Allostasis: A Brain-Centered, Predictive Mode of Physiological Regulation

Trends in Neurosciences, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 42(10), С. 740 - 752

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2019

Язык: Английский

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The neuropeptidergic connectome of C. elegans

Neuron, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 111(22), С. 3570 - 3589.e5

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

Efforts are ongoing to map synaptic wiring diagrams, or connectomes, understand the neural basis of brain function. However, chemical synapses represent only one type functionally important neuronal connection; in particular, extrasynaptic, "wireless" signaling by neuropeptides is widespread and plays essential roles all nervous systems. By integrating single-cell anatomical gene-expression datasets with biochemical analysis receptor-ligand interactions, we have generated a draft connectome neuropeptide C. elegans system. This network characterized high connection density, extended cascades, autocrine foci, decentralized topology, large, highly interconnected core containing three constituent communities sharing similar patterns input connectivity. Intriguingly, several key hubs little-studied neurons that appear specialized for peptidergic neuromodulation. We anticipate neuropeptidergic will serve as prototype how networks neuromodulatory organized.

Язык: Английский

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System-wide mapping of peptide-GPCR interactions in C. elegans

Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 42(9), С. 113058 - 113058

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2023

Neuropeptides and peptide hormones are ancient, widespread signaling molecules that underpin almost all brain functions. They constitute a broad ligand-receptor network, mainly by binding to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, the organization of peptidergic network roles many peptides remain elusive, as our insight into peptide-receptor interactions is limited GPCRs still orphan receptors. Here we report genome-wide peptide-GPCR interaction map in Caenorhabditis elegans. By reverse pharmacology screening over 55,384 possible interactions, identify 461 cognate couples uncover with specific complex combinatorial encoded across within single genes. These provide insights functions evolution. Combining dataset phylogenetic analysis supports co-evolution conservation at least 14 bilaterian systems C. This resource lays foundation for system-wide network.

Язык: Английский

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Cephalopod Brains: An Overview of Current Knowledge to Facilitate Comparison With Vertebrates

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2018

Cephalopod and vertebrate neural-systems are often highlighted as a traditional example of convergent evolution. Their large brains, relative to body size, complexity sensory-motor systems behavioral repertoires offer opportunities for comparative analysis. Despite various attempts, questions on how cephalopod 'brains' evolved what extent it is possible identify vertebrate-equivalence, assuming exists, remain still unanswered. Here, we summarize recent molecular, anatomical developmental data explore certain features in the neural organization cephalopods vertebrates an evolutionary convergence likely. Furthermore, based whole brain axes defined early-stage embryos using expression patterns homeodomain-containing transcription factors axonal tractography, describe critical analysis exploring similarities with cerebral cortex, thalamus, basal ganglia, midbrain, cerebellum, hypothalamus, stem spinal cord vertebrates. Our overall aim promote facilitate further, hypothesis-driven, studies

Язык: Английский

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The long and the short of it – a perspective on peptidergic regulation of circuits and behaviour

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 221(3)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2018

ABSTRACT Neuropeptides are the most diverse class of chemical modulators in nervous systems. They contribute to extensive modulation circuit activity and have profound influences on animal physiology. Studies invertebrate model organisms, including fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, enabled genetic manipulation peptidergic signalling, contributing an understanding how neuropeptides pattern output neural circuits underpin behavioural adaptation. Electrophysiological pharmacological analyses well-defined microcircuits, such as crustacean stomatogastric ganglion, provided detailed insights into neuropeptide functions at a cellular level. These approaches can be increasingly applied mammalian brain by focusing with defined identifiable sub-population neurons. Functional systems been underpinned systematic studies map networks. Here, we review general principles mechanistic that emerged from these studies. We also highlight some challenges remain for furthering our functional relevance modulation.

