Pandemic preparedness through genomic surveillance: Overview of mutations in SARS-CoV-2 over the course of COVID-19 outbreak DOI Open Access
Fares Z. Najar, Chelsea L. Murphy, Evan Linde

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2023

ABSTRACT Genomic surveillance is a vital strategy for preparedness against the spread of infectious diseases and to aid in development new treatments. In an unprecedented effort, millions samples from COVID-19 patients have been sequenced worldwide SARS-CoV-2. Using more than 8 million sequences that are currently available GenBank’s SARS-CoV-2 database, we report comprehensive overview mutations all 26 proteins open reading frames (ORFs) virus. The results indicate spike protein, NSP6, nucleocapsid envelope protein ORF7b shown highest mutational propensities so far (in order). particular, has rapid acceleration post-vaccination period. Monitoring rate non-synonymous (K ) provides fairly reliable signal genomic surveillance, successfully predicting surges 2022. Further, external (spike, membrane, envelope, proteins) show significant number compared NSPs. Interestingly, these four showed changes K typically 2 4 weeks before increase human infections (“surges”). Therefore, our analysis real time SARS-CoV-2, accessible through project website http://pandemics.okstate.edu/covid19/ . Based on ongoing mutation trends virus, predictions what likely mutate next also made possible by approach. proposed framework general thus applicable other pathogens. approach fully automated needed address fast-moving pandemic such as COVID-19.

Язык: Английский

The role of SARS-CoV-2 N protein in diagnosis and vaccination in the context of emerging variants: present status and prospects DOI Creative Commons

Wanchen Song,

Zhongbiao Fang, Feike Ma

и другие.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2023

Despite many countries rapidly revising their strategies to prevent contagions, the number of people infected with Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues surge. The emergent variants that can evade immune response significantly affect effectiveness mainstream vaccines and diagnostic products based on original spike protein. Therefore, it is essential focus highly conserved nature nucleocapsid protein as a potential target in field diagnostics. In this regard, our review initially discusses structure, function, mechanism action N Based discussion, we summarize relevant research in-depth development application methods protein, such serology nucleic acid detection. Such valuable information aid designing more efficient vaccine tools could help end SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

19
Overview of Nucleocapsid-Targeting Vaccines against COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
Alexandra Rak,

Irina Isakova-Sivak,

Larisa Rudenko

и другие.

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(12), С. 1810 - 1810

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2023

The new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which emerged in late 2019, is a highly variable causative agent of COVID-19, contagious respiratory disease with potentially severe complications. Vaccination considered the most effective measure to prevent spread and complications this infection. Spike (S) protein-based vaccines were very successful preventing COVID-19 caused by ancestral strain; however, their efficacy was significantly reduced when coronavirus variants antigenically different from original strain circulation. This due high variability major viral antigen escape immunity infection or vaccination spike-targeting vaccines. nucleocapsid protein (N) much more conserved than spike has therefore attracted attention scientists as promising target for broad-spectrum vaccine development. Here, we summarized current data on various N-based that have been tested animal challenge models clinical trials. Despite conservatism N protein, mutations gradually occurring sequence can affect its protective properties. During three years pandemic, at least 12 arisen sequence, affecting 40 known immunogenic T-cell epitopes, so antigenicity recent may be altered. fact should taken into account limitation development cross-reactive based N-protein.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

13
Nucleoprotein as a Promising Antigen for Broadly Protective Influenza Vaccines DOI Creative Commons
Alexandra Rak, Irina Isakova–Sivak, Larisa Rudenko

и другие.

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(12), С. 1747 - 1747

Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2023

Annual vaccination is considered as the main preventive strategy against seasonal influenza. Due to highly variable nature of major viral antigens, such hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), influenza vaccine strains should be regularly updated antigenically match circulating viruses. The virus nucleoprotein (NP) much more conserved than HA NA, thus seems a promising target for design improved vaccines with broad cross-reactivity diverse Traditional subunit or recombinant protein do not contain NP antigen, whereas live-attenuated (LAIVs) express within infected cells, inducing strong NP-specific antibodies T-cell responses. Many strategies have been explored broadly protective NP-based vaccines, mostly targeted at mode immunity. Although conserved, it still undergoes slow evolutionary changes due selective immune pressure, meaning that particular antigen selected may significant impact on overall immunogenicity efficacy candidate. In this review, we summarize existing data conservation A review results preclinical clinical trials NP-targeting prototypes, focusing ability responses protect

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Revisiting the dimensions of universal vaccine with special focus on COVID-19: Efficacy versus methods of designing DOI

Puja Jaishwal,

Kisalay Jha,

Satarudra Prakash Singh

и другие.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 277, С. 134012 - 134012

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

4
A novel immunofluorescent test system for SARS-CoV-2 detection in infected cells DOI Creative Commons
Alexandra Rak, Victoria Matyushenko, Polina Prokopenko

и другие.

