Porcine Circovirus Diseases: Current Insights and Future Strategies for Effective Control, with a Focus on Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) DOI Open Access

Debarun Borah,

Ritam Hazarika, Girin Hazarika

и другие.

Microbiology Research Journal International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(12), С. 283 - 298

Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2024

Porcine Circovirus Associated Disease (PCVAD), caused by Type 2 (PCV2), is a major health concern in swine production, leading to significant economic losses. The diagnosis of PCVAD relies on combination clinical signs and confirmatory laboratory techniques. Clinically, affected pigs exhibit weight loss, jaundice, poor growth, respiratory distress, gastrointestinal issues. Histopathological examination reveals characteristic lesions such as lymphoid depletion, granulomatous inflammation, the presence inclusion bodies tissues. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) situ hybridization (ISH) are critical for detecting PCV2 antigens viral nucleic acids tissue samples, respectively. Molecular diagnostic methods, including PCR quantitative (qPCR), offer rapid precise detection DNA, with advancements like digital droplet (ddPCR) improving sensitivity. Serological tests, immunofluorescence assay (IFA) enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA), useful antibodies, aiding assessing infection status immune response. Genotyping assays help track evolution strains, essential understanding epidemiology vaccine development. Prevention control involve multifaceted approach, biosecurity measures, co-infection management, vaccination. Vaccination remains key tool, updated vaccines providing protection against multiple genotypes. Emerging technologies, nanobody-based ELISAs biosensors, hold promise faster more cost-effective diagnostics. Continued research into new alongside ongoing surveillance genetic shifts, effective long-term minimizing its impact industry.

Язык: Английский

Genetic diversity of porcine circoviruses 2 and 3 circulating among wild boars in the Moscow Region of Russia DOI Creative Commons
Nikita Krasnikov, Valentina Rykova, Oksana D. Kucheruk

и другие.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2024

Porcine circoviruses (PCVs) are widely distributed in swine herds. PCV2, the significant pathogen, causes infections characterized by growth and development disorders, skin lesions, respiratory distress. PCV3 has been circulating worldwide can be associated with various clinical signs disease developments. Wild boars main reservoir of these pathogens wildlife create an alarming threat to pig farming. In Russia, three PCV2 genotypes (PCV2a, PCV2b, PCV2d) were identified farms. Additionally, was observed herds during monitoring studies country. However, data considering circulation PCVs wild Russia is scant. For this purpose, we performed PCR assays samples from 30 hunted Moscow Region 2021-2023. The ratios positive for PCV3, or coinfected 50, 10, 13.3%, respectively. sequenced 15 four complete genomes conducted phylogenetic analysis, which divided isolates into two groups: PCV2d PCV2b. study showed a high infection rate among boars, dominance. Simultaneously, also circulates boars. obtained results provide basis preventive measures support transmission risks between farm animals.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2

Molecular Positivity of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Associated with Production Practices on Farms in Jalisco, Mexico DOI Creative Commons
Alberto Jorge Galindo-Barboza, José Francisco Rivera-Benítez, Jazmín De la Luz-Armendáriz

и другие.

Viruses, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(10), С. 1633 - 1633

Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2024

The modernization of pig production has led to increasingly larger populations pigs. This dynamic allows for accelerated and ensures a steady pork supply but also facilitates the spread infections. PCV2 is ubiquitous virus can cause PCV2-associated diseases, depending on practices. study aimed evaluate conditions in state Jalisco, Mexico, correlate them with PCV2. A total 4207 serum samples from 80 farms were analyzed. Epidemiological data collected used investigate factors associated detection. relative frequency approximately 30% was detected, primarily grower pigs maintained multisite farms. Several practices, particularly biosecurity measures, analyzed

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1

First Molecular Characterisation of Porcine Parvovirus 7 (PPV7) in Italy DOI Creative Commons

Silvia Dei Giudici,

L. Mura,

Piero Bonelli

и другие.

Viruses, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(6), С. 932 - 932

Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2024

Porcine parvoviruses (PPVs) are among the most important agents of reproductive failure in swine worldwide. PPVs comprise eight genetically different species ascribed to four genera: Protoparvovirus (PPV1, PPV8), Tetraparvovirus (PPV2-3), Copiparvovirus (PPV4-6), and Chaphamaparvovirus (PPV7). In 2016, PPV7 was firstly detected USA afterwards Europe, Asia, South America. Recently, it also identified Italy pig farms with failure. This study aimed evaluate circulation domestic wild pigs Sardinia, Italy. addition, its coinfection Circovirus 2 (PCV2) 3 (PCV3) analysed, Italian strains were molecularly characterised. and, for first time, The viral genome 20.59% samples. detection significantly lower pigs, higher PCV2/PCV3 co-infection rates observed PPV7-positive than PPV7-negative pigs. Molecular characterisation NS1 gene showed a very high frequency recombination that could presumably promote virus spreading.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

A Subunit Vaccine Harboring the Fusion Capsid Proteins of Porcine Circovirus Types 2, 3, and 4 Induces Protective Immune Responses in a Mouse Model DOI Creative Commons

Qikai Wang,

Ran Zhang, Yue Wang

и другие.

Viruses, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(12), С. 1964 - 1964

Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2024

Coinfections with porcine circovirus types 2, 3, and 4 (PCV2, PCV3, PCV4) are increasingly being detected in the swine industry. However, there is no commercially available vaccine which prevents coinfection PCV2, PCV4. The development of a expressing capsid (Cap) fusion proteins multiple PCVs represents promising approach for broadly preventing infection PCVs. In this study, we developed PCV subunit candidate (Cap 2-3-4) by predicting, screening, fusing antigenic epitopes Cap Immunoprotection assays showed that prokaryotic expression 2-3-4 could effectively induce high levels PCV4 Cap-specific antibodies successfully neutralize both PCV2 PCV3. Furthermore, demonstrated potent ability to activate cellular immunity thus prevent lung damage mice. This study provides new option broad vaccines against

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0

Porcine Circovirus Diseases: Current Insights and Future Strategies for Effective Control, with a Focus on Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) DOI Open Access

Debarun Borah,

Ritam Hazarika, Girin Hazarika

и другие.

Microbiology Research Journal International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(12), С. 283 - 298

Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2024

Porcine Circovirus Associated Disease (PCVAD), caused by Type 2 (PCV2), is a major health concern in swine production, leading to significant economic losses. The diagnosis of PCVAD relies on combination clinical signs and confirmatory laboratory techniques. Clinically, affected pigs exhibit weight loss, jaundice, poor growth, respiratory distress, gastrointestinal issues. Histopathological examination reveals characteristic lesions such as lymphoid depletion, granulomatous inflammation, the presence inclusion bodies tissues. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) situ hybridization (ISH) are critical for detecting PCV2 antigens viral nucleic acids tissue samples, respectively. Molecular diagnostic methods, including PCR quantitative (qPCR), offer rapid precise detection DNA, with advancements like digital droplet (ddPCR) improving sensitivity. Serological tests, immunofluorescence assay (IFA) enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA), useful antibodies, aiding assessing infection status immune response. Genotyping assays help track evolution strains, essential understanding epidemiology vaccine development. Prevention control involve multifaceted approach, biosecurity measures, co-infection management, vaccination. Vaccination remains key tool, updated vaccines providing protection against multiple genotypes. Emerging technologies, nanobody-based ELISAs biosensors, hold promise faster more cost-effective diagnostics. Continued research into new alongside ongoing surveillance genetic shifts, effective long-term minimizing its impact industry.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0