Oxford University Press eBooks,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 197 - 210
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2025
Abstract
This
Conclusion
sums
up
the
big-picture
view
of
science
animal
minds
which
has
emerged
through
book
and
reiterates
actionable
suggestions
from
earlier
chapters.
The
general
approach
suggested
is
a
holistic
inference
to
best
explanation,
considers
all
relevant
evidence
may
often
require
judgment
calls
about
what
counts
as
an
instance
capacity
under
question.
replaces
features
current
standard
practice
that
have
been
difficult
dislodge
despite
recent
criticism.
There
are
also
specific
model
evaluation,
statistical
methods,
experimental
design,
building.
We
outline
a
framework
for
evaluating
scientific
evidence
of
sentience,
focusing
on
pain
experience.
It
includes
eight
neural
and
cognitive-behavioural
criteria,
with
confidence
levels
each
criterion
reflecting
the
reliability
quality
evidence.
rationale
apply
our
to
controversial
sentience
candidate:
decapod
crustaceans.
have
either
high
or
very
that
true
crabs
(infraorder
Brachyura)
satisfy
five
amounting
strong
sentience.
Moreover,
we
both
anomuran
Anomura)
astacid
lobsters/crayfish
Astacidea)
meet
three
criteria—substantial
The
case
is,
as
yet,
weaker
other
infraorders,
such
penaeid
shrimps,
highlighting
important
research
gaps.
Having
demonstrated
framework’s
application
crustaceans,
hope
future
will
it
taxa.
iScience,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
24(3), С. 102229 - 102229
Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2021
Pain
is
a
negative
affective
state
arising
from
tissue
damage
or
inflammation.
Because
pain
aversive
and
its
relief
innately
rewarding,
animals
may
learn
to
avoid
context
in
which
experienced
prefer
one
where
occurs.
It
generally
accepted
that
vertebrate
experience
pain;
however,
there
currently
inconclusive
evidence
the
component
of
occurs
any
invertebrate.
Here,
we
show
octopuses,
most
neurologically
complex
invertebrates,
exhibit
cognitive
spontaneous
behaviors
indicative
experience.
In
conditioned
place
preference
assays,
octopuses
avoided
contexts
was
experienced,
preferred
location
they
pain,
showed
no
absence
pain.
Injection
site
grooming
occurred
all
receiving
acetic
acid
injections,
but
this
abolished
by
local
anesthesia.
Thus,
are
likely
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Март 24, 2022
Synthetic
biology
and
bioengineering
provide
the
opportunity
to
create
novel
embodied
cognitive
systems
(otherwise
known
as
minds)
in
a
very
wide
variety
of
chimeric
architectures
combining
evolved
designed
material
software.
These
advances
are
disrupting
familiar
concepts
philosophy
mind,
require
new
ways
thinking
about
comparing
truly
diverse
intelligences,
whose
composition
origin
not
like
any
available
natural
model
species.
In
this
Perspective,
I
introduce
TAME-Technological
Approach
Mind
Everywhere-a
framework
for
understanding
manipulating
cognition
unconventional
substrates.
TAME
formalizes
non-binary
(continuous),
empirically-based
approach
strongly
agency.
provides
way
think
animal
sentience
an
instance
collective
intelligence
cell
groups,
arising
from
dynamics
that
manifest
similar
numerous
other
When
applied
regenerating/developmental
systems,
suggests
perspective
on
morphogenesis
example
basal
cognition.
The
deep
symmetry
between
problem-solving
anatomical,
physiological,
transcriptional,
3D
(traditional
behavioral)
spaces
drives
specific
hypotheses
by
which
capacities
can
increase
during
evolution.
An
important
medium
exploited
evolution
joining
active
subunits
into
greater
agents
is
developmental
bioelectricity,
implemented
pre-neural
use
ion
channels
gap
junctions
scale
up
cell-level
feedback
loops
anatomical
homeostasis.
This
architecture
multi-scale
competency
biological
has
implications
plasticity
bodies
minds,
greatly
potentiating
evolvability.
Considering
classical
recent
data
perspectives
computational
science,
evolutionary
biology,
cognition,
reveals
rich
research
program
with
many
regenerative
medicine,
artificial
intelligence.
A
growing
number
of
non-human
animal
species
are
being
seriously
considered
as
candidates
for
sentience,
but
plants
either
forgotten
or
explicitly
excluded
from
these
debates.
