Vaccines,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(11), С. 1284 - 1284
Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2024
The
COVID-19
pandemic,
caused
by
SARS-CoV-2,
prompted
global
efforts
to
develop
vaccines
control
the
disease.
Various
vaccines,
including
mRNA
(BNT162b2,
mRNA-1273),
adenoviral
vector
(ChAdOx1,
Ad26.COV2.S),
and
inactivated
virus
platforms
(BBIBP-CorV,
CoronaVac),
elicit
high-titer,
protective
antibodies
against
virus,
but
long-term
antibody
durability
effectiveness
vary.
objective
of
this
study
is
elucidate
factors
that
influence
vaccine
(VE)
longevity
humoral
immune
responses
through
a
review
relevant
literature,
clinical
real-world
studies.
Here,
we
discuss
response
different
identify
influencing
VE
longevity.
Despite
initial
robust
responses,
vaccine-induced
immunity
wanes
over
time,
particularly
with
emergence
variants,
such
as
Delta
Omicron,
exhibit
escape
mechanisms.
Additionally,
elicited
platforms,
along
identification
essential
determinants
protection-like
pre-existing
immunity,
booster
doses,
hybrid
demographic
factors-are
critical
for
protecting
severe
COVID-19.
Booster
vaccinations
substantially
restore
neutralizing
levels,
especially
immune-evasive
while
individuals
have
more
durable
potent
response.
Importantly,
comorbidities
diabetes,
cardiovascular
disease,
chronic
kidney
cancer
significantly
reduce
magnitude
protection.
Immunocompromised
individuals,
those
undergoing
chemotherapy
hematologic
malignancies,
diminished
benefit
disproportionately
from
vaccinations.
Age
sex
also
older
adults
experiencing
accelerated
decline
females
generally
exhibiting
stronger
compared
males.
Understanding
variables
affecting
protection
crucial
improving
strategies
predicting
Vaccines,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
10(5), С. 779 - 779
Опубликована: Май 14, 2022
The
real-world
effectiveness
of
the
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
vaccines
in
Japan
remains
unclear.
This
case-control
study
evaluated
vaccine
(VE)
two
doses
mRNA
vaccine,
BNT162b2
or
mRNA-1273,
against
delta
(B.1.617.2)
variant
Japanese
general
population
period
June-September
2021.
Individuals
close
contact
with
COVID-19
patients
were
tested
using
polymerase
chain
reaction
(PCR).
A
self-administered
questionnaire
vaccination
status,
demographic
data,
underlying
medical
conditions,
lifestyle,
personal
protective
health
behaviors,
and
living
environment.
Two
reported
by
11.6%
cases
(n
=
389)
35.2%
controls
179).
Compared
controls,
younger
had
a
lower
proportion
who
always
performed
handwashing
for
≥20
s,
higher
alcohol
consumers,
individuals
single-family
homes
commuting
family
members.
After
adjusting
these
confounding
factors
day
PCR
testing
multivariate
logistic
regression
analysis,
VE
June-July
(delta
45%)
was
92%
79%
August-September
89%).
adjusted
homestay,
hotel-based
isolation
quarantine,
hospitalization
78%,
77%,
97%,
respectively.
Despite
declining
slightly,
remained
robust
~3
months
after
second
dose.
Vaccination
policymaking
will
require
longer-term
monitoring
new
variants.
International Journal of Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
18(12), С. 4610 - 4617
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022
During
the
2
years
since
start
of
novel
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
pandemic,
scientific
world
made
an
enormous
effort
to
fight
against
this
caused
by
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
(SARS-CoV-2),
which
has
high
transmissibility.Advancements
in
vaccine
and
treatment
strategies
have
reduced
both
hospitalization
mortality
rates.However,
virus
shown
its
ability
evolve
evade
from
our
COVID-19
combating
armamentaria
most
common
evolution
mechanism-mutation.Diagnostic
testing
been
first
line
defense
following
identification
causative
agent.Ever
since,
community
developed
nuclei
acid-based,
antigen-based,
antibody-based
diagnostic
tests,
these
methodologies
are
still
playing
a
central
role
slowing
down
viral
transmission.These
methods
different
sensitivity
specificity
could
be
optimally
used
areas
facing
challenges
owing
level
conditions
outbreak.In
review,
we
discuss
as
well
considerations
on
how
apply
tests
cope
with
ever-changing
pandemic
conditions.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2022
Studies
reporting
vaccine
effectiveness
against
COVID-19
outcomes
concentrate
mainly
on
estimates
of
one
single
type
and
variant,
seldom
considering
waning
effects.
