Medical education challenges and innovations during COVID-19 pandemic

Postgraduate Medical Journal, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 98(1159), С. 321 - 327

Опубликована: Март 29, 2021

COVID-19 pandemic has undoubtedly disrupted the well-established, traditional structure of medical education. Τhe new limitations physical presence have accelerated development an online learning environment, comprising both asynchronous and synchronous distance education, introduction novel ways student assessment. At same time, this prolonged crisis had serious implications on lives students including their psychological well-being impact academic trajectories. The reality has, many occasions, triggered 'acting up' as frontline healthcare staff, which been perceived by them a positive contributing experience, led to variety responses from educational institutions. All things considered, urgency for rapid adaptations circumstances functioned springboard remarkable innovations in education,including promotion more "evidence-based" approach.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 and the impacts on youth mental health: emerging evidence from longitudinal studies

Can J Public Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 113(1), С. 44 - 52

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Long COVID and neuropsychiatric manifestations (Review)

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(5)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

There is accumulating evidence in the literature indicating that a number of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) may experience range neuropsychiatric symptoms, persisting or even presenting following resolution acute COVID‑19. Among manifestations more frequently associated 'long COVID' are depression, anxiety, post‑traumatic stress disorder, sleep disturbances, fatigue and cognitive deficits, can potentially be debilitating negatively affect patients' wellbeing, albeit majority cases symptoms tend to improve over time. Despite variations results obtained from studies using different methodological approaches define syndrome, most widely accepted factors higher risk developing include severity foregoing COVID‑19, female sex, presence comorbidities, history mental health an elevation levels inflammatory markers, further research required establish causal associations. To date, pathophysiological mechanisms implicated remain only partially elucidated, while role indirect effects COVID‑19 pandemic, such as social isolation uncertainty concerning social, financial recovery post‑COVID, have also been highlighted. Given alarming 'long‑COVID', interdisciplinary cooperation for early identification who at high persistent presentations, beyond recovery, crucial ensure appropriate integrated physical support provided, aim mitigating risks long‑term disability societal individual level.

Язык: Английский

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Neurological Sequelae of COVID-19

Journal of Integrative Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 21(3)

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2022

Though primarily a pulmonary disease, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus can generate devastating states that affect multiple organ systems including central nervous system (CNS). The various neurological disorders associated with COVID-19 range in severity from mild symptoms such as headache, or myalgias to more severe stroke, psychosis, and anosmia. While some of complications are reversible, significant number patients suffer stroke. Studies have shown infection triggers wave inflammatory cytokines induce endothelial cell dysfunction coagulopathy increases risk stroke thromboses. Inflammation endothelium following may also destabilize atherosclerotic plaque thrombotic Although uncommon, there been reports hemorrhagic COVID-19. proposed mechanisms include blood pressure increase leading reduction angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) levels results an imbalance renin-angiotensin ultimately manifesting inflammation vasoconstriction. Coagulopathy, demonstrated elevated prothrombin time (PT), has posited factor contributing hemorrhagics Other conditions encephalopathy, anosmia, encephalitis, brain fog, depression, anxiety. several hypotheses reported literature, unifying pathophysiological mechanism many these remains unclear. Pulmonary poor oxygenation explain encephalopathy other patients. Alternatively, direct invasion CNS breach blood-brain barrier systemic released during be responsible for conditions. Notwithstanding, relationship between cytokine depression anxiety is contradictory perhaps social isolation pandemic part disorders.In this article, we review current literature pertaining most common ischemic Long COVID, Guillain-Barre syndrome, anxiety, sleep setting We summarize relevant provide better understanding mechanistic details regarding order help physicians monitor treat neurologic impairments.A was carried out authors using PubMed search terms "COVID-19" "Neurology", "Neurological Manifestations", "Neuropsychiatric "Stroke", "Encephalopathy", "Headache", "Guillain-Barre syndrome", "Depression", "Anxiety", "Encephalitis", "Seizure", "Spasm", "ICUAW". Another "Long-COVID" "Post-Acute COVID-19" Manifestations" Manifestations". Articles case reports, series, cohort studies were included references. No language restrictions enforced. In attempts made focus mainly on articles describing infected patients.A total 112 reviewed. incidence, clinical outcomes, pathophysiology selected discussed below. Given recent advent incidence certain sequelae not always available. Putative each condition outlined.

Язык: Английский

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COVID‑19 and post‑traumatic stress disorder: The perfect ‘storm’ for mental health (Review)

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(4)

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2021

Since its outbreak, in December, 2019, the Chinese city of Wuhan, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) has evolved into an ongoing global pandemic. Due to novel antigenic properties this virus, world population could not develop immunity effectively and led subsequent spread COVID‑19. This unprecedented emergency situation with significant negative effects on health well‑being both individual societal level. Apart from health, economic social consequences, impact pandemic mental is increasingly being reported scientific literature. The present review aimed provide a comprehensive discussion possible neurological neuropsychiatric manifestations SARS‑CoV‑2, together related underlying molecular pathways. In addition, focused populations which are at higher risk developing psychiatric disturbances due COVID‑19 discussed routes clinical management therapeutics minimize burden associated disorders. Moreover, research findings exploring prevalence COVID‑19‑related post‑traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms across vulnerable groups, including children, adolescents survivors presented, particular emphasis those who required hospitalization and/or intensive care unit admission. Based available literature, identification potential determinants PTSD different underlined. Lessons learnt pandemics globe highlight utmost importance for evidence‑based, proactive targeted interventions high‑risk groups aiming mitigate risks manage vulnerabilities.

