Physical activity levels among Malaysian University and State University of Medan Students: gender difference and the influence of BMI
Retos,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
60, С. 429 - 438
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024
Abstract.
The
decline
in
physical
activity
has
adversely
impacted
health,
with
university
students
being
particularly
affected.
Thus,
this
study
examined
the
effect
of
gender
and
Body
Mass
Index
(BMI)
on
levels
among
Malaysian
universities
Medan
State
University
students.
research
involved
130
from
education
Malaysia
Universities.
data
were
collected
using
Physical
Activity
Questionnaire
for
Adolescents
(PAQ-A).
indicated
significant
differences
This
difference
might
be
affected
by
gender,
male
showing
significantly
higher
than
female
(Sig.
=
0.001
η²
0.082).
Therefore,
it
is
important
to
consider
such
factors
designing
health
wellness
programs,
especially
increase
students'
participation
activity.
Nonetheless,
statistical
test
showed
no
was
found
different
categories.
finding
indicates
that,
unlike
BMI
does
not
affect
0.310).
implications
these
findings
suggest
an
urgent
need
tailored
interventions
settings,
University.
can
create
environment
that
supports
active
lifestyles
contributes
improving
well-being
providing
accessible
sports
facilities,
organizing
fitness
classes,
promoting
transportation
options.
strategy
expected
address
challenges
activity,
students,
thereby
increasing
awareness
overall
Keywords:
Activity,
Students,
Gender
Disparities,
Effects,
Education
Язык: Английский
Legal and social perspectives on the phenomena of supporter violence in sport
Syaifullah Yophi Ardiyanto,
Gusliana HB,
Nurkadri Nurkadri
и другие.
Retos,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
60, С. 232 - 241
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024
Abstract.
This
study
examines
the
legal
and
social
perspectives
of
supporter
violence
in
sports.
The
employed
a
systematic
literature
review,
gathering
articles
from
Google
Scholar
based
on
inclusion
exclusion
criteria.
For
example,
search
focused
published
journals
indexed
by
Scopus
databases.
In
addition,
must
be
between
2019
2024.
keywords
used
were;
"Legal
AND
Social
Supporter
Violence
Sport".
then
obtained
61.700
articles.
Furthermore,
these
were
screened
several
stages,
yielding
10
that
met
theme
fulfilled
requirements.
During
article
selection,
this
research
followed
PRISMA
method.
results
revealed
prevention
requires
holistic
integrated
approach.
Controlling
supporters'
violent
behavior
needs
not
only
strict
frameworks
consistent
law
enforcement
but
also
organizational
culture
changes
structural
arrangements
within
sports
organizations
to
instill
anti-violence.
Cultural
norms
supportive
group
dynamics
play
role
mitigating
violence,
showing
need
for
community-based
approach
involving
supporters
as
part
strategies.
found
psychological
factors
such
personality
characteristics,
empathy,
materialism
significant
determining
aggressive
behavior.
Thus,
an
effective
integrate
various
aspects,
including
legal,
social,
psychological,
organizational.
Additionally,
collaborative
governance
should
expanded
increase
effectiveness
interventions.
designing
comprehensive
policies,
it
is
important
different
disciplines
involve
while
paying
attention
accountability
deep
impact
create
safe
environment
significantly
reduce
violence.
Keywords:
perspective,
law,
supporter,
sport
Язык: Английский
Examining physical education learning outcomes of senior high school students: the impact of gender and learning frequency
Retos,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
60, С. 393 - 404
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024
Abstract.
This
study
examines
differences
in
learning
outcomes
Physical
Education
(PE)
high
school
students
based
on
their
gender
and
frequency.
The
samples
were
Yogyakarta
selected
using
a
Simple
Random
Sampling
system.
data
analysed
descriptive
statistics
inferential
factorial
two-way
ANOVA.
In
the
low
frequency
category,
mean
achievement
of
PE
for
male
was
85.67.
Meanwhile,
female
slightly
lower
by
82.33.
Furthermore,
if
we
look
at
84.00.
On
other
hand,
84.08.
result
ANOVA
test
factor
significant,
with
value
0.943,
which
greater
than
0.05.
figure
indicates
no
significant
difference
variable,
showed
significance
0.007,
smaller
It
means
that
does
not
have
outcomes.
factors,
0.005,
combination
influences
students’
conclusion,
academic
results
from
complex
interaction
between
various
factors
such
as
motivation,
style,
curriculum
design,
technological
intervention.
An
in-depth
understanding
these
is
critical
educators
policymakers
to
improve
student
success
physical
education
subjects.
These
findings
demonstrate
importance
an
evidence-based
holistic
approach
achieve
optimal
Keywords:
Learning
Achievement,
PE,
Students,
Adolescents,
Gender,
Frequency
Study
Язык: Английский
Ensuring fairness and transparency in sports through compliance to legal principles and ethical stand-ards
Gusliana HB,
Syaifullah Yophi Ardiyanto,
Nurkadri Nurkadri
и другие.
Retos,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
60, С. 204 - 216
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024
Abstract.
The
objective
of
the
study
is
to
analyze
sports
ethics
within
legal
framework
in
order
guarantee
fairness
and
transparency.
was
achieved
by
employing
a
systematic
literature
review
methodology.
data
collected
searching
Google
Scholar,
specifically
focusing
on
articles
indexed
Scopus
databases
between
2019
2024.
employed
certain
keywords,
such
as
"Sports
Ethics
AND
Legal
Framework
Guarantee
OR
Assurance
Fairness
Openness".
search
generated
total
27,500
articles.
After
undertaking
multiple
phases
screening
process,
finally
identified
9
that
aligned
with
chosen
themes
fulfilled
inclusion
criteria.
In
addition,
this
complied
PRISMA
technique
during
article
selection
process.
revealed
absence
clear
definitions
coordination
across
governmental
agencies
has
led
significant
problems
implementing
enforcing
ethical
standards
sports.
To
enhance
discipline,
it
imperative
implement
improved
training,
establish
explicit
norms,
ensure
transparency,
enforce
accountability.
It
crucial
for
evaluating
technology
takes
into
account
considerations
maintain
honesty
face
technological
progress.
principle
equity,
which
advocates
equal
unbiased
possibilities
categorization
paralympic
sports,
emphasizes
importance
fair
classification
system
integrity
competition.
Similarly,
dilemmas
eSports
reflect
those
found
traditional
Placing
strong
focus
principles
research,
includes
providing
rules
research
methods
addressing
clinical
obstacles
may
arise
specific
situations,
can
reinfornce
maintaining
credibility
science.
Keywords:
Sports
Ethics,
Framework,
Guarantee,
Fairness,
Openness
Язык: Английский