Flavonoids and their role in oxidative stress, inflammation, and human diseases

Chemico-Biological Interactions, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 111489 - 111489

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are important drivers in the pathogenesis progression of many diseases, such as cancers breast, kidney, lung, others, autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis), cardiovascular (hypertension, atherosclerosis, arrhythmia), neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's Huntington's disease), mental disorders (depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder), gastrointestinal (inflammatory bowel colorectal cancer), other disorders. With increasing demand for less toxic more tolerable therapies, flavonoids have potential to effectively modulate responsiveness conventional therapy radiotherapy. Flavonoids polyphenolic compounds found fruits, vegetables, grains, plant-derived beverages. Six twelve structurally different flavonoid subgroups dietary significance include anthocyanidins (e.g. pelargonidin, cyanidin), flavan-3-ols epicatechin, epigallocatechin), flavonols quercetin, kaempferol), flavones luteolin, baicalein), flavanones hesperetin, naringenin), isoflavones (daidzein, genistein). The health benefits related their structural characteristics, number position hydroxyl groups presence C2=C3 double bonds, which predetermine ability chelate metal ions, terminate ROS radicals formed by Fenton reaction), interact with biological targets trigger a response. Based on these can exert both antioxidant or prooxidant properties, activity ROS-scavenging enzymes expression activation proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)), induce apoptosis autophagy, target key signaling pathways, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2 (Nrf2) Bcl-2 family proteins. This review aims briefly discuss mutually interconnected aspects oxidative inflammatory mechanisms, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, DNA damage, mechanism resolution inflammation. major part this article discusses role alleviating inflammation, two common components human diseases. results epidemiological studies also presented.

Язык: Английский

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Amino acids and flavonoids analysis reveals quality constituents difference among different albino tea resources

Food Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 449, С. 139200 - 139200

Опубликована: Март 30, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Multi-therapeutic potential of flavonoids as an essential component in nutraceuticals for the treatment and management of human diseases

Phytomedicine Plus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(2), С. 100558 - 100558

Опубликована: Март 29, 2024

Diseases are one of the factors affecting human and national development in all its ramifications. Some diseases that affect humans usually difficult to manage or treat using conventional medications. Fortunately, nature provides man with many plants endowed medicinal properties. The properties due presence active metabolites, including flavonoids, have been shown multi-therapeutic Therefore, purpose this study was provide information on potencies flavonoids against diseases. Information within scope sourced from scientific databases such as Google Scholar, African Journals Online, Scopus, MEDLINE, PubMed, well non-indexed literature. biological function 27 distinct medical conditions—both communicable non-communicable—was documented. way work 10 different cancer types, 4 neglected tropical 14 health conditions clarified. Flavonoids were also hepatoprotective antioxidant Based findings, therapeutic use treatment and/or management a wide range illnesses, asthma, cancer, dementia, diabetes, glaucoma, hepatitis, malaria, several other conditions. provided paper could help direct future research two more an individual.

Язык: Английский

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Natural Guardians: Natural Compounds as Radioprotectors in Cancer Therapy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(13), С. 6937 - 6937

Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2024

Cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with millions of deaths attributed to it annually. Radiotherapy, cornerstone in cancer treatment, aims destroy cells while minimizing harm healthy tissues. However, the harmful effects irradiation on normal present formidable obstacle. To mitigate these effects, researchers have explored using radioprotectors and mitigators, including natural compounds derived from secondary plant metabolites. This review outlines diverse classes compounds, elucidating their roles as protectants cells. Furthermore, highlights potential radioprotective agents capable enhancing body's resilience radiation therapy. By integrating into treatment regimens, clinicians may improve therapeutic outcomes adverse Ongoing research this area holds promise for developing complementary strategies optimize radiotherapy efficacy enhance patient quality life.

Язык: Английский

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Synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection: The molecular impact of flavonoids on neurodegenerative disease progression

Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 569, С. 161 - 183

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Mechanistic and Therapeutic Insights into Flavonoid-Based Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase: Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(1), С. 78 - 78

Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2024

Flavonoids are naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds known for their extensive range of biological activities. This review focuses on the inhibitory effects flavonoids acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and potential as therapeutic agents cognitive dysfunction. AChE, a serine hydrolase that plays crucial role in cholinergic neurotransmission, is key target treatment impairments due to its function acetylcholine hydrolysis. Natural compounds, particularly flavonoids, have demonstrated significant inhibition positioning them promising alternatives or adjuncts neuropharmacology. study specifically examines such quercetin, apigenin, kaempferol, naringenin, investigating efficacy, binding mechanisms, additional neuroprotective properties, including antioxidant anti-inflammatory effects. In vitro, vivo, silico analyses reveal these effectively interact with both active peripheral anionic sites resulting increased levels stabilization signaling. Their mechanisms action extend beyond mere enzymatic inhibition, they also exhibit anti-amyloidogenic thereby offering multifaceted approach neuroprotection. Given findings, hold considerable modulators implications enhancing treating neurodegenerative diseases. Future studies should prioritize enhancement flavonoid bioavailability, evaluate efficacy clinical settings, explore synergistic when combined established therapies fully harness neurotherapeutic agents.

