Keep the hospital clean: diagnostic performance of ten different molecular and culture-based methods to detectCandidozyma auris

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2025

Abstract Rationale Candidozyma auris (formerly Candida ) is a globally emerging potentially multi-drug resistant human pathogenic yeast. To detect C. we aimed to compare different culture-, and molecular-based methods. Methods Rectal swabs routinely collected in clinical care were spiked with concentrations of . Co-infection/colonization was mimicked by spiking part these samples other species. Spiked materials cultured at 37°C or 42°C using CHROMagar CandidaPlus plates. In parallel, incubated dulcitol salt enrichment broth. Additionally, compared seven in-house commercial molecular tests on the direct material from broth one day after inoculation. Results Culture-based methods showed sensitivities up 100% within 48 hours incubation, although sensitivity decreased as low 44% lower (≤50 CFU per inoculum), presence an abundance species higher temperature (42°C). Incubation made visual identification possible since similar colony morphologies did not grow this temperature. No added value found. qPCR highly sensitive specific (both 100%) but major differences between various observed. Conclusion We that both culture-based are for diagnosing The setting (routine screening versus outbreak), local prevalence load those carry infected important factors consider when determining which diagnostic should be employed.

Язык: Английский

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Antimicrobial Activity of the Peptide C14R Against Ab Initio Growing and Preformed Biofilms of Candida albicans, Candidaparapsilosis and Candidozyma auris

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3), С. 322 - 322

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Biofilms are the predominant lifeforms of microorganisms, contributing to over 80% infections, including those caused by Candida species like C. albicans, parapsilosis and Candidozyma auris. These form biofilms on medical devices, making infections challenging treat, especially with rise in drug-resistant strains. particularly hospital-acquired ones, a significant health threat due their resistance antifungals risk developing systemic (i.e., sepsis). We have previously shown that C14R reduces viability albicans auris, but not parapsilosis. Here, we show only inhibits pore formation, resazurin reduction assay, fluorescence-based permeabilization it also halts biofilm maturation significantly biomass preformed 70%. findings suggest could be an effective option for treating severe fungal offering potential new treatment approach biofilm-related diseases. Further research is needed fully understand its dispersal optimize use future applications as antifungal clinical settings.

Язык: Английский

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Nomenclature for human and animal fungal pathogens and diseases: a proposal for standardized terminology

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 62(12)

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2024

Medically important pathogenic fungi invade vertebrate tissue and are considered primary when part of their nature life cycle is associated with an animal host usually able to infect immunocompetent hosts. Opportunistic fungal pathogens complete in environmental habitats or occur as commensals within on the body, but under certain conditions can thrive upon infecting humans. The extent damage opportunistic infections largely depends portal modality entry well host's immune metabolic status. Diseases caused by common opportunists, causing top approximately 80% diseases [D. W. Denning, Lancet Infect Dis, 24:e428-e438, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00692-8], tend follow a predictive pattern, while those occasional opportunists more variable. For this reason, it recommended that named after etiologic agent, for example, histoplasmosis aspergillosis, should not be done [causative fungus] [clinical syndrome],

Язык: Английский

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In vitro evolution of caspofungin resistance in Candidozyma auris via FKS1 hotspot I mutations results in moderate fitness trade-offs but no reduction in virulence

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2025

Abstract Resistance to echinocandins in the recently emerged pathogen Candidozyma auris (previously known as Candida ) poses significant clinical challenges. This study reports vitro evolution of a caspofungin-sensitive C. clade II isolate acquire caspofungin resistance. We sequenced whole genome parental strain and its drug-resistant progeny. The resistant isolates harboured mutations FKS1 gene altering conserved residue (S639) also mutated caspofungin-resistant isolates; demonstrating that FKS1-S639 are sufficient confer resistance caspofungin. Using these strains, we examined cross-resistance & collateral sensitivity other antifungal drugs cell wall stress, ultrastructure, biofilm formation, virulence. As expected, both FKS1-S639P FKS1-S639Y variants exhibited not only but echinocandins. Interestingly, strains showed moderate certain azole antifungals increased susceptibility stress. While chitin content was slightly elevated compared sensitive ones, overall structure phosphomannan levels remained unchanged. Biofilm formation capabilities were similar across all virulence invertebrate models unaffected by mutations. These findings indicate while through does incur fitness trade-offs, it substantially compromise pathogenic potential . underscores complexities mechanisms this impact on biology.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular Epidemiology and Antifungal Susceptibility Profile of Candidozyma Isolates From Argentina

Mycoses, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 68(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background Epidemiological surveillance of Candidozyma sp. has become important because many species this new genus have been reported to be responsible for nosocomial outbreaks and exhibit elevated minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) one or more classes antifungal drugs. Objectives To describe the genetic relationships among Argentinian clinical isolates belonging study molecular mechanisms associated with resistance. Methods We performed whole‐genome sequencing 41 isolates. Identification was based on ribosomal DNA susceptibility testing determined according EUCAST document. Phylogenetic analysis, non‐synonymous mutations in genes resistance presence copy number variations (CNVs) were investigated. Results identified 12 haemuli , 11 var . vulneris 5 Cz haemuli/ ITS hybrids, 8 duobushaemuli cf. pseudohaemuli. together data, demonstrated transmission events. In addition, Cz. var. not separated phylogenetic tree; pseudohaemuli clustered distantly from type strain. Most resistant amphotericin B, two showed fluconazole Y132F mutation ERG11 did find CNV Conclusions These findings highlight need epidemiological these Furthermore, we propose a taxonomic revision genomic data.

