Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. 232 - 257
Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2024
Heavy
metals
are
found
in
nature
trace
amounts
but,
due
to
rapid
industrialization,
urbanization
and
various
anthropogenic
activities,
their
concentration
the
environment
has
reached
an
undesired
level
recent
years.
Pollution
by
heavy
become
a
serious
threat
human
health
toxicity
long-term
persistence
environment.
The
use
of
microorganisms
detoxifying
great
potential
tackling
these
adverse
effects.
Microbial
bioremediation
is
economical
effective
technique
alleviate
toxic
forms
converting
them
into
less
forms.
Upon
inoculation,
microbes
help
reduce
elevated
concentrations
both
soil
plants.
exposure
some
high
made
resistant
acquire
ability
remove
different
using
types
mechanisms.
processing
conditions
that
affect
microbial
remediation
include
temperature,
pH,
substrates.
Recent
technological
advances
have
suggested
it
be
better
alternative
other
approaches.
study
such
interaction
crucial
understanding
developing
strategies
for
future
research
directions.
Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Arsenic
is
a
toxic
metalloid
naturally
found
in
the
earth's
crust
and
released
into
environment
through
natural
anthropogenic
activities.Arsenic
becomes
exceptionally
even
at
low
exposure
levels
because
of
its
high
water
solubility
bioaccumulation
tendency
different
environmental
matrices.Crops
receiving
arsenic
contaminated
irrigation
accumulate
it
degrees
depending
on
species
variety.Consumption
crops
drinking
has
been
identified
as
important
routes
for
transfer
food
chain.Besides,
consuming
seafood
livestock-based
products
such
meat
milk
from
endemic
regions
also
contributes
to
chain
contamination.The
literature
clearly
indicates
that
effect
any
product
highly
dependent
chemical
speciation.Inorganic
compounds
are
generally
more
than
organic
forms.On
consumption
water,
only
bioavailable
form
goes
directly
human
body
interferes
with
metabolic
pathways.Thus,
prolonged
toxicity
leads
carcinogenic
non-carcinogenic
health
risks
arsenicosis,
cancers,
hepatotoxicity,
kidney
failure,
skin
diseases.Therefore,
this
review
highlights
distribution
mobility
soil-plant
system,
bioavailability
plant
products,
chain,
risks.In
current
state
when
emerged
worldwide
threat,
an
integrated
strategy
urgently
required
combat
contamination,
mandating
creation
national
international
action
strategies
contamination
mitigation.
Abstract
Mercury
(Hg),
arsenic
(As),
cadmium
(Cd),
lead
(Pb)
and
other
toxic
heavy
metals
(HM)
pose
significant
risks
to
the
environment,
negatively
impacting
morpho-physiological
biological
traits
of
plants.
At
present,
elements
constitute
a
proportion
food
chain,
exerting
an
impact
on
human
health
due
their
mobility
biomagnification.
The
metal
exclusion
technique
stands
out
for
its
robust
performance,
even
when
dealing
with
extremely
low
concentrations.
Its
eco-friendly
nature
cost-effectiveness
further
enhance
value.
Due
exponential
growth
pattern
bacteria,
these
exhibit
high
persistence
are
recommended
processes.
Moreover,
vacuoles
like
vesicles
present
in
mycorrhizal
fungi
can
hold
levels
HM.
Microbe-assisted
phytoremediation
primarily
occurs
through
two
mechanisms:
direct
provision
essential
nutrients
phytohormones,
such
as
plant
regulators,
siderophores,
enzymes,
mineral;
or
indirectly
by
modulating
detoxification
process.
This
indirect
mechanism
involves
microbes
aiding
accumulation
sequestration
plants
secretion
specific
extracellular
substances
organic
acids,
biosurfactants,
chelators.
bioavailability
translocation
rhizosphere
also
altered
via
various
mechanisms
acidification,
precipitation,
complexation
redox
reactions.
understanding
molecular
physiological
processes
underpinning
functions
arbuscular
(AMF)
reducing
HM
toxicity,
improving
performance
procuring
under
HM-toxicity
has
significantly
improved
recent
years.
In
this
review,
adaptive
persistent
methods
related
cross-protective
bacteria
(MF)
resulting
from
evolutionary
consequences
toxicity
have
been
addressed.
Furthermore,
article
offers
details
reactions
host
fungi,
stress,
which
may
be
useful
unveiling
new
knowledge
about
strategies
HMs
remediation.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2022
Anthropogenic
activities
have
a
critical
influence
on
climate
change
that
directly
or
indirectly
impacts
plant
and
microbial
diversity
our
planet.
Due
to
change,
there
is
an
increase
in
the
intensity
frequency
of
extreme
environmental
events
such
as
temperature
rise,
drought,
precipitation.
The
greenhouse
gas
emissions
CO
2
,
CH
4
NOx,
water
vapor,
global
temperature,
rainfall
patterns
impacted
soil–plant-microbe
interactions,
which
poses
serious
threat
food
security.
Microbes
soil
play
essential
role
plants’
resilience
abiotic
biotic
stressors.
communities
are
sensitive
responsive
these
Therefore,
systemic
approach
adaptation
will
be
needed
acknowledges
multidimensional
nature
plant-microbe-environment
interactions.
In
last
two
scores
years,
has
been
enhancement
understanding
plant’s
response
microbes
at
physiological,
biochemical,
molecular
levels
due
availability
techniques
tools.
This
review
highlights
some
factors
influencing
plant-microbe
interactions
under
stress.
association
microbe
plants
result
several
stresses
salinity,
metal
toxicity,
gases
also
depicted.
New
tools
study
complexity
genomic
sequencing
approaches,
provide
researchers
greater
accuracy,
reproducibility,
flexibility
for
exploring
plant-microbe–environment
changing
climate,
discussed
review,
helpful
development
resistant
crops/plants
present
future.
Microorganisms,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11(7), С. 1653 - 1653
Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2023
Heavy
metal
ions,
in
particular
cadmium
(Cd),
have
a
negative
impact
on
the
growth
and
productivity
of
major
crops,
including
wheat.
The
use
environmentally
friendly
approaches,
particular,
bacteria
that
growth-stimulating
protective
effect,
can
increase
resistance
plants.
effects
pre-sowing
seed
treatment
with
plant
growth-promoting
endophyte
Bacillus
subtilis
10-4
(BS)
acetate
(Cd)-stressed
Triticum
aestivum
L.
(wheat)
growth,
photosynthetic
pigments,
oxidative
stress
parameters,
roots’
lignin
content,
Cd
ions
accumulation
plants
were
analyzed.
results
showed
tested
Cd-tolerant
BS
improved
ability
wheat
seeds
to
germinate
presence
different
concentrations
(0,
0.1,
0.5,
1
mM).
In
addition,
bacterial
significantly
decreased
damaging
(1
mM)
seedlings’
linear
dimensions
(lengths
roots
shoots),
biomass,
as
well
integrity
permeability
cell
walls
(i.e.,
lipid
peroxidation
electrolyte
leakage)
resulted
reduced
H2O2
generation.
pretreatment
prevented
Cd-induced
degradation
leaf
pigments
chlorophyll
(Chl)
a,
Chl
b,
carotenoids.
Moreover,
intensified
deposition
under
normal
and,
especially,
conditions,
thereby
enhancing
barrier
properties
wall.
This
manifested
restriction
its
translocation
aboveground
parts
(shoots)
bacterized
comparison
non-bacterized
controls.
Thus,
may
serve
an
eco-friendly
approach
improve
production
Cd-contaminated
areas.