Язык: Английский

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A critical appraisal of geroprotective activities of flavonoids in terms of their bio-accessibility and polypharmacology

Neurochemistry International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 180, С. 105859 - 105859

Опубликована: Сен. 10, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Naringenin – a potential nephroprotective agent for diabetic kidney disease: A comprehensive review of scientific evidence

Biomolecules and Biomedicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(6), С. 1441 - 1451

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, which major contributing factor to kidney (CKD), end-stage renal (ESRD), and cardiovascular-related deaths. There are several mechanisms leading injury, with hyperglycemia well known stimulate oxidative stress, inflammation, tissue remodeling, dysfunction in the vascular system organs. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) decrease bioavailability of vasodilators while increasing vasoconstrictors, resulting an imbalance tone development hypertension. Treatments for diabetes focus on controlling blood glucose levels, but due complexity disease, multiple drugs often required successfully delay microvascular complications, including CKD. In this context, naringenin, flavonoid found citrus fruits, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, antioxidant effects, suggesting its potential protect from deleterious effects diabetes. This review aims summarize scientific evidence naringenin as therapeutic option diabetes-induced

Язык: Английский

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Quercetin protective potential against nanoparticle-induced adverse effects

Nanotoxicology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 22

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

The rapid development of nanotechnology has resulted in the widespread use nanoparticles (NPs) various sectors due to their unique properties and diverse applications. However, increased exposure humans NPs raises concerns about potential negative impact on human health environment. pathways through which exert adverse effects, including inflammation oxidative stress, are primarily influenced by size, shape, surface charge, chemistry, underscoring critical need comprehend alleviate detrimental impacts. In this context, natural flavonoid quercetin is a promising candidate for counteracting toxicity induced its anti-inflammatory antioxidant properties. This review provides an overview existing literature quercetin's protective effects against NPs-induced toxicity, highlighting therapeutic benefits mechanisms action, focusing ability inflammation, cellular damage caused types NPs. Insights from both vitro vivo studies demonstrate effectiveness preserving function, modulating apoptotic pathways, maintaining tissue integrity presence as agent valuable insights safer daily

Язык: Английский

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Unveiling the potential biological and chemical mechanism of Pergularia tomentosa extracts by LC‐ESI‐HR‐MS/MS, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, enzymatic inhibitory, photoprotective, and sedative studies

Chemistry & Biodiversity, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

By means of this investigation, we were able to ascertain some hitherto undiscovered biological activities Pergularia tomentosa. In study, the chemical composition P. tomentosa extracts (aqueous PtAE and hydroalcoholic PtHE) was investigated by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-HR-MS/MS) analysis. The evaluated for various features in vitro, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, urease inhibitory, sun protection factor (SPF) capabilities. To assess antioxidant activity PtHE, which expressed as 50% inhibition absorbance at 0.5 values, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) 2,2'-azino-bis(3 ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+) scavenging, ferric reducing power, silver nanoparticle-based assays performed. vitro anti-inflammatory impact inhibitory effect PtHE on albumin denaturation. Also, established, first time, tomentosa's capacity SPF. order vivo experiments conducted evaluate their acute toxicity, effects sedative properties, are determined time. outcomes revealed that these prolific flavonoids cardenolides, among other secondary metabolites. Some compounds identified time plant. findings demonstrated potent against DPPH● (244.43 ± 1.44 µg/mL), ABTS●+ (18.30 2.11 strongly active power (4.56 0.80 µg/mL) SNP (44.81 1.13 µg/mL). potential is significant, percentages (61.57% 43.77% comparable reference ibuprofen. All treated mice did not exhibit any signs intoxication after receiving a single dose 2000 mg/kg oral alternatively. have with 77.25% 43.00%, respectively. Emphasising both extracts, administration produced decrease movement 49.77% 60.00% PtHE. These highlights prove ability suppress formation paw oedema lower spontaneous locomotor mice. data gathered suggest has use pharmaceutical industries an alternative therapy different physiological disorders diseases therapeutic agent.

Язык: Английский

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