Язык: Английский

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High Cell Diversity and Complex Peptidergic Signaling Underlie Placozoan Behavior

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 28(21), С. 3495 - 3501.e2

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Whole-body integration of gene expression and single-cell morphology

Cell, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 184(18), С. 4819 - 4837.e22

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2021

Animal bodies are composed of cell types with unique expression programs that implement their distinct locations, shapes, structures, and functions. Based on these properties, assemble into specific tissues organs. To systematically explore the link between cell-type-specific gene morphology, we registered an atlas to a whole-body electron microscopy volume nereid Platynereis dumerilii. Automated segmentation cells nuclei identifies major classes establishes activation, chromatin topography, nuclear size. Clustering segmented according reveals spatially coherent tissues. In brain, genetically defined groups neurons match ganglionic projections. Besides interneurons, uncover sensory-neurosecretory in mushroom bodies, which thus qualify as sensory They furthermore resemble vertebrate telencephalon by molecular anatomy. We provide integrated browser Fiji plugin for remote exploration all available multimodal datasets.

Язык: Английский

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The chemical brain hypothesis for the origin of nervous systems

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 376(1821), С. 20190761 - 20190761

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2021

In nervous systems, there are two main modes of transmission for the propagation activity between cells. Synaptic relies on close contact at chemical or electrical synapses while volume is mediated by diffusible signals and does not require direct contact. It possible to wire complex neuronal networks both synaptic transmission. Both types ubiquitous in leading question which appeared first evolution. This paper explores a scenario where chemically organized cellular before evolution, possibility supported presence peptidergic signalling all animals except sponges. Small peptides ideally suited link up cells into networks. They have unlimited diversity, high diffusivity copy numbers derived from repetitive precursors. But diffusion limited becomes inefficient larger bodies. To overcome this, may developed projections formed synaptically connected tiling body surfaces displaying synchronized with pulsatile peptide release. The advent circulatory systems neurohemal organs further reduced constraint imposed diffusion. could contributed explosive radiation stem bilaterians. Neurosecretory centres extant still predominantly wired coexist brain. article part theme issue ‘Basal cognition: multicellularity, neurons cognitive lens’.

Язык: Английский

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The Nereid on the rise: Platynereis as a model system

EvoDevo, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2021

The Nereid Platynereis dumerilii (Audouin and Milne Edwards (Annales des Sciences Naturelles 1:195-269, 1833) is a marine annelid that belongs to the Nereididae, family of errant polychaete worms. shows pelago-benthic life cycle: as general characteristic for superphylum Lophotrochozoa/Spiralia, it has spirally cleaving embryos developing into swimming trochophore larvae. larvae then metamorphose benthic worms living in self-spun tubes on macroalgae. used model genetics, regeneration, reproduction biology, development, evolution, chronobiology, neurobiology, ecology, ecotoxicology, most recently also connectomics single-cell genomics. Research started with studies eye development spiralian embryogenesis nineteenth early twentieth centuries. Transitioning molecular era, research focused posterior growth neuroendocrinology, circadian lunar cycles, fertilization, oocyte maturation. Other work covered segmentation, photoreceptors other sensory cells, nephridia, population dynamics. Most recently, unique advantages young worm whole-body volume electron microscopy sequencing became apparent, enabling tracing all neurons its rope-ladder-like central nervous system, construction multimodal cellular atlases. Here, we provide an overview current topics methodologies P. dumerilii, aim stimulating further interest our expanding active vibrant community.

Язык: Английский

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Endocrine cybernetics: neuropeptides as molecular switches in behavioural decisions

Open Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(7)

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2022

Plasticity in animal behaviour relies on the ability to integrate external and internal cues from changing environment hence modulate activity synaptic circuits of brain. This context-dependent neuromodulation is largely based non-synaptic signalling with neuropeptides. Here, we describe select peptidergic systems Drosophila brain that act at different levels a hierarchy associated physiology. These regions, such as central complex mushroom bodies, which supervise specific behaviours. At top level there are small numbers large neurons arborize widely multiple areas orchestrate or global state manner. bottom local provide executive sensory gain intrinsically restricted parts neuronal circuits. The orchestrating receive interoceptive signals mediate energy sleep homeostasis, metabolic circadian timing, well affect food search, aggression mating. Some these can be triggers conflicting behaviours mating versus aggression, feeding, participate circuits, enabling choices switches.

Язык: Английский

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