Short- and long-term neuropsychiatric outcomes in long COVID in South Korea and Japan

Nature Human Behaviour, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(8), С. 1530 - 1544

Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Incident allergic diseases in post-COVID-19 condition: multinational cohort studies from South Korea, Japan and the UK

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2024

Abstract As mounting evidence suggests a higher incidence of adverse consequences, such as disruption the immune system, among patients with history COVID-19, we aimed to investigate post-COVID-19 conditions on comprehensive set allergic diseases including asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy. We used nationwide claims-based cohorts in South Korea (K-CoV-N; n = 836,164; main cohort) Japan (JMDC; 2,541,021; replication cohort A) UK Biobank (UKB; 325,843; B) after 1:5 propensity score matching. Among 836,164 individuals (mean age, 50.25 years [SD, 13.86]; 372,914 [44.6%] women), 147,824 were infected SARS-CoV-2 during follow-up period (2020−2021). The risk developing diseases, beyond first 30 days diagnosis significantly increased (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.13−1.27), notably asthma 2.25; 1.80−2.83) rhinitis 1.23; 1.15−1.32). This gradually decreased over time, but it persisted throughout (≥6 months). In addition, increasing severity COVID-19. Notably, COVID-19 vaccination at least two doses had protective effect against subsequent 0.81; 0.68−0.96). Similar findings reported A B. Although potential for misclassification pre-existing incident remains limitation, ethnic diversity condition has been validated by utilizing multinational independent population-based cohorts.

Язык: Английский

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Acute and post-acute respiratory complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection: population-based cohort study in South Korea and Japan

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Май 27, 2024

Abstract Considering the significant burden of post-acute COVID-19 conditions among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, we aimed to identify risk acute respiratory complications or sequelae. A binational population-based cohort study was conducted analyze sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection. We used a Korean nationwide claim-based (K-COV-N; n = 2,312,748; main cohort) and Japanese (JMDC; 3,115,606; replication multi-to-one propensity score matching. Among 2,312,748 participants (mean age, 47.2 years [SD, 15.6]; 1,109,708 [48.0%] female), 17.1% (394,598/2,312,748) were SARS-CoV-2. The is significantly increased in people infection compared general population (acute complications: HR, 8.06 [95% CI, 6.92-9.38]; sequelae: 1.68 [1.62-1.75]), increasing severity. identified vaccination as an attenuating factor, showing protective association against conditions. Furthermore, while excess diminished time following infection, it persisted beyond 6 months post-infection. showed similar pattern association. Our comprehensively evaluates post-COVID-19 conditions, considering factors such status, post-infection duration, severity, specific

Язык: Английский

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Global burden of vaccine‐associated multiple sclerosis, 1967–2022: A comprehensive analysis of the international pharmacovigilance database

Journal of Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 96(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract Vaccine‐associated multiple sclerosis (MS) is rare, with insufficient evidence from case reports. Given the scarcity of large‐scale data investigating association between vaccine administration and adverse events, we investigated global burden vaccine‐associated MS potential related vaccines 1967 to 2022. Reports on 2022 were obtained World Health Organization International Pharmacovigilance Database (total number reports = 120 715 116). We evaluated reports, reporting odds ratio (ROR), information components (IC) investigate associations 19 across 156 countries territories. identified 8288 among 132 980 cases all‐cause MS. The cumulative gradually increased over time, a substantial increase after 2020, owing COVID‐19 mRNA develops more frequently in males adolescents. Nine significantly associated higher reporting, highest disproportional observed for hepatitis B (ROR 19.82; IC 025 4.18), followed by encephalitis 7.42; 2.59), A 4.46; 1.95), papillomavirus 4.45; 2.01). Additionally, showed disproportionate signal 1.55; 0.52). Fatal clinical outcomes reported only 0.3% (21/8288) all Although various are potentially risk MS, should be cautious about following vaccination, particularly vaccines, consider factors

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the Complexities of Long COVID

Viruses, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(7), С. 1060 - 1060

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2024

Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in 2019, nearly 700 million COVID-19 cases and 7 deaths have been reported globally. Despite most individuals recovering within four weeks, Center for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that 7.5% to 41% develop post-acute infection syndrome (PAIS), known as 'Long COVID'. This review provides current statistics on Long COVID's prevalence, explores hypotheses concerning epidemiological factors, such age, gender, comorbidities, initial severity, vaccine interactions, delves into potential mechanisms, including immune responses, viral persistence, gut dysbiosis. Moreover, we conclude women, advanced non-vaccination, low socioeconomic status all appear be risk factors. The reasons these differences are still not fully understood likely involve a complex relationship between social, genetic, hormonal, other Furthermore, with seem more endure economic hardship due persistent symptoms. In summary, our findings further illustrate multifaceted nature COVID underscore importance understanding factors mechanisms needed effective therapeutic strategies interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Global public concern of childhood and adolescence suicide: a new perspective and new strategies for suicide prevention in the post-pandemic era

World Journal of Pediatrics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(9), С. 872 - 900

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Long-term risk of autoimmune diseases after mRNA-based SARS-CoV2 vaccination in a Korean, nationwide, population-based cohort study