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(5), С. e0304534 - e0304534

Опубликована: Май 31, 2024

Highly variable pandemic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which causes the hazardous COVID-19 infection, has been persistent in human population since late 2019. A prompt assessment of individual and herd immunity against infection can be accomplished by using rapid tests to determine antiviral antibody levels. The microneutralization assay (MN) is one most widely used diagnostic methods that proposed assess qualitative quantitative characteristics virus-specific humoral convalescents or vaccine recipients. However, some aspects assay, such as sensitivity time cost, need improvement. Here, we developed an express test, may potentially clinical practice for serum-caused SARS-CoV-2 inhibition infected cell cultures. It implies detection counting coronaviral fluorescent-forming units (FFU) includes two sequentially developing components: biotinylated mouse monoclonal antibodies recombinant N protein (B.1) EGFP-streptavidin fusion protein. Due universal specificity antibodies, our analytical tool suitable various strains when determining both infectious titer viruses serum virus-neutralizing antibodies. two-component test system characterized high sensitivity, a reduced number analytic stages low well flexibility, it modified other pathogens appropriate

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Recall vaccination increases detectable B-cell reactivity in persons with multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab DOI

Lucia Moiola,

Alessandra Mandelli, Maciej Tarkowski

и другие.

Journal of Neurology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 272(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Protective Potential and Functional Role of Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein DOI Creative Commons
Alexandra Rak, Ekaterina Bazhenova, Polina Prokopenko

и другие.

Antibodies, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(2), С. 45 - 45

Опубликована: Май 28, 2025

Cases of new COVID-19 infection, which manifested in 2019 and caused a global socioeconomic crisis, still continue to be registered worldwide. The high mutational activity SARS-CoV-2 leads the emergence antigenic variants virus, significantly reduces effectiveness vaccines, as well sensitivity diagnostic test systems based on variable viral antigens. These problems may solved by focusing highly conserved coronavirus antigens, for example nucleocapsid (N) protein, is actively expressed coronavirus-infected cells serves target production virus-specific antibodies T cell responses. It known that anti-N are non-neutralizing, but their protective potential functional not sufficiently studied. Here, effect was studied Syrian hamsters passively immunized with polyclonal sera raised N(B.1) recombinant protein. animals were infected 105 or 104 TCID50 (B.1, Wuhan BA.2.86.1.1.18, Omicron) 6 h after serum passive transfer, protection assessed weight loss, clinical manifestation disease, titers respiratory tract, histopathological evaluation lung tissues. anti-N(B.1) evaluated complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) antibody-dependent (ADCC) assays. evident only against lower dose (B.1) challenge, whereas almost no revealed BA.2.86.1.1.18 variant. Anti-N(B.1) monoclonal able stimulate both CDC ADCC. Thus, possess homologous challenge possibly mediated innate Fc-mediated immune reactions. data informative development N-based broadly vaccines.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Co-administration of recombinant BCG and SARS-CoV-2 proteins leads to robust antiviral immunity DOI
Mario A. Ramírez, Ricardo A. Loaiza,

Yohana Martínez-Balboa

и другие.

Vaccine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 42(23), С. 126203 - 126203

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Safety and Immunogenicity Study of a Bivalent Vaccine for Combined Prophylaxis of COVID-19 and Influenza in Non-Human Primates DOI Creative Commons
Ekaterina Stepanova,

Irina Isakova-Sivak,

Victoria Matyushenko

и другие.

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(10), С. 1099 - 1099

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2024

Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses are two highly variable pathogens. We have developed a candidate bivalent live vaccine based on the strain of licensed A/Leningrad/17-based cold-adapted attenuated influenza (LAIV) H3N2 subtype, which expressed immunogenic T-cell epitopes. A cassette encoding fragments S N proteins was inserted into NA gene using P2A autocleavage site. In this study, we present results preclinical evaluation in non-human primate model.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
Molecular evolutionary analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 through the mutation analysis of Spike, Envelope and RdRp proteins DOI Creative Commons
Dženita Omerkić Dautović,

Amra Džuho,

Adna Ašić

и другие.

Genetics & Applications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2024

COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was declared in 2020 World Health Organization. New mutations have been identified, leading to various variants of this virus, including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron, which are classified as concern (VOCs) raised considerable concerns for global public health. Such constant spread changes genome virus require continuous monitoring. This research focuses on evolution SARS-CoV-2 through a detailed presentation viral genome, protein structure interpretation, with phylogenetic characteristics patterns. We obtained sequence data from European region focusing S, E, RdRp proteins publicly available NCBI database. next used MEGA11 package generate multiple alignments create trees. The SWISS-MODEL server connected Protein Data Bank tertiary images all presented paper. Stability studies were performed via MUpro online tool. results indicate substantial impact Omicron variant relative others, particularly concerning alterations observed spike (S) protein, is crucial infection process.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0