A Comprehensive Review of Climatic Threats and Adaptation of Marine Biodiversity
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(2), С. 344 - 344
Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2024
Oceans
play
a
vital
role
in
socioeconomic
and
environmental
development
by
supporting
activities
such
as
tourism,
recreation,
food
provision
while
providing
important
ecosystem
services.
However,
concerns
have
been
raised
about
the
threat
that
climate
change
poses
to
functions
of
oceans.
This
study
examines
impacts,
threats,
adaptation
strategies
marine
biodiversity.
Using
bibliometric
secondary
data
analysis,
this
determines
leads
rising
sea
temperatures,
heatwaves,
acidification,
increasing
levels.
These
factors
undermine
significance
ocean
also
identifies
significant
risks
posed
species
diversity
distribution,
primarily
through
habitat
degradation
shifts
ranges.
Scholarly
focus
on
these
challenges
has
grown
over
time,
focusing
building
resilience
mitigate
adverse
impacts.
critically
evaluates
various
measures,
including
nature-based
human-based
solutions
restoration,
policy
legislative
frameworks,
their
potential
protect
ecosystems.
It
provides
detailed
discussions
effectiveness
protected
areas
(MPAs),
mangrove
coral
reef
range
shifts.
review
emphasises
indigenous
knowledge
systems
community
participation
conservation
efforts
achieve
holistic
sustainable
management.
highlights
need
for
enhanced
international
cooperation
transdisciplinary
approach
address
complex
interplay
between
Additionally,
suggests
funding
research
gaps
can
be
secured
tourism
revenue
other
mechanisms.
Язык: Английский
Optimizing the Hydrodynamic Performance of Unmanned Sailboats by Adjusting the Structure of the Keel and Rudder
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13(3), С. 414 - 414
Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2025
The
hydrodynamic
performance
optimization
of
unmanned
sailboats
is
great
significance
for
achieving
long-endurance,
long-distance,
and
highly
concealed
navigation.
Based
on
the
existing
design
sailboats,
this
study
optimized
keel
rudder,
proposed
specific
strategies,
evaluated
determined
optimal
structural
scheme.
Subsequently,
a
comprehensive
analysis
resistance
performance,
stability,
maneuverability
sailboat
before
after
was
conducted
using
CFD
numerical
simulations
MAXSURF
software.
results
show
that
effectively
reduces
contact
area
with
water,
significantly
lowering
overall
sailboat.
In
terms
greatly
improves
initial
thereby
enhancing
stability
Regarding
maneuverability,
achieves
maximum
steering
force
at
rudder
angle
15°,
demonstrating
excellent
maneuvering
capabilities.
Overall,
indicate
exhibits
outstanding
providing
reliable
theoretical
references
technical
support
sailboats.
Язык: Английский
Uncrewed surface vehicles in the Global Ocean Observing System: a new frontier for observing and monitoring at the air-sea interface
Frontiers in Marine Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Март 7, 2025
Observing
air-sea
interactions
on
a
global
scale
is
essential
for
improving
Earth
system
forecasts.
Yet
these
exchanges
are
challenging
to
quantify
range
of
reasons,
including
extreme
conditions,
vast
and
remote
under-sampled
locations,
requirements
multitude
co-located
variables,
the
high
variability
fluxes
in
space
time.
Uncrewed
Surface
Vehicles
(USVs)
present
novel
solution
measuring
crucial
at
scale.
Powered
by
renewable
energy
(e.g.,
wind
waves
propulsion,
solar
power
electronics),
USVs
have
provided
navigable
persistent
observing
capabilities
over
past
decade
half.
In
our
review
200
USV
datasets
96
studies,
we
found
observed
total
33
variables
spanning
physical,
biogeochemical,
biological
ecological
processes
transition
zone.
We
map
showing
proliferation
adoption
scientific
ocean
observing.
This
review,
carried
out
under
auspices
‘Observing
Air-Sea
Interactions
Strategy’
(OASIS),
makes
case
permanent
network
complement
mature
emerging
networks
within
Global
Ocean
System
(GOOS).
The
Observations
Coordination
Group
(OCG)
overseeing
GOOS
has
identified
ten
attributes
an
in-situ
network.
Here,
discuss
evaluate
maturation
towards
meeting
attributes.
Our
article
forms
basis
roadmap
formalise
guide
community
integrated
frontier.
Язык: Английский
Surface latent and sensible heat fluxes over the Pacific Sub-Arctic Ocean from saildrone observations and three global reanalysis products
Frontiers in Marine Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Июль 12, 2024
Sea
surface
latent
and
sensible
heat
fluxes
are
crucial
components
of
the
air-sea
energy
exchanges
that
influence
upper-ocean
content
marine
atmospheric
boundary
layer.
