodology.
In
this
study,
we
estimated
ARGs
47
bronchoalveolar
lavage
fluid
(BALF)
specimens
from
using
conventional
susceptibility
testing
(AST)
as
gold
standard.Results.
RPIP
(Respiratory
Pathogen
ID/AMR
enrichment)
generated
almost
500
000
reads
each
specimen.
pathogens,
showed
targeted
superiority
detecting
difficult-to-culture
bacteria,
including
Mycoplasma
pneumoniae.
Compared
results
sensitivity
specificity
were
84.4
%
(confidence
interval
70.5-93.5
%)
97.7
(95.9
-98.8%),
respectively.
Moreover,
single
infection
was
detected
10
BALF
specimens,
multiple
34,
largest
number
bacterial/viral
coinfections.
Nevertheless,
there
also
three
where
no
detected.
Furthermore,
analysed
drug
containing
Streptococcus
pneumoniae,
25
out
study.
A
total
58
tetracycline,
macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin,
beta-lactams,
sulfonamide
aminoglycosides
identified
by
19
patients.
Using
AST
standard,
coincidence
rates
erythromycin,
penicillin
sulfonamides
89.5,
79.0,
36.8
42.1
%,
respectively.Conclusion.
These
demonstrated
detection,
particularly
well
predicting
to
erythromycin
significance
diagnosis
pathogenic
guidance
treatment.
European Journal of Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
54(3)
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024
Abstract
The
COVID‐19
pandemic
illustrated
an
urgent
need
for
sophisticated,
human
tissue
models
to
rapidly
test
and
develop
effective
treatment
options
against
this
newly
emerging
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS‐CoV‐2).
Thus,
in
particular,
the
last
3
years
faced
extensive
boost
pulmonary
model
development.
Nowadays,
3D
models,
organoids
lung‐on‐chip,
perfusion,
or
precision‐cut
lung
slices
are
used
study
complex
research
questions
primary
cells.
These
provide
physiologically
relevant
systems
studying
SARS‐CoV‐2
and,
of
course,
other
pathogens,
but
they
are,
too,
suited
pathologies,
such
as
CF,
chronic
obstructive
disease,
asthma,
more
detail
terms
viral
infection.
With
these
cornerstone
has
been
laid
further
advancing
organs
by,
example,
inclusion
several
immune
cell
types
humoral
components,
combination
with
microfluidic
organ‐on‐chip
devices,
standardization
harmonization
devices
reliable
reproducible
drug
vaccine
testing
high
throughput.
Journal of Virology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
97(2)
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2023
Concurrent
infections
with
multiple
pathogens
are
often
described
in
cattle
respiratory
illness.
However,
how
the
host-pathogen
interactions
influence
clinical
outcome
has
been
only
partially
explored
this
species.
Influenza
D
virus
(IDV)
was
discovered
2011.
Since
then,
IDV
detected
worldwide
different
hosts.
A
significant
association
between
and
bacterial
sick
shown
epidemiological
studies,
especially
Mycoplasma
bovis.
In
an
experimental
challenge,
aggravated
M.
bovis-induced
pneumonia.
mechanisms
through
which
drives
increased
susceptibility
to
superinfections
remain
unknown.
Here,
we
used
organotypic
lung
model
precision-cut
slices
study
interplay
bovis
coinfection.
Our
results
show
that
a
primary
infection
promotes
superinfection
by
increasing
replication
ultrastructural
damages
pneumocytes.
our
model,
impaired
innate
immune
response
triggered
decreasing
expression
of
several
proinflammatory
cytokines
chemokines
important
for
cell
recruitment
clearance.
Stimulations
agonists
cytosolic
helicases
Toll-like
receptors
(TLRs)
revealed
activation
RIG-I/MDA5
desensitizes
TLR2
activation,
similar
what
observed
infection.
The
cross
talk
these
two
pattern
recognition
leads
nonadditive
response,
alters
TLR2-mediated
cascade
controls
These
highlight
were
not
so
far
improve
understanding
bovine
host-microbe
pathogenesis.