We
aimed
to
estimate
the
overall
vaccination
programme
implemented
in
Apulia
region
Italy
at
preventing
SARS-CoV-2
infections,
COVID-19-related
hospital
admissions
deaths
during
alpha
delta
variant
dominant
periods.
conducted
a
retrospective
cohort
study
using
electronic
health
records
persons
16
years
older
resident
region,
assessing
combined
use
BNT162b2,
mRNA-1273,
ChAdOx1-S
Ad26.COV2.S
vaccines
confirmed
hospitalisations
deaths,
for
fully
partially
vaccinated
as
well
by
time
since
variants.
Cox
regression
models
yielding
hazard
ratios
were
used
calculate
effectiveness.
From
1
January
December
2021,
we
included
3,530,967
eligible
cohort,
whom
2,770,299
158,313
positive
end
period.
The
over
entire
period
infection,
hospitalisation
death
87.69%
(CI95%
87.73-88.18),
94.08%
(93.58-94.54)
95.95%
95.26-96.54),
respectively.
infection
subjects
was
respectively
88.20%
87.60-99.78)
59.31%
57.91-60.67),
93.89%
92.67-94.90)
88.32%
86.50-89.90)
93.83%
91.65-95.45)
85.91
79.98-90.09).
effects
regarding
stronger
than
alpha,
with
75.85%
74.38-77.24)
after
1-2
months
8.35%
3.45-13.01)
5-6
full
vaccination.
waned
rapidly
7-8-months
decreased
27.67%
7.48-43.45)
48.47
53.97-34.82).
Our
suggests
that
program
strongly
protective
hospitalisation,
due
variants,
although
its
is
reduced
time.
Vaccines,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(11), С. 1284 - 1284
Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2024
The
COVID-19
pandemic,
caused
by
SARS-CoV-2,
prompted
global
efforts
to
develop
vaccines
control
the
disease.
Various
vaccines,
including
mRNA
(BNT162b2,
mRNA-1273),
adenoviral
vector
(ChAdOx1,
Ad26.COV2.S),
and
inactivated
virus
platforms
(BBIBP-CorV,
CoronaVac),
elicit
high-titer,
protective
antibodies
against
virus,
but
long-term
antibody
durability
effectiveness
vary.
objective
of
this
study
is
elucidate
factors
that
influence
vaccine
(VE)
longevity
humoral
immune
responses
through
a
review
relevant
literature,
clinical
real-world
studies.
Here,
we
discuss
response
different
identify
influencing
VE
longevity.
Despite
initial
robust
responses,
vaccine-induced
immunity
wanes
over
time,
particularly
with
emergence
variants,
such
as
Delta
Omicron,
exhibit
escape
mechanisms.
Additionally,
elicited
platforms,
along
identification
essential
determinants
protection-like
pre-existing
immunity,
booster
doses,
hybrid
demographic
factors-are
critical
for
protecting
severe
COVID-19.
Booster
vaccinations
substantially
restore
neutralizing
levels,
especially
immune-evasive
while
individuals
have
more
durable
potent
response.
Importantly,
comorbidities
diabetes,
cardiovascular
disease,
chronic
kidney
cancer
significantly
reduce
magnitude
protection.
Immunocompromised
individuals,
those
undergoing
chemotherapy
hematologic
malignancies,
diminished
benefit
disproportionately
from
vaccinations.
Age
sex
also
older
adults
experiencing
accelerated
decline
females
generally
exhibiting
stronger
compared
males.
Understanding
variables
affecting
protection
crucial
improving
strategies
predicting
