International Review of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 36(1-2), С. 165 - 179

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2023

AbstractThe article presents two theoretical perspectives that provide a helpful framework in psychobiographical research, especially when psychobiographies concern religious suicide. The first is typical contemporary psychology, subjective analysis focused on the individual, looking at life course/lifetime light of personality psychology. second one represented by anthropological research concept honour-shame and sociological works E. Durkheim. Contemporary psychobiography should consider sociocultural context refer to social sciences (anthropology, sociology). This applies particular people representing world values different from Western world, i.e. non-WEIRD people. problem true monotheistic religions grew up cultural code (Middle East, Mediterranean culture). natural human need for psychological power then woven into specific set beliefs may, extreme cases, favour decision commit Suicide acts seen this perspective are no longer act sick or socially alienated but often fully healthy, conscious, educated integrated Such dramatic may become only way regain sense dignity, strength control.Keywords: Self-destructive behavioursocial significancedignityhonourreligious violencemartyrindividual dimension behaviour Disclosure statementThe author/s report there competing interests declare. manuscript not submitted more than journal simultaneous consideration. does contain any studies with participants animals performed authors.Notes1 exactly what happened 'individualistic self', presence which given culture was associated socio-economic development, prosperity happiness (Inglehart & Oyserman, Citation2004). individualistic self has destination point part where completely alien. It already known it limited reach (Hamamura, Citation2012; Peterson Stewart, Citation2020).2 A similar pattern used some terrorist groups: Islamic State (ISIS) uniquely effective among extremist groups Middle East recruiting Westerners (…) In particular, ISIS utilized heroic martyr narrative, focuses an individual's personal glory empowerment (Yoder et al., Citation2020, p. 1).3 Adler's perspective, suicide understood as "sabotaged interest", solution person "who face urgent arrived end his Social Interest They come believe staging flawless death they can restore their control." "will achieve literal emotional completeness through self-destruction. paradox imbedded these ideas, alarming healthy person, seems guide those "a heightened feeling superiority" who well "to be master death" (Bluvshtein Citation2019, 1–3).4 Brentano tradition (Brentano's School) played key role formation European psychology half twentieth century. gave rise such schools Gestalt, Wurzburg School, phenomenological Lvov-Warsaw School Dorpat (Citlak, Citation2023b).5 Witwicki listed most important Polish psychologists. From 1918 1948, he lectured University Warsaw author two-volume textbook. His theory desire original along Twardowski's actions products. He had enormous influence public, scientific Poland.6 honour characterised greater complexity multidimensionality (Uskul Citation2023), here focus will foundations theory.7 For detailed study monotheism honour, see Citlak, A. (in press). Monotheistic Religions: Between Sacrifice, Honour Power. Journal Religion Health.8 Goertzel distinguished between three types suicide: political strategist (whose goal gain society), radical theorist (who lives ideas ideology wants draw attention themselves) militant activist aggressive, ready violence heat battle). Each achieving fighting communal significance: a) real power; b) identification system ideology; c) aggression, physical domination (see Bolechow, Citation2008).9 This, course, fundamentalist circles accept idea jihad form terror. attitude, extent terror accepted, demonstrates great variation across Muslim societies (from ideation denial).10 "Escalating persecution made Old Believers' theology increasingly apocalyptic, demonizing Tsar established church Antichrist" (BOKPinnock, Citation2018, 97).11 reference work Durkheim been regard discussed problem, although other proposals, Hofstede's dimensions (Hofstede, Citation2001), S. Schwartz's map (Schwartz, Citation2014) also relevant.12 "Perhaps stop bombing we understand configurations relationships luring binding thousands, possibly millions, mostly ordinary organization's martyr-making web" (Atran, Citation2003, 1538).

Язык: Английский