IMPORTANCE
spread
influenza
population,
question
about
impact
on
disease
(BRD)
remains
still
unanswered.
Animals
affected
BRD
coinfected
pathogens,
viruses
bacteria.
particular,
suspected
enhance
secondary
superinfections.
use
ex
vivo
tissue
effects
increases
pathogen
seems
activate
pathways
inhibit
against
This
may
allow
increase
its
proliferation
delay
clearance
from
tissue.
suggest
could
have
negative
pathology
cattle.
Journal of Fungi,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10(1), С. 41 - 41
Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024
Both
Mucorales
and
Gram-negative
rods
(GNRs)
commonly
infect
patients
with
hematological
malignancies
(HM);
however,
their
co-occurrence
is
understudied.
Therefore,
we
retrospectively
reviewed
the
records
of
63
HM
proven
or
probable
sinopulmonary
mucormycosis
at
MD
Anderson
Cancer
Center
(Houston,
Texas)
from
2000-2020.
Seventeen
out
sixty-three
(27.0%)
had
GNRs
(most
Antibiotics,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
11(4), С. 437 - 437
Опубликована: Март 24, 2022
The
multiplex
PCR
is
a
powerful
and
efficient
tool
that
was
widely
used
during
the
COVID-19
pandemic
to
diagnose
SARS-CoV-2
infections
has
applications
for
bacterial
identification,
as
well
determining
resistance
antibiotics.
Therefore,
this
study
aimed
determine
usability
of
PCR,
especially
in
patients
self-medicated
with
antibiotics,
where
cultures
often
give
false-negative
results.
A
cross-sectional
developed
two
units,
489
eligible
were
included
antibiotic
takers
non-antibiotic
takers.
Antibiotic
mostly
over-the-counter
medication;
they
suffered
significantly
more
chronic
respiratory
conditions
most
cephalosporins
(41.4%),
macrolide
(23.2%),
penicillin
(19.7%).
disease
severity
these
higher
than
takers,
superinfections
common
finding
same
group
(63.6%).
had
longer
hospital
ICU
admissions,
although
mortality
rate
not
bacteria
involved
secondary
Staphylococcus
aureus
(22.2%),
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
(27.8%),
Klebsiellaspp
(25.0%).
Patients
self-medicating
antibiotics
rates
multidrug
resistance.
test
accurate
identifying
resulted
quicker
initiation
therapeutic
compared
instances
culture
initially
performed,
an
average
26.8
h
vs.
40.4
h,
respectively.
stay
also
shorter
by
2.5
days
when
initial
assessment
infections.
When
adjusted
age,
severity,
pulmonary
disease,
use
represented
significant
independent
risk
factor
prolonged
hospitalization
(AOR
=
1.21).
Similar
findings
observed
smoking
status
1.44),
superinfection
1.52),
performing
only
conventional
1.17),
duration
48
sampling
from
time
admission
1.36).
Multiplex
may
be
very
effective
method
diagnosing
individuals
Utilizing
strategy
screen
who
exhibit
signs
sepsis
clinical
deterioration
will
result
faster
recovery
period
hospitalization.
PLoS Pathogens,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
19(5), С. e1011334 - e1011334
Опубликована: Май 4, 2023
While
it
is
well
established
that
secondary
bacterial
pneumonia
plays
a
significant
role
in
the
morbidity
and
mortality
of
patients
with
severe
respiratory
viral
infections,
bacteria
are
not
only
threat
for
these
patients.Over
last
decade,
there
has
been
rise
number
infections
acquiring
fungal
specifically
filamentous
mold
Aspergillus
fumigatus
[1,2].Importantly,
while
occur
less
frequently
than
pneumonias,
they
associated
greater
[1].Because
immune
suppression
major
risk
factor
[3],
may
create
transient
suppressed
state
allowing
to
occur.Here,
we
discuss
what
have
learned
about
how
antiviral
host
responses
lung
environment
susceptible
infection
this
translate
into
susceptibility.
