Privacy preservation in Artificial Intelligence and Extended Reality (AI-XR) metaverses: A survey

Journal of Network and Computer Applications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 231, С. 103989 - 103989

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2024

The metaverse is a nascent concept that envisions virtual universe, collaborative space where individuals can interact, create, and participate in wide range of activities. Privacy the critical concern as evolves immersive experiences become more prevalent. privacy problem refers to challenges concerns surrounding personal information data within Virtual Reality (VR) environments shared VR becomes accessible. Metaverse will harness advancements from various technologies such Artificial Intelligence (AI), Extended (XR) Mixed (MR) provide personalized services its users. Moreover, enable experiences, relies on collection fine-grained user leads issues. Therefore, before potential be fully realized, related must addressed. This includes safeguarding users' control over their data, ensuring security information, protecting in-world actions interactions unauthorized sharing. In this paper, we explore future metaverses are expected face, given reliance AI for tracking users, creating XR MR facilitating interactions. thoroughly analyze technical solutions differential privacy, Homomorphic Encryption, Federated Learning discuss sociotechnical issues regarding privacy.

Язык: Английский

---

Exploring the Privacy Risks of Adversarial VR Game Design

Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2023(4), С. 238 - 256

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2023

Fifty study participants playtested an innocent-looking "escape room" game in virtual reality (VR). Within just a few minutes, adversarial program had accurately inferred over 25 of their personal data attributes, from anthropometrics like height and wingspan to demographics age gender. As notoriously data-hungry companies become increasingly involved VR development, this experimental scenario may soon represent typical user experience. Since the Cambridge Analytica scandal 2018, adversarially-designed gamified elements have been known constitute significant privacy threat conventional social platforms. In work, we present case how metaverse environments can similarly be adversarially constructed covertly infer dozens attributes seemingly-anonymous users. While existing research largely focuses on passive observation, argue that because individuals subconsciously reveal information via motion response specific stimuli, active attacks pose outsized risk environments.

Язык: Английский

---

Deep Motion Masking for Secure, Usable, and Scalable Real-Time Anonymization of Ecological Virtual Reality Motion Data

2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 493 - 500

Опубликована: Март 16, 2024

Virtual reality (VR) and "metaverse" systems have recently seen a resurgence in interest investment as major technology companies continue to enter the space. However, recent studies demonstrated that motion tracking "telemetry" data used by nearly all VR applications is uniquely identifiable fingerprint scan, raising significant privacy concerns surrounding metaverse technologies. In this paper, we propose new "deep masking" approach scalably facilitates real-time anonymization of telemetry data. Through large-scale user study $(N=182)$ , demonstrate our method significantly more usable private than existing anonymity systems.

Язык: Английский

---

Exploring the Uncoordinated Privacy Protections of Eye Tracking and VR Motion Data for Unauthorized User Identification

Опубликована: Март 8, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Behavioral Gait Biometrics in VR: Is the Use of Synthetic Samples Able to Increase Person Identification Metrics?

Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 36(2)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT In this paper, we present an approach to build a biometric system capable of identifying subjects based on gait. The experiments were carried out with proprietary gait corpus collected from 100 subjects. the data acquisition process, used commercially available perception neuron body suit equipped motion sensors and dedicated entertainment in VR domain. Classification was performed using two variants CNN architecture evaluated cross‐day validation. A novelty presented exploration research areas related usage synthetically generated samples. Experiments conducted for types preprocessing—a low‐pass filtering signals 3rd‐ or 1st‐order Butterworth filter. For first variant, synthetic samples by long short‐term memory‐mixture density network (LSTM‐MDN) model allowed us increase F1‐score 0.928 0.966. Meanwhile, second case 0.970 0.978 F1‐score.

Язык: Английский

---

Cyber Security and Privacy Issues in Extended Reality Healthcare Applications: Scoping Review (Preprint)

JMIR XR and spatial computing., Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1, С. e59409 - e59409

