Exosomes in neurodegenerative diseases: Therapeutic potential and modification methods DOI Creative Commons
Hongli Chen, Na Li, Yuanhao Cai

и другие.

Neural Regeneration Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(2), С. 478 - 490

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2024

In recent years, exosomes have garnered extensive attention as therapeutic agents and early diagnostic markers in neurodegenerative disease research. Exosomes are small can effectively cross the blood–brain barrier, allowing them to target deep brain lesions. Recent studies demonstrated that derived from different cell types may exert effects by regulating expression of various inflammatory cytokines, mRNAs, disease-related proteins, thereby halting progression diseases exhibiting beneficial effects. However, composed lipid bilayer membranes lack ability recognize specific cells. This limitation lead side toxicity when they interact with non-specific Growing evidence suggests surface-modified enhanced targeting capabilities be used targeted drug-delivery vehicles show promising results treatment diseases. this review, we provide an up-to-date overview existing research aimed at devising approaches modify elucidating their potential Our findings indicate efficiently barrier facilitate drug delivery also serve for We introduce strategies being enhance exosome targeting, including genetic engineering, chemical modifications (both covalent, such click chemistry metabolic non-covalent, polyvalent electrostatic hydrophobic interactions, ligand-receptor binding, aptamer-based modifications, incorporation CP05-anchored peptides), nanomaterial modifications. Research into these has confirmed significant several challenges remain clinical application exosomes. Improvements needed preparation, characterization, optimization methods, well reducing adverse reactions associated use. Additionally, range applications safety require further evaluation.

Язык: Английский

Harnessing the Potential of Exosomes in Therapeutic Interventions for Brain Disorders DOI Open Access
Bai Lu,

Leijie Yu,

Mao‐Sheng Ran

и другие.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(6), С. 2491 - 2491

Опубликована: Март 11, 2025

Exosomes, which are nano-sized natural vesicles secreted by cells, crucial for intercellular communication and interactions, playing a significant role in various physiological pathological processes. Their characteristics, such as low toxicity immunogenicity, high biocompatibility, remarkable drug delivery capabilities—particularly their capacity to traverse the blood–brain barrier—make exosomes highly promising vehicles administration treatment of brain disorders. This review provides comprehensive overview exosome biogenesis isolation techniques, strategies loading functionalization exosomes, exosome-mediated barrier penetration mechanisms, with particular emphasis on recent advances exosome-based Finally, we address opportunities challenges associated utilizing system brain, summarizing barriers clinical translation proposing future research directions.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Schwann cell-derived exosomes ameliorate peripheral neuropathy induced by ablation of dicer in Schwann cells DOI Creative Commons
Lei Wang,

XueRong Lu,

Alexandra Szalad

и другие.

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in Schwann cells (SCs) mediate peripheral nerve function. Ablating Dicer, a key gene miRNA biogenesis, SCs causes neuropathy. Exosomes from healthy (SC-Exo) ameliorate diabetic neuropathy part via miRNAs. Thus, using transgenic mice with conditional and inducible ablation of Dicer proteolipid protein (PLP) expressing (PLP-cKO), we examined whether SC-Exo could reduce PLP-cKO mice. Methods at the age 16 weeks (8 week post-Tamoxifen) were randomly treated or saline weekly for 8 weeks. Age-and sex-matched wild-type (WT) littermates used as controls. Peripheral neurological functions, sciatic integrity, myelination analyzed. Quantitative RT-PCR Western blot analyses performed to examine expression tissues, respectively. Results Compared WT mice, exhibited significant decrease motor sensory conduction velocities, thermal sensitivity, coordination. substantial demyelination axonal damage nerve. Treatment significantly ameliorated damage. showed reduction set Dicer-related miRNAs known regulate myelination, inflammation such miR-138, −146a − 338 In addition, myelin forming proteins, early growth response 2 (EGR2) sex determining region Y-box10 (Sox10), but increased inhibitors, Notch1, c-Jun, Sox2 inhibitor phosphatase tens homolog (PTEN). However, treatment reversed altered proteins. Conclusion This study demonstrates that exogenous induced by PLP SCs. The therapeutic benefit may be mediated their targeted genes.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
The Yin and Yang of Microglia-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in CNS Injury and Diseases DOI Creative Commons
Mousumi Ghosh, Damien D. Pearse