BMC Infectious Diseases,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
24(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2024
Abstract
Background
Severe
acute
respiratory
infection
(SARI),
a
significant
global
health
concern,
imposes
substantial
disease
burden.
In
China,
there
is
inadequate
data
concerning
the
monitoring
of
pathogens,
particularly
bacteria,
among
patients
with
SARI.
Therefore,
this
study
aims
to
delineate
demographic,
epidemiological,
and
aetiological
characteristics
hospitalised
SARI
in
Central
China
between
2018
2020.
Methods
Eligible
admitted
First
Affiliated
Hospital
Zhengzhou
University
1
January
31
December
2020
were
included
retrospective
study.
Within
first
24
h
admission,
(including
sputum,
nasal/throat
swabs,
bronchoalveolar
lavage
fluid,
thoracocentesis
etc.),
urine,
peripheral
blood
specimens
collected
for
viral
bacterial
testing.
A
multiplex
real-time
polymerase
chain
reaction
(PCR)
diagnostic
approach
was
used
identify
human
influenza
virus,
syncytial
parainfluenza
adenovirus,
bocavirus,
coronavirus,
metapneumovirus,
rhinovirus.
Bacterial
cultures
performed
particular
focus
on
pathogenic
microorganisms,
including
S.
pneumoniae,
aureus,
K.
P.
aeruginosa,
Strep
A,
H.
influenzae,
A.
baumannii
,
E.
coli
.
cases
where
culture
results
negative,
nucleic
acid
extraction
PCR
assay
above-mentioned
eight
as
well
L.
pneumophila
M.
pneumoniae
Additionally,
urine
exclusively
detect
Legionella
antigens.
Furthermore,
clinical
obtained
from
electronic
medical
records.
Results
The
encompassed
1266
patients,
mean
age
54
years,
whom
61.6%
(780/1266)
males,
61.4%
(778/1266)
farmers,
88.8%
(1124/1266)
sought
treatment
Moreover,
80.3%
(1017/1266)
housed
general
wards.
most
common
symptoms
fever
(86.8%,
1122/1266)
cough
(77.8%,
986/1266).
Chest
imaging
anomalies
detected
62.6%
(792/1266)
cases,
58.1%
(736/1266)
exhibited
at
least
one
pathogen,
28.5%
(361/1266)
having
multiple
infections.
95.7%
(1212/1266)
Henan
Province,
highest
proportion
(38.3%,
486/1266)
falling
61–80
years
bracket,
predominantly
(79.8%,
1010/1266)
seeking
aid
summer
autumn.
detection
rate
(39.0%,
495/1266)
higher
than
(36.9%,
468/1266),
primary
pathogens
being
virus
(13.8%,
175/1266),
(10.0%,
127/1266),
adenovirus
(8.2%,
105/1266),
aeruginosa
(7.8%,
100/1266),
(7.7%,
98/1266).
During
spring
winter,
prevalence
contrasting
dominance
viruses
Respiratory
rhinovirus
across
spring,
summer,
winter.
identified
similar
rates
throughout
all
seasons
without
distinct
spikes
prevalence.
However,
showed
distinctive
pattern
that
doubled
during
positive
various
other
bacteria
lower,
displaying
comparatively
erratic
trend.
Among
intensive
care
unit,
predominant
nosocomial
(17.2%,
43/249),
(13.6%,
34/249),
(12.4%,
31/249).
Conversely,
wards,
(14.8%,
151/1017),
(10.4%,
106/1017),
(9.3%,
95/1017).
paediatric
significantly
(23.9%,
11/46)
(32.6%,
15/46)
compared
adults
elderly.
67/669)
(6.4%,
43/669)
adults,
while
(11.8%,
65/551)
(7.1%,
39/551)
prevailed
elderly,
indicating
differences
three
groups.
Discussion
SARI,
prevailing
virus.
frequently
identified,
infections
very
common.
variations
pathogen
spectrum
compositions
wards
groups
patients.
Consequently,
holds
promise
offering
insights
government
developing
strategies
aimed
preventing
managing
infectious
diseases
effectively.