Due
to
limited
availability
in
situ
observations,
assessing
their
impact
on
Arctic
weather
climate
has
mainly
been
done
using
data
assimilation
products
numerical
model
simulations.
The
accuracy
models
are,
however,
largely
unvalidated.
Recent
deployments
saildrones,
remotely
piloted
uncrewed
vehicles,
can
help
bridge
this
gap
observations.
This
study
represents
an
initial
effort
validate
sea
over
Pacific
sub-Arctic
open
ocean
from
three
commonly
used
global
reanalysis
(NASA
MERRA2,
ECMWF
ERA5,
NOAA
CFSR2)
against
observations
by
saildrones.
In
general,
these
saildrone
agree
well,
except
for
CFSR2
fluxes,
which
exhibit
systematic
negative
biases.
Sporadic,
very
large
(greater
than
two
observed
standard
deviations)
discrepancies
between
do
occur.
These
substantial
primarily
result
errors
temperature
both
humidity
wind
speed
fluxes.
results
suggest
MERRA2
ERA5
reliable
representing
mean
features
region.
Nonetheless,
reliability
is
when
studies
high-frequency
variability,
such
as
synoptic
events.
Язык: Английский
Accelerating Research and Development in the US Arctic Reflections on a NOAA Program
Oceanography,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Since
2015,
the
Innovative
Technology
for
Arctic
Exploration
(ITAE)
program
has
supported
maritime
technology
development
that
contributes
to
economic
growth,
ocean
health,
and
management
in
Alaska.
The
does
this
multiple
ways:
through
public-private
partnerships,
platform
small-scale
sensor
design,
research
operations,
commercialization,
application
of
science-driven
technologies.
ITAE
is
a
high-risk,
high-reward
collaborative
provides
support
expertise
creative
scientists
pursuing
highly
innovative
solutions
with
potential
broad
impact
US
marine
sciences.
This
funded
NOAA
projects
may
be
overlooked
traditional
peer-review
process
because
their
inherent
risk.
However,
not
all
risks
lead
success,
every
risk
leads
failure,
failures
eliminate
success.
Development
growth
are
nurtured
by
temporary
setbacks.
science
advanced
these
researchers
collaborators
forges
new
paths
discovery.
While
an
excellent
testbed,
part,
due
its
extreme
conditions,
technologies
lessons
detailed
here
transferable
oceanographic
outside
Arctic.
paper
reviews
as
well
successes
dedicated
innovation
at
Pacific
Marine
Environmental
Laboratory.
Язык: Английский
Validation of OSCAR Surface Currents in the Western Arctic Marginal Seas Against Saildrone Observations
Earth and Space Science,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
10(11)
Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023
Abstract
The
western
Arctic
marginal
seas
undergo
large
seasonal
variation,
but
are
very
challenging
to
observe
directly
due
sea
ice
and
shallow
depths.
Deployments
of
several
saildrone
uncrewed
surface
vehicles
in
the
summers
2018
2019
provided
unique
opportunities
validate
satellite‐derived
near
currents,
Ocean
Surface
Current
Analysis
Real‐time
(OSCAR),
against
situ
upper
ocean
current
measurements.
Overall,
OSCAR
is
biased
low
(by
5.3
cm/s)
with
significant
noise.
Higher
vector
correlation
estimated
by
cosine
similarity
speed
differences
often
occur
where
stronger
currents
(often
topography‐steered)
observed.
Such
reveal
that
data
set
resolvability
depends
on
spatial
temporal
resolutions,
smoothing,
latitudes,
suggesting
able
depict
major
systems
significantly
underestimates
their
strength.
Poorer
occurs
at
weaker
regimes
(<10
cm/s),
over
Hanna
Shoal,
fresher
water
melt
river
discharge.
latter
two
class
highlight
importance
salinity
contribution
buoyancy
force
which
neglected
formulation.
Язык: Английский
The History and Evolution of PMEL: Purposeful Research that Impacts Environmental Policy
Oceanography,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
The
Pacific
Marine
Environmental
Laboratory
(PMEL)
conducts
global
and
regional
oceanographic
research
in
support
of
the
National
Oceanic
Atmospheric
Administration’s
(NOAA’s)
three
mission
areas:
(1)
understanding
predicting
changes
climate,
weather,
oceans,
coasts;
(2)
sharing
that
knowledge
with
others;
(3)
conserving
managing
coastal
marine
ecosystems
resources.
Since
its
establishment
1973,
PMEL’s
work
has
ranged
from
pole
to
across
ocean.
lab’s
examined
ocean
structure
function
physical,
chemical,
biological
realms,
informed
supported
development
US
policy
these
areas.
Язык: Английский