Язык: Английский

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Mental health and perceived impact during the first Covid-19 pandemic year: A longitudinal study in Dutch case-control cohorts of persons with and without depressive, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorders

Journal of Affective Disorders, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 305, С. 85 - 93

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2022

Little is known about the longer-term impact of Covid-19 pandemic beyond first months 2020, particularly for people with pre-existing mental health disorders. Studies including pre-pandemic data from large psychiatric cohorts are scarce.Between April 2020 and February 2021, twelve successive online questionnaires were distributed among participants Netherlands Study Depression Anxiety, in Older Persons, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Association (N = 1714, response rate 62%). Outcomes depressive symptoms, anxiety, worry, loneliness, perceived pandemic, fear Covid-19, positive coping, happiness. Using linear mixed models we compared trajectories between subgroups different chronicity disorders healthy controls.Depressive, anxiety worry symptoms stable since April-May whereas happiness slightly decreased. Furthermore, coping steadily decreased loneliness increased - exceeding pre-Covid levels. Perceived fluctuated accordance national mortality changes. Absolute levels all outcomes poorer higher disorders, yet did not differ subgroups.The most vulnerable groups may have been underrepresented results be generalizable to lower income countries.After a year, remained than before control groups, groups. Nevertheless, persistent high increasing specific points concern care professionals.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence of anxiety in college and university students: An umbrella review

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14, С. 100658 - 100658

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2023

The pervasiveness of anxiety has been increasing progressively over the years, becoming one most critical concerns among colleges and universities. With implications extending towards poorer academic performance overall student mental health, there is an urgent need to address this growing concern. As such, we conducted umbrella review systematic reviews meta-analyses summarize data in literature on prevalence college university students. Moreover, also considered impact COVID-19 pandemic assessed potential moderators through distinct subgroup analyses. A search was carried out across various sources, including five databases, journals, Google Scholar, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, which yielded 25 that met inclusion criteria. Sample sizes ranged from 1,122 1,264,132 (Mdn = 22,171) covered all regions Africa, Arab States, Asia-Pacific, Europe, Middle East, North America, South America. Findings these were subsequently synthesized narratively. students had a median 32.00% 7.40–55.00%. Subgroup analyses revealed being female, living Asia versus undergraduate associated with higher levels anxiety. In addition, increase observed pertaining impacts Covid-19 pandemic. Our findings highlight susceptibility emphasizes for more comprehensive strategies, implementations, interventions combat rising trend.

Язык: Английский

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Exercise tolerance, fatigue, mental health, and employment status at 5 and 12 months following COVID-19 illness in a physically trained population

Journal of Applied Physiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 134(3), С. 622 - 637

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2023

Subjective exercise limiting symptoms such as fatigue and shortness of breath reduce but remain prevalent in symptomatic groups. At 12 mo, COVID-19-exposed individuals still have a reduced capacity for work at the anaerobic threshold (which best predicts sustainable intensity), despite oxygen uptake comparable to controls. The prevalence considered “medically non-deployable” remains high 47%.

Язык: Английский

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Suicidality and COVID‑19: Suicidal ideation, suicidal behaviors and completed suicides amidst the COVID‑19 pandemic (Review)

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2021

Since the outbreak of coronavirus 2019 (COVID‑19) pandemic, there has been widespread concern that social isolation, financial stress, depression, limited or variable access to health care services and other pandemic‑related stressors may contribute an increase in suicidal behaviors. In patients who have recovered from COVID‑19, increased risk developing behaviors be noted, while post‑COVID syndrome comprises another potential factor contributing Despite initial alarming predictions for suicide rates due COVID‑19 majority published studies date suggest experienced difficulties distress do not inevitably translate into number suicide‑related deaths, at least short‑term. Nevertheless, long‑term mental effects pandemic yet unfolded are likely remain a long period time. Suicide prevention measures aiming promoting well‑being mitigating on health, particularly among vulnerable groups, should thus priority healthcare professionals policymakers amidst evolving pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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Summarising data and factors associated with COVID-19 related conspiracy theories in the first year of the pandemic: a systematic review and narrative synthesis

BMC Psychology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2022

Conspiracy theories can have particularly harmful effects by negatively shaping health-related behaviours. A significant number of COVID-19 specific conspiracy emerged in the immediate aftermath pandemic outbreak. The aim this study was to systematically review literature on related during first year (2020), identify their prevalence, determinants and public health consequences. comprehensive search carried out PubMed PsycINFO detect all studies examining any theory between January 1st 2020, 10th 2021. Forty-three were included with a total 61,809 participants. Between 0.4 82.7% participants agreed at least one belief. Certain sociodemographic factors (young age, female gender, being non-white, lower socioeconomic status), psychological aspects (pessimism, blaming others, anger) other qualities (political conservatism, religiosity, mistrust science using social media as source information) associated increased acceptance theories. beliefs led behaviours posed serious threat. Large-scale collaborations governments healthcare organizations are needed curb spread adverse

Язык: Английский

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