Язык: Английский

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Comparative analyses of the biological characteristics, fluconazole resistance, and heat adaptation mechanisms of Candida auris and members of the Candida haemulonii complex

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 26, 2025

ABSTRACT Candida auris and the emerging fungal pathogens comprising haemulonii complex ( C. duobushaemulonii ) are phylogenetically closely related. Notably, each can cause serious nosocomial infection acquire multidrug resistance. We isolated various strains of from patient specimens. The results growth curve analysis spot assay showed that was most tolerant to high temperatures, while differences were found among five complex. selected a representative strain three types fungi exhibit in heat resistance for further research. In addition, resistant fluconazole, whereas sensitivity common antifungal agents differed, as determined by micro liquid-based dilution method. Moreover, more virulent Galleria mellonella than members there notable biofilm formation, hydrophobicity, adhesion, enzyme activity strains. transcriptomics, real-time quantitative PCR, biochemical analyses stress due expression genes regulating pyruvate consumption accumulation intracellular pyruvate. These provide valuable references studies biological characteristics, pathogenesis, treatment infection. IMPORTANCE multidrug-resistant have emerged recent years, posing significant threat human health. characteristics two one clinical samples analyzed. Our primary focus compare between complex, with particular emphasis on understanding mechanisms. main distinction environmental pathogenic is latter survive at body temperature. Despite their close phylogenetic relationship, Studying these mechanisms may aid our evolutionary process transforming into fungi.

Язык: Английский

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Keep the Hospital Clean: Diagnostic Performance of Ten Different Molecular and Culture-Based Methods to Detect Candidozyma (Candida) auris

Mycopathologia, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 190(3)

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Evaluation of the Synergistic Activity of Antimicrobial Peptidomimetics or Colistin Sulphate with Conventional Antifungals Against Yeasts of Medical Importance

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(5), С. 370 - 370

Опубликована: Май 12, 2025

With rising multidrug-resistant yeast pathogens, conventional antifungals are becoming less effective, urging the need for adjuvants that enhance their activity at lower doses. This study evaluated synergistic of antimicrobial peptidomimetics (TM8 and RK758) or colistin sulphate in combination with against Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, parapsilosis, Meyerozyma guilliermondii, Nakaseomyces glabratus, Pichia kudriavzevii Kluyveromyces marxianus, Candidozyma auris using checkerboard microdilution test. RK758 was fluconazole 78% isolates, remaining 22% isolates still showing partial synergy; it showed synergy amphotericin B 56% caspofungin, exhibited either synergy. TM8 44% (with another 44%) 67% caspofungin isolates. Colistin No antagonism observed any combinations. Additionally, a time-kill assay further demonstrated between RK758. The effects these on cell membrane integrity were an ergosterol binding assay, supported by SYTOX Green cellular leakage assays, both indicating lytic effect. These results suggest can synergise antifungals, offering potential strategy therapy infections. likely plays role interaction thereby enhancing activities compounds sub-MIC levels.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluation of a high-throughput Candidozyma auris assay for use on the cobas 5800/6800/8800 omni Utility Channel

Microbiology Spectrum, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 16, 2025

ABSTRACT Candidozyma auris (formerly known as Candida ) is an emerging worldwide fungal pathogen associated with difficult-to-treat nosocomial infections. Screening of patients for colonization a recommended strategy to track and prevent hospital spread outbreaks caused by C. . To facilitate this, high-throughput (HTP) assay short turnaround time minimal manual processing has significant value. Here, we present ongoing research on the detection direct testing nasal/axilla/groin swab samples using HTP cobas 5800/6800/8800 family systems that ability process up 1,056 in 8 h shift. Based 200 surveillance samples, Utility Channel (UC) demonstrated 94% accuracy, 91% positive percent agreement, 98% negative agreement when compared established nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) (BD MAX Open System assay). In secondary analysis 159 out was standard-of-care culture results observed 95% 92% sensitivity, 90% specificity. The UC inclusive clades I–V exclusive 15 other closely related species based wet lab testing. data presented originated from internally conducted studies performed purposes. not approved vitro diagnostic use. IMPORTANCE multidrug-resistant considered global public health threat. Rapid identification critical infection prevention control outbreak surveillance. involves culture-based methods long time. A rapid higher throughput quicker can measures minimize potential within healthcare facilities. internal study here, evaluated fully automated commercially available platform NAAT assay.

Язык: Английский

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Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolates of the Candidozyma haemuli Species Complex (Formerly Candida haemulonii Species Complex) from the Brazilian Amazon Reveals the First Case of Candidozyma pseudohaemuli in Brazil

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(5), С. 394 - 394

Опубликована: Май 20, 2025

This study included 24 isolates of the Candidozyma haemuli species complex from patients in Brazilian Amazon between 2021 and 2024. These were identified by sequencing as C. duobushaemuli (54.2%), sensu stricto (29.2%), var. vulneris (12.5%), pseudohaemuli (4.2%). The finding represents first case reported Brazil. Haplotype phylogenetic analysis these species, along with other Brazil, revealed low intraspecific genetic diversity. Resistance to at least one antifungal was observed 83.3% isolates, multidrug resistance 58.3%, including isolate resistant all tested antifungals. demonstrated active biofilm production, lytic enzyme activity, thermotolerance. Notably, exhibited tolerance 42 °C, a phenotype not previously described. It is crucial for Brazil countries recognize emergence public health threat take proactive measures prevent outbreaks.

Язык: Английский

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