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

Abstract Background Virtual reality (VR) is a type of extended (XR) technology that seeing increasing adoption in health care. There robust evidence articulating how consumer-grade VR presents significant cybersecurity and privacy risks due to the often ubiquitous wide range data collection user monitoring, as well unique impact attacks immersive nature technology. However, little known about these translate use systems care settings. Objective The objective this scoping review identify potential associated with clinical XR systems, focus on VR, mitigations for them. Methods followed PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items Systematic reviews Meta-Analyses extension Scoping Reviews), publications were reviewed using Covidence software. Google Scholar database was searched predefined search terms. inclusion criteria articles restricted relevant primary studies published from 2017 2024. Furthermore, reviews, abstracts, viewpoints, opinion pieces, low-quality excluded. Additionally, publication statistics, topic, technology, cyber threats, risk mitigation extracted. These synthesized analyzed STRIDE (spoofing, tampering, repudiation, information disclosure, denial service, elevation privilege) framework, enterprise management National Institute Standards Technology Cybersecurity Framework, developing threat taxonomies. Results returned 482 matched criteria. After title abstract screening, 53 extracted full-text review, which 29 included analysis. Of these, majority last 4 years had VR. greatest identified components disclosure by tampering when mapped against framework. strategies provide confidentiality integrity can potentially address threats. Only 3 papers mention context none threats or have been studied setting. Conclusions This where personal health-related may be inferred usage data, breaching confidentiality, most posited systems. manipulation highlighted, could safety launched compromised system. Many but must first assessed their effectiveness suitability services. services should consider governance each individual application based threshold perceived benefits. Finally, it also important note limited quality scope Scholar.

Язык: Английский

---

Understanding Parents’ Perceptions and Practices Toward Children’s Security and Privacy in Virtual Reality

2022 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP), Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17, С. 1554 - 1572

Опубликована: Май 19, 2024

Recent years have seen a sharp increase in the number of underage users virtual reality (VR), where security and privacy (S&P) risks such as data surveillance self-disclosure social interaction been increasingly prominent.Prior work shows children largely rely on parents to mitigate S&P their technology use.Therefore, understanding parents' knowledge, perceptions, practices is critical for identifying gaps parents, designers, policymakers enhance children's S&P.While empirical knowledge substantial other consumer technologies, it remains unknown context VR.To address gap, we conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with 20 under age 18 who use VR at home.Our findings highlight generally lack awareness due perception that still its infancy.To protect interactions VR, currently primarily active strategies verbal education about S&P.Passive using parental controls are not commonly used among our interviewees, mainly perceived technical constraints.Parents also multi-stakeholder ecosystem must be established towards more support VR.Based findings, propose actionable recommendations stakeholders, including educators, companies, governments.• RQ1: What perceptions VR? • RQ2: risk mitigation RQ3: expectations toward stakeholders future S&P-enhancing features VR?To RQs, recruited whose

Язык: Английский

---

Recent Trends of Authentication Methods in Extended Reality: A Survey

Applied System Innovation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(3), С. 45 - 45

Опубликована: Май 28, 2024

Extended Reality (XR) is increasingly gaining momentum in industries such as retail, health, and education. To protect users’ personal data, establishing a secure authentication system for XR devices becomes essential. Recently, the focus on methods has been limited. further our understanding of this topic, we surveyed schemes, particularly systems deployed settings. In survey, focused reviewing evaluating papers published during last decade (between 2014 2023). We compared knowledge-based authentication, physical biometrics, behavioral multi-model terms accuracy, security, usability. also highlighted benefits drawbacks those methods. These highlights will direct future Human–computer Interaction (HCI) security research to develop secure, reliable, practical systems.

Язык: Английский

---

Inferring Private Personal Attributes of Virtual Reality Users from Ecologically Valid Head and Hand Motion Data

2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 477 - 484

Опубликована: Март 16, 2024

Motion tracking "telemetry" data lies at the core of nearly all modern virtual reality (VR) and metaverse experiences. While generally presumed innocuous, recent studies have demonstrated that motion actually has potential to uniquely identify VR users. In this study, we go a step further, showing variety private user information can be inferred just by analyzing recorded from devices. We conducted large-scale survey users (N=1,006) with dozens questions ranging background demographics behavioral patterns health information. then obtained samples each playing game "Beat Saber," attempted infer their responses using head hand patterns. Using simple machine learning models, over 40 personal attributes could accurately consistently alone. Despite significant observed leakage, there remains limited awareness privacy implications data, highlighting pressing need for privacy-preserving mechanisms in multi-user applications.

Язык: Английский

---

Exploring the Privacy Risks of Adversarial VR Game Design

arXiv (Cornell University), Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Fifty study participants playtested an innocent-looking "escape room" game in virtual reality (VR). Within just a few minutes, adversarial program had accurately inferred over 25 of their personal data attributes, from anthropometrics like height and wingspan to demographics age gender. As notoriously data-hungry companies become increasingly involved VR development, this experimental scenario may soon represent typical user experience. Since the Cambridge Analytica scandal 2018, adversarially designed gamified elements have been known constitute significant privacy threat conventional social platforms. In work, we present case how metaverse environments can similarly be constructed covertly infer dozens attributes seemingly anonymous users. While existing research largely focuses on passive observation, argue that because individuals subconsciously reveal information via motion response specific stimuli, active attacks pose outsized risk environments.

Язык: Английский

---