Cells, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(22), С. 1834 - 1834

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2024

Microglia, the resident immune cells of central nervous system (CNS), play a crucial role in maintaining neural homeostasis but can also contribute to disease and injury when this state is disrupted or conversely pivotal neurorepair. One way that microglia exert their effects through secretion small vesicles, microglia-derived exosomes (MGEVs). Exosomes facilitate intercellular communication transported cargoes proteins, lipids, RNA, other bioactive molecules alter behavior internalize them. Under normal physiological conditions, MGEVs are essential homeostasis, whereas dysregulation production and/or alterations have been implicated pathogenesis numerous neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), spinal cord (SCI), traumatic brain (TBI). In contrast, may offer therapeutic potential by reversing inflammation being amenable engineering for delivery beneficial biologics drugs. The determined phenotypic parent microglia. from anti-inflammatory pro-regenerative support neurorepair cell survival delivering neurotrophic factors, mediators, molecular chaperones. Further, deliver components like mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) proteins damaged neurons enhance cellular metabolism resilience. derived pro-inflammatory detrimental on health. Their cargo often contains cytokines, involved oxidative stress, neurotoxic which exacerbate neuroinflammation, neuronal damage, impair synaptic function, hindering processes. neurodegeneration injury-whether harmful-largely depends how they modulate pro- factors cargo, cytokines microRNAs. addition, propagation pathological such as amyloid-beta alpha-synuclein, progression disorders AD PD, transfer apoptotic necrotic induce neuron toxicity trigger glial scarring during neurological injury. review, we provided comprehensive up-to-date understanding mechanisms underlying multifaceted disease. particular, specific exosome various either recovery, will be discussed. has highlighted methodologies employed cell-selective targeting. Understanding influence balance between signaling CNS developing new strategies diseases neurotrauma.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Human Schwann cell exosome treatment attenuates secondary injury mechanisms, histopathological consequences, and behavioral deficits after traumatic brain injury DOI Creative Commons

Meghan O. Blaya,

Yelena Pressman,

MaryLourdes Andreu

и другие.

Neurotherapeutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. e00555 - e00555

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
REDOX AND ACTIN, A FASCINATING STORY DOI Creative Commons
Pascal J. Goldschmidt‐Clermont,

Brock A Sevilla

Redox Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 103630 - 103630

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Exosome-powered neuropharmaceutics: unlocking the blood-brain barrier for next-gen therapies DOI Creative Commons
Shahab Mehdizadeh,

Mobin Mamaghani,

Somayyeh Hassanikia

и другие.

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Май 3, 2025

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) presents a formidable challenge in neuropharmacology, limiting the delivery of therapeutic agents to brain. Exosomes, nature's nanocarriers, have emerged as promising solution due their biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and innate ability traverse BBB. A thorough examination BBB anatomy physiology reveals complexities neurological drug underscores limitations conventional methods. This review explores potential exosome-powered neuropharmaceutics, highlighting structural functional properties, biogenesis, mechanisms release. Their intrinsic advantages delivery, including enhanced stability efficient cellular uptake, are discussed detail. Exosomes naturally overcome barriers through specific translocation mechanisms, making them compelling vehicle for targeted brain therapies. Advances engineering strategies, such genetic biochemical modifications, loading techniques, specificity enhancement, further bolster potential. Exosome-based approaches hold immense promise treating spectrum disorders, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple (MS), tumors, stroke, psychiatric conditions. By leveraging properties innovations, exosomes offer versatile platform precision neurotherapeutics. Despite promise, challenges remain clinical translation, large-scale production, standardization, regulatory considerations. Future research directions exosome nanobiotechnology aim refine these unlocking new avenues diseases. transformative impact exosome-based paving way next-generation therapies that can effectively penetrate revolutionize neuropharmacology.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Exosomes in neurodegenerative diseases: Therapeutic potential and modification methods DOI Creative Commons
Hongli Chen, Na Li, Yuanhao Cai

и другие.

Neural Regeneration Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(2), С. 478 - 490

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2024

In recent years, exosomes have garnered extensive attention as therapeutic agents and early diagnostic markers in neurodegenerative disease research. Exosomes are small can effectively cross the blood–brain barrier, allowing them to target deep brain lesions. Recent studies demonstrated that derived from different cell types may exert effects by regulating expression of various inflammatory cytokines, mRNAs, disease-related proteins, thereby halting progression diseases exhibiting beneficial effects. However, composed lipid bilayer membranes lack ability recognize specific cells. This limitation lead side toxicity when they interact with non-specific Growing evidence suggests surface-modified enhanced targeting capabilities be used targeted drug-delivery vehicles show promising results treatment diseases. this review, we provide an up-to-date overview existing research aimed at devising approaches modify elucidating their potential Our findings indicate efficiently barrier facilitate drug delivery also serve for We introduce strategies being enhance exosome targeting, including genetic engineering, chemical modifications (both covalent, such click chemistry metabolic non-covalent, polyvalent electrostatic hydrophobic interactions, ligand-receptor binding, aptamer-based modifications, incorporation CP05-anchored peptides), nanomaterial modifications. Research into these has confirmed significant several challenges remain clinical application exosomes. Improvements needed preparation, characterization, optimization methods, well reducing adverse reactions associated use. Additionally, range applications safety require further evaluation.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0