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Июль 23, 2024

Abstract The long-term association between mRNA-based coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and the development of autoimmune connective tissue diseases (AI-CTDs) remains unclear. In this nationwide, population-based cohort study involving 9,258,803 individuals, we aim to determine whether incidence AI-CTDs is associated with mRNA vaccination. spans over 1 year observation further analyses risk by stratifying demographics profiles treating booster as time-varying covariate. We report that developing most did not increase following vaccination, except for systemic lupus erythematosus a 1.16-fold in vaccinated individuals relative controls. Comparable results were reported stratified age, sex, vaccine type, prior history non-mRNA However, was an increased some including alopecia areata, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis. Overall, conclude vaccinations are AI-CTDs, although research needed regarding its potential certain conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Prenatal and postnatal exposure to antibiotics and risk of food allergy in the offspring: A nationwide birth cohort study in South Korea

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 35(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Abstract Background There are only preliminary studies examining the associations of postnatal antibiotic exposure with food allergy in childhood, and effect utero has not been resolved. Thus, we aimed to investigate prenatal on risk childhood. Methods Using nationwide birth cohort South Korea, all 3,163,206 infants (pairing mother; n = 2,322,735) born Korea between 2010 2017 were included analysis. The primary outcome was diagnosis allergy, observation period January 1, 2009, December 31, 2020. We implemented four different designs for study, which consisted a full unmatched cohort, 1:1 propensity‐matched sibling comparison health screening along multiple subgroup analyses. Results During follow‐up (median 6.92 years [IQR, 4.72–9.00]) 3,161,858 (52.6% male) 29,973 (1.9%) diagnosed allergies. After propensity score matching, use antibiotics increased overall (prenatal [HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.04–1.09] 1.01–1.10] periods). association more significantly accentuated when used short term, children preterm or low birthweight; however, trimester‐specific observed. observed pronounced risks (prenatal, 17%; postnatal, 15%), thus addressing adverse effects critical factors including maternal BMI, smoking status, type infant feeding. Similar trends across differnt cohorts. Conclusion This study reported moderate early‐life subsequent during childhood throughout suggests that clinicians need consider benefits administering individuals periods.

Язык: Английский

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Machine Learning–Based Prediction of Suicidal Thinking in Adolescents by Derivation and Validation in 3 Independent Worldwide Cohorts: Algorithm Development and Validation Study

Journal of Medical Internet Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26, С. e55913 - e55913

Опубликована: Май 17, 2024

Background Suicide is the second-leading cause of death among adolescents and associated with clusters suicides. Despite numerous studies on this preventable death, focus has primarily been single nations traditional statistical methods. Objective This study aims to develop a predictive model for adolescent suicidal thinking using multinational data sets machine learning (ML). Methods We used from Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 566,875 aged between 13 18 years conducted external validation 103,874 Norway’s University National General 19,574 adolescents. Several tree-based ML models were developed, feature importance Shapley additive explanations values analyzed identify risk factors thinking. Results When trained South 95% CI, XGBoost reported an area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve 90.06% (95% CI 89.97-90.16), displaying superior performance compared other models. For United States Norway, achieved AUROCs 83.09% 81.27%, respectively. Across all sets, consistently outperformed highest AUROC score, was selected as optimal model. In terms predictors thinking, feelings sadness despair most influential, accounting 57.4% impact, followed by stress status at 19.8%. age (5.7%), household income (4%), academic achievement (3.4%), sex (2.1%), others, which contributed less than 2% each. Conclusions integrating diverse 3 countries address suicide. The findings highlight important role emotional health indicators in predicting Specifically, identified significant predictors, stressful conditions age. These emphasize critical need early diagnosis prevention mental issues during adolescence.

Язык: Английский

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Global and regional burden of vaccine‐associated facial paralysis, 1967–2023: Findings from the WHO international pharmacovigilance database

Journal of Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 96(6)

Опубликована: Май 24, 2024

Abstract The scarce and conflicting data on vaccine‐associated facial paralysis limit our understanding of vaccine safety a global scale. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the burden identify extent its association with individual vaccines, thereby contributing development more effective vaccination program. We used from 1967 2023 (total reports, n = 131 255 418 418) World Health Organization International Pharmacovigilance Database. Global reporting counts, reported odds ratios (ROR), information components (ICs) were computed elucidate between 16 vaccines occurrence across 156 countries. identified 26 197 reports (men, 10 507 [40.11%]) 49 537 all‐cause paralysis. Vaccine‐associated has been consistently reported; however, pronounced increase in incidence emerged after onset coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, which is attributable COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine. Most associated paralysis, differing levels association, except for tuberculosis vaccines. had highest (ROR, 28.31 [95% confidence interval, 27.60–29.03]; IC, 3.37 [IC 0.25 , 3.35]), followed by encephalitis, influenza, hepatitis A, papillomavirus, B, typhoid, varicella‐zoster, meningococcal, Ad‐5 vectored COVID‐19, measles, mumps rubella, diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, pertussis, polio, Hemophilus influenza type b, pneumococcal, rotavirus diarrhea, inactivated whole‐virus Concerning age‐ sex‐specific risks, was strongly older age groups males. serious adverse outcome death rate extremely low (0.07% 0.00%, respectively). An vaccine‐induced primarily owing observed most Given higher male close monitoring these demographics when administering that are significantly reactions crucial.

Язык: Английский

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