In
our
view,
this
is
based
on
the
belief
that
plant
behavior
hardwired
and
inflexible
an
underestimation
role
electrophysiology.
We
weigh
such
assumptions
against
evidence
to
suggest
it
time
take
hypothesis
plants,
too,
might
be
sentient.
hope
target
article
will
serve
invitation
investigate
sentience
in
with
same
rigor
animals.
Insects,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13(2), С. 121 - 121
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2022
A
growing
number
of
studies
underline
consumers’
concerns
about
the
importance
animal
welfare
as
a
general
concept
for
purchase
decisions.
In
particular,
consumers
perceive
husbandry
to
be
one
most
important
aspects
welfare.
Since
intensive
livestock
production
is
criticized
across
society,
acceptance
current
systems
edible
insects
an
issue
investigation.
Criteria
insect
might
differ
from
vertebrate
One
argue
that
it
difficult
define
standards
due
their
large
diversity
in
living
environments
and
feed
requirements.
addition,
debated
whether
are
conscious
suffer
pain.
It
has
been
demanded
rear
preferably
under
natural
conditions
some
researchers
proposed
consider
them
sentient
beings.
Basic
ethical
food
include
species-specific
mass
rearing
euthanasia,
i.e.,
killing
procedures.
Consumers’
opinions
regarding
this
have
hardly
considered
so
far.
paper,
prevalent
defined
outlined,
relevant
criteria
transferred
Different
ways
arrive
at
understanding
discussed,
along
with
overview
few
consumer
on
Furthermore,
we
how
presented
public
discourse
infer
perceptions
Journal of Insects as Food and Feed,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
9(2), С. 119 - 148
Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2022
Over
two
hundred
billion
black
soldier
flies
(BSF,
Hermetia
illucens
(Diptera:
Stratiomyidae))
are
reared
annually
across
the
globe,
with
industry
projected
to
grow
substantially
in
coming
decade.
Black
being
actively
explored
globe
for
use
as
livestock
feed;
fishmeal
replacements;
biodiesel;
human,
animal,
and
food
waste
management;
even
sustainable
human
protein.
Despite
huge
number
of
individual
insects
interest
BSF
welfare
by
numerous
producers
academics,
there
is
no
paper
that
considers
species-specific
farmed
conditions.
We
review
factors
relate
commercial
rearing
facilities,
including:
diseases/parasites,
abiotic
conditions
(temperature,
humidity/moisture,
substrate
aeration,
light,
pupation
substrates,
adult
spatial
needs),
larval
nutritional
considerations,
injury
crowding,
handling-associated
stress,
selective
breeding
genetic
modification,
environmental
contaminants,
slaughter
methods.
conclude
a
discussion
most
pressing
concerns
industry,
recommendations
altering
give
rise
them,
suggestions
future
research
directions
would
lend
valuable
insights
welfare.
While
this
summary
BSF-centric,
core
topic
animal
applies
all
insect
models
currently,
or
future,
produced
feed.
Mind & Language,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
39(3), С. 415 - 433
Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024
The
marker
approach
is
taken
as
best
practice
for
answering
the
distribution
question
:
Which
animals
are
conscious?
However,
methodology
can
be
used
to
increase
confidence
in
many
presume
unconscious,
including
C.
elegans
,
leading
a
trilemma:
accept
worms
conscious;
reject
specific
markers;
or
question.
I
defend
third
option
and
argue
that
requires
secure
theory
of
consciousness.
Accepting
hypothesis
all
conscious
will
promote
research
theory,
which
needed
create
reliable
consciousness
tests
AIs.
Rather
than
asking
question,
we
should
shift
dimensions
How
Oxford University Press eBooks,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 173 - 196
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2025
Abstract
This
chapter
addresses
the
challenge
of
measuring
consciousness.
Consciousness
does
not
seem
to
fit
into
standard
scientific
picture
world.
As
such,
it
has
been
largely
ignored
across
and
scientifically
minded
fields.
begun
change
in
recent
years.
Using
consciousness
cephalopods
as
its
example,
this
“distribution
question,”
question
which
animals
are
conscious
first
place.
We
need
measures
that
can
identify
animals.
However,
candidate
theories
all
still
extremely
uncertain
contentious.
The
suggests
a
way
thinking
about
their
relation
theory
help
further
development
these
even
we
develop
attempt
learn
conscious.
