
Society, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(2), С. 656 - 673
Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2024
Skill development is pivotal to Pakistan’s economic and social transformation, addressing human capital challenges. This systematic literature review synthesizes findings from 38 peer-reviewed studies conducted between 2015 2024 evaluate existing policies practices. Findings reveal myriad barriers in vocational education ecosystem, including outdated curricula, weak industry-academia collaboration, governance inefficiencies, disproportionately affecting vulnerable rural populations. Programs like the National Skills Strategy (NSS) Punjab Development Fund (PSDF) aim align with labor market demands, but financial constraints inefficiencies hinder implementation. Due infrastructural inadequacies, digital literacy entrepreneurial programs face implementation The study advocates for experiential learning modalities inclusive dismantle socio-cultural barriers. Comparisons global models such as Germany’s dual system Singapore’s SkillsFuture initiative illustrate opportunities modernize TVET (Technical Vocational Education Training) framework. Policy recommendations emphasize need strategic investments infrastructure foster industry partnerships, integrate cutting-edge technologies aligning Industry 4.0, fostering public-private promoting gender-inclusive strategies enhance workforce readiness competitiveness. These reforms Sustainable Goals (SDGs) 4 8, offering a pathway Pakistan readiness, competitiveness, promote equitable socioeconomic development.
Язык: Английский