Reduced risks of influenza-associated hospitalization and complications following vaccination among over 2 million older individuals: a nationwide study using target trial emulation framework
BMC Medicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
23(1)
Опубликована: Март 13, 2025
Abstract
Background
Current
evidence
on
influenza
vaccine
effectiveness
(VE),
which
is
predominately
derived
from
small
high-risk
older
populations
and
focuses
specific
influenza-related
complications,
might
not
be
generalizable
to
real-world
with
diverse
characteristics
in
Taiwan.
Therefore,
this
observational
study
a
target
trial
emulation
framework
aimed
evaluate
the
clinical
of
an
infection,
associated
healthcare
utilization
costs.
Methods
1,214,392
propensity-score-matched
pairs
vaccinated
unvaccinated
season
2018/2019
were
identified
Taiwan’s
National
Health
Insurance
Research
Database.
VE
(estimated
as
1
minus
hazard
ratio
[HR]*100%)
HRs
used
for
events
respectively.
Results
Primary
analyses
show
14%
(10–18%)
against
influenza-associated
hospitalization,
irrespective
age,
frailty
status,
underlying
risk.
Notably,
decline
hospitalization
was
observed
when
period
following
vaccination
extended
(25%
[19–30%],
23%
[18–28%],
[10–18%]
intervals
October
2018–March
2019,
2018–May
2018–September
respectively).
Compared
non-vaccination,
having
significantly
reduced
risks
death
by
30%,
various
respiratory
12–26%,
cardiovascular
complications
39–47%,
acute
kidney
injury
23%.
Approximately
savings
USD
3,000,000
total
averting
found.
The
non-significant
effects
negative
control
outcomes
support
validity
procedures.
Conclusions
severe
(i.e.,
those
requiring
hospitalization)
related
among
population
corroborated.
To
avoid
episodes
minimize
economic
consequences,
continuous
uptake
over
different
seasons
recommended
population.
Язык: Английский
Immunization of adults in practice
Medicína pro praxi,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
21(4), С. 200 - 207
Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2024
Язык: Английский
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibody Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors in a Large Cohort of US Children
Open Forum Infectious Diseases,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2024
Abstract
Background
Household
transmission
of
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
may
play
a
key
role
in
times
increased
infection,
particularly
among
children.
We
aimed
to
determine
the
prevalence
SARS-CoV-2
antibodies
and
identify
risk
factors
associated
with
antibody
positivity
Methods
Unvaccinated
children
aged
18
months
11
years
between
August
2022
June
2023
underwent
oral
fluid
testing
for
antibodies.
Caregivers
completed
electronic
surveys
at
4
major
healthcare
practices
Northern
Central
New
Jersey.
Information
was
collected
on
demographics,
household
size,
vaccination
status,
prior
SARS-CoV-2–related
illness.
Multivariable
logistic
regression
determined
individual
household-level
positivity.
Results
A
total
870
provided
tests
corresponding
surveys.
Children
were
predominantly
Hispanic
(37%)
or
non-Hispanic
Black
(30%),
average
5.7
old.
Overall
68%.
Risk
include
race/ethnicity
(adjusted
odds
ratios
[aOR],
2.29
1.95
vs.
White
race/ethnicity;
P
<
.01)
later
enrollment
study
period.
from
households
≥1
vaccinated
adult
52%
less
likely
be
positive
than
those
no
adults
(aOR:
0.38,
[95%
confidence
interval
0.2
0.69]).
Conclusions
There
is
high
burden
infection
over
time.
Adult
appears
protective
factor
helping
mitigate
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
Increased
community
can
help
inform
COVID-19
prevention
strategies
minors
household